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Opportunistic Networks in Campus Environments
Title
Opportunistic Networks in Campus Environments.
Creator
Bacanli, Salih Safa, Turgut, Damla, Guha, Ratan, Bassiouni, Mostafa, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description
Opportunistic communication is an active research area in wireless sensor networks. Exploiting the opportunities to communicate between devices in an unstable network is one of the main challenges of the opportunistic communication. In this thesis, we propose an infrastructure-independent opportunistic mobile social networking strategy for efficient message broadcasting in campus environments. Specifically, we focus on the application scenario of university campuses. In our model, the...
Show moreOpportunistic communication is an active research area in wireless sensor networks. Exploiting the opportunities to communicate between devices in an unstable network is one of the main challenges of the opportunistic communication. In this thesis, we propose an infrastructure-independent opportunistic mobile social networking strategy for efficient message broadcasting in campus environments. Specifically, we focus on the application scenario of university campuses. In our model, the students' smartphones forward messages to each other. The messages are created spontaneously as independent events in various places of the campus. The events can be either urgent security alerts or private announcements to the students who are currently on the campus. Our proposed state-based campus routing (SCR) protocol is based on the idle and active states of the students in indoor and outdoor environments. The proposed model is analyzed through extensive network simulations using mobility datasets collected from students on University of Milano, University of Cambridge and University of St Andrews campuses. The opportunistic network model and the SCR protocol is compared with epidemic, epidemic with TTS (Times-To-Send), PROPHET(Probabilistic Routing on History of Encounters), NDAO (Nodes Density Aware Opportunistic) and random routing protocols. We observe that the message delivery performance of SCR is close to Epidemic, PROPHET and NDAO while SCR reduces the amount of message transmissions.
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Date Issued
2015
Identifier
CFE0006258, ucf:51038
Format
Document (PDF)
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0006258
Virtual Router Approach for Wireless Ad Hoc Networks
Title
Virtual Router Approach for Wireless Ad Hoc Networks.
Creator
Ho, Ai, Hua, Kien, Guha, Ratan, Moshell, Jack, Zou, Changchun, Wang, Ching, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description
Wireless networks have become increasingly popular in recent years. There are two variations of mobile wireless networks: infrastructure mobile networks and infrastructureless mobile networks. The latter are also known as mobile ad hoc network (MANET). MANETs have no fixed routers. Instead, mobile nodes function as relay nodes or routers, which discover and maintain communication connections between source nodes and destination nodes for various data transmission sessions. In other words, an...
Show moreWireless networks have become increasingly popular in recent years. There are two variations of mobile wireless networks: infrastructure mobile networks and infrastructureless mobile networks. The latter are also known as mobile ad hoc network (MANET). MANETs have no fixed routers. Instead, mobile nodes function as relay nodes or routers, which discover and maintain communication connections between source nodes and destination nodes for various data transmission sessions. In other words, an MANET is a self-organizing multi-hop wireless network in which all nodes within a given geographical area participate in the routing and data forwarding process. Such networks are scalable and self-healing. They support mobile applications where an infrastructure is either not available (e.g., rescue operations and underground networks) or not desirable (e.g., harsh industrial environments).In many ad hoc networks such as vehicular networks, links among nodes change constantly and rapidly due to high node speed. Maintaining communication links of an established communication path that extends between source and destination nodes is a significant challenge in mobile ad hoc networks due to movement of the mobile nodes. In particular, such communication links are often broken under a high mobility environment. Communication links can also be broken by obstacles such as buildings in a street environment that block radio signal. In a street environment, obstacles and fast moving nodes result in a very short window of communication between nodes on different streets. Although a new communication route can be established when a break in the communication path occurs, repeatedly reestablishing new routes incurs delay and substantial overhead. To address this limitation, we introduce the Virtual Router abstraction in this dissertation. A virtual router is a dynamically-created logical router that is associated with a particular geographical area. Its routing functionality is provided by the physical nodes (i.e., mobile devices) currently within the geographical region served by the virtual router. These physical nodes take turns in forwarding data packets for the virtual router. In this environment, data packets are transmitted from a source node to a destination node over a series of virtual routers. Since virtual routers do not move, this scheme is much less susceptible to node mobility. There can be two virtual router approaches: Static Virtual Router (SVR) and Dynamic Virtual Router (DVR). In SVR, the virtual routers are predetermined and shared by all communication sessions over time. This scheme requires each mobile node to have a map of the virtual routers, and use a global positioning system (GPS) to determine if the node is within the geographical region of a given router. DVR is different from SVR with the following distinctions: (1) virtual routers are dynamically created for each communication sessions as needed, and deprecated after their use; (2) mobile nodes do not need to have a GPS; and (3) mobile nodes do not need to know whereabouts of the virtual routers.In this dissertation, we apply Virtual Router approach to address mobility challenges in routing data. We first propose a data routing protocol that uses SVR to overcome the extreme fast topology change in a street environment. We then propose a routing protocol that does not require node locations by adapting a DVR approach. We also explore how the Virtual Router Approach can reduce the overhead associated with initial route or location requests used by many existing routing protocols to find a destination. An initial request for a destination is expensive because all the nodes need to be reached to locate the destination. We propose two broadcast protocols; one in an open terrain environment and the other in a street environment. Both broadcast protocols apply SVR. We provide simulation results to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed protocols in handling high mobility. They show Virtual Router approach can achieve several times better performance than traditional routing and broadcast approach based on physical routers (i.e., relay nodes).
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Date Issued
2011
Identifier
CFE0004119, ucf:49090
Format
Document (PDF)
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0004119
Error Rates in Narrow-band Digital FM Systems Operating Various Interference Environments
Title
Error Rates in Narrow-band Digital FM Systems Operating Various Interference Environments.
Creator
Rodriguez, Arthur M., Mathews, B.E., Engineering
Abstract / Description
Florida Technological University College of Engineering Thesis
Date Issued
1975
Identifier
CFR0004778, ucf:52971
Format
Document (PDF)
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFR0004778
THE DEVELOPMENT OF LOOP-BASED CINEMATIC TECHNIQUES IN TWENTIETH CENTURY MOTION PICTURES AND THEIR APPLICATION IN EARLY DIGITAL CINEMA
Title
THE DEVELOPMENT OF LOOP-BASED CINEMATIC TECHNIQUES IN TWENTIETH CENTURY MOTION PICTURES AND THEIR APPLICATION IN EARLY DIGITAL CINEMA.
Creator
Scoma, David, Scott, Blake, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description
For centuries, repetition in one form or another has been seen as a significant element in the artistic palette. In numerous formats of expression, duplication and looping became a significant tool utilized by artisans in a multitude of creative formats. Yet within the realm of film, the Griffith and Eisenstein models of cinematic editing techniques (as the most popular-- and near-monolithic--narrative aesthetic criteria) effectively disregarded most other approaches, including looping....
Show moreFor centuries, repetition in one form or another has been seen as a significant element in the artistic palette. In numerous formats of expression, duplication and looping became a significant tool utilized by artisans in a multitude of creative formats. Yet within the realm of film, the Griffith and Eisenstein models of cinematic editing techniques (as the most popular-- and near-monolithic--narrative aesthetic criteria) effectively disregarded most other approaches, including looping. Despite the evidence for the consistent use of repetition and looping in multiple ways throughout the course of cinematic history, some theorists and practitioners maintain that the influx of the technique within digital cinema in recent years represents a sudden breakthrough, one that has arrived simply because technology has currently advanced to a point where their utilization within digital formats now makes sense both technologically and aesthetically. This situation points to a cyclical problem. Students of film and video frequently are not taught aesthetical or editorial options other than standard industry procedures. Those who are interested in varying techniques are therefore put in the position of having to learn alternative practices on their own. When they do look beyond visual norms to try applying different approaches in their projects, they risk going against the views of their instructors who are only interested in implementations of the standard methods which have been in the forefront for so long. Yet the loop's importance and prevalence as a digital language tool will only likely grow with the evolution of digital cinema. With this is mind, the dissertation addresses the following questions: To what extent can various forms of repetitive visuals be found throughout film history, and are not simply technical manifestations that have merely emerged within digital cinema? How might current educational practices in the realm of film and video work to inform students of techniques outside of the common narrative means? Finally, what other sources or strategies might be available to enlighten students and practitioners exploring both the history surrounding--and possible applications of--techniques based upon early cinema practices such as the loop?
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Date Issued
2008
Identifier
CFE0002464, ucf:47720
Format
Document (PDF)
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0002464
INTERACTIVITY AND USER-HETEROGENEITY IN ON DEMAND BROADCAST VIDEO
Title
INTERACTIVITY AND USER-HETEROGENEITY IN ON DEMAND BROADCAST VIDEO.
Creator
Tantaoui El Araki, Mounir, Hua, Kien A., University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description
Video-On-Demand (VOD) has appeared as an important technology for many multimedia applications such as news on demand, digital libraries, home entertainment, and distance learning. In its simplest form, delivery of a video stream requires a dedicated channel for each video session. This scheme is very expensive and non-scalable. To preserve server bandwidth, many users can share a channel using multicast. Two types of multicast have been considered. In a non-periodic multicast setting, users...
Show moreVideo-On-Demand (VOD) has appeared as an important technology for many multimedia applications such as news on demand, digital libraries, home entertainment, and distance learning. In its simplest form, delivery of a video stream requires a dedicated channel for each video session. This scheme is very expensive and non-scalable. To preserve server bandwidth, many users can share a channel using multicast. Two types of multicast have been considered. In a non-periodic multicast setting, users make video requests to the server; and it serves them according to some scheduling policy. In a periodic broadcast environment, the server does not wait for service requests. It broadcasts a video cyclically, e.g., a new stream of the same video is started every t seconds. Although, this type of approach does not guarantee true VOD, the worst service latency experienced by any client is less than t seconds. A distinct advantage of this approach is that it can serve a very large community of users using minimal server bandwidth. In VOD System it is desirable to provide the user with the video-cassette-recorder-like (VCR) capabilities such as fast-forwarding a video or jumping to a specific frame. This issue in the broadcast framework is addressed, where each video and its interactive version are broadcast repeatedly on the network. Existing techniques rely on data prefetching as the mechanism to provide this functionality. This approach provides limited usability since the prefetching rate cannot keep up with typical fast-forward speeds. In the same environment, end users might have access to different bandwidth capabilities at different times. Current periodic broadcast schemes, do not take advantage of high-bandwidth capabilities, nor do they adapt to the low-bandwidth limitation of the receivers. A heterogeneous technique is presented that can adapt to a range of receiving bandwidth capability. Given a server bandwidth and a range of different client bandwidths, users employing the proposed technique will choose either to use their full reception bandwidth capability and therefore accessing the video at a very short time, or using part or enough reception bandwidth at the expense of a longer access latency.
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Date Issued
2004
Identifier
CFE0000085, ucf:46129
Format
Document (PDF)
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0000085
GENDER'S ROLE IN SPANISH-LANGUAGE JOURNALISM- AN EXAMINATION OF HOW GENDER PLAYS IN HARD VS. SOFT NEWS
Title
GENDER'S ROLE IN SPANISH-LANGUAGE JOURNALISM- AN EXAMINATION OF HOW GENDER PLAYS IN HARD VS. SOFT NEWS.
Creator
Elajami, Victoria R, Weger, Harry, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description
The inequality of women in the workforce has been an ongoing issue. The 19th amendment granted women the right to vote in 1920. Since then, women have continued to fight for their equality in its entirety. Specifically, in the 21st-century women continue to fight for equality in the work place. Studies have shown that the amount of women in the workplace has exponentially increased. In fact, "they caught up with men in the rates of higher-education graduation, they increased their training...
Show moreThe inequality of women in the workforce has been an ongoing issue. The 19th amendment granted women the right to vote in 1920. Since then, women have continued to fight for their equality in its entirety. Specifically, in the 21st-century women continue to fight for equality in the work place. Studies have shown that the amount of women in the workplace has exponentially increased. In fact, "they caught up with men in the rates of higher-education graduation, they increased their training and representation in formerly male-dominated professional fields and they entered many previously male dominated occupations" (Vokić, 2017). However the increase of representation doesn't necessarily positively correlate with the treatment of women in the workforce. In many countries the most prominent journalists remain male. The purpose of this paper is to detect if Spanish-language journalism is male dominated in regard to the kinds of stories male and female reporters are assigned. Through the observation of which gender gets assigned hard/soft news stories we will examine if this pattern continues in Spanish-language broadcast journalism. We will determine if stereotypes and gender roles are being reinforced in the media through the assignment of stories to reporters.
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Date Issued
2018
Identifier
CFH2000363, ucf:45711
Format
Document (PDF)
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFH2000363
PREDICTING INTENTIONS TO DONATE TO HUMAN SERVICE NONPROFITS AND PUBLIC BROADCASTING ORGANIZATIONS USING A REVISED THEORY OF PLANNED BEHAVIOR
Title
PREDICTING INTENTIONS TO DONATE TO HUMAN SERVICE NONPROFITS AND PUBLIC BROADCASTING ORGANIZATIONS USING A REVISED THEORY OF PLANNED BEHAVIOR.
Creator
Brinkerhoff, Bobbie, Kinnally, William, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description
Different types of nonprofit organizations including human service nonprofits like homeless shelters, public broadcasting organizations, and the like thrive on donations. Effective fundraising techniques are essential to a nonprofit's existence. This research study explored a revised theory of planned behavior to include guilt and convenience in order to understand whether these factors are important in donors' intentions to give. This study also examined the impact of two different kinds of...
Show moreDifferent types of nonprofit organizations including human service nonprofits like homeless shelters, public broadcasting organizations, and the like thrive on donations. Effective fundraising techniques are essential to a nonprofit's existence. This research study explored a revised theory of planned behavior to include guilt and convenience in order to understand whether these factors are important in donors' intentions to give. This study also examined the impact of two different kinds of guilt; anticipated guilt and existential guilt to determine if there was any difference between the types of guilt and the roles that they play as predicting factors in a revised TPB model. This study also explored how human service nonprofits and public broadcasting organizations compare in the factors that help better predict their donating intentions. An online survey was administered to a convenience sample, and hierarchical regression analysis was used to determine significant predicting factors within each revised TPB model. This study confirmed that the standard theory of planned behavior model was a significant predictor of intentions to donate for donors of both human service nonprofits and public broadcasting organizations. However, in both contexts, not all traditional factors of the TPB model contributed to the donation intentions. This study also provides further evidence that guilt can increase the predictive value of the standard TPB model for both types of nonprofits. Anticipated guilt more specifically, was a significant predicting factor for donors' intentions to give to public broadcasting organizations. In contrast, convenience did not affect the explanatory power of the TPB model in either context. The TPB models for the two nonprofits are compared and theoretical and practical explanations are discussed.
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Date Issued
2011
Identifier
CFE0004000, ucf:49178
Format
Document (PDF)
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0004000