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- Title
- What Killed Interactive TV? An Exploration Of Why Interactive Television Has Not Been Successful.
- Creator
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Rogak, Reuben, Peters, Philip, McDaniel, Thomas, Kim, Si Jung, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
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The objective of this thesis is to investigate the history of interactive videos and examine some possible reasons as to why they have never been successful. Because the method of interactivity is often disrupting to the narrative, I wanted to make something that was much more fluid. To this end, I produced Man Alone Interactive, a branching story that allows users to choose their path without stopping the narrative.The purpose for creating it was to see if a different interactive mechanic...
Show moreThe objective of this thesis is to investigate the history of interactive videos and examine some possible reasons as to why they have never been successful. Because the method of interactivity is often disrupting to the narrative, I wanted to make something that was much more fluid. To this end, I produced Man Alone Interactive, a branching story that allows users to choose their path without stopping the narrative.The purpose for creating it was to see if a different interactive mechanic would aid in the user immersion. In order to fully test this, two versions of the movie were created. One with the relatively standard interactive technique of stopping the story to display the choices and another that had the choices onscreen as the video progressed. The two versions were then used in a study to determine which was more engaging to users. This paper examines the research that led to the design, the process by which the story and different versions were created and the results of the study.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2014
- Identifier
- CFE0005242, ucf:50587
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0005242
- Title
- Interactive Data Visualization in Accounting Contexts: Impact on User Attitudes, Information Processing, and Decision Outcomes.
- Creator
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Osidipe, Oluwakemi, Sutton, Steven, Arnold, Vicky, Schmitt, Donna, Benford, Tanya, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
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In 2009, The United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) issued a mandate requiring public companies to provide financial information to the SEC and on their corporate Web sites in an interactive data format using the eXtensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL). This dissertation consists of three separate, but interrelated studies exploring issues related to interactive data visualization in financial reporting contexts. The first study employs theories in information systems ...
Show moreIn 2009, The United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) issued a mandate requiring public companies to provide financial information to the SEC and on their corporate Web sites in an interactive data format using the eXtensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL). This dissertation consists of three separate, but interrelated studies exploring issues related to interactive data visualization in financial reporting contexts. The first study employs theories in information systems (task-technology fit and the technology-performance chain model) and cognitive psychology (cognitive load) to examine the link between characteristics of interactive data visualization and task requirements in a financial analysis context, and the impact of that link on task performance and user attitudes towards interactive data technology use. The second study extends the first by examining the effects of prior interactive data technology use on future choice to use an interactive technology. This study uses the IS continuance model to examine antecedents to continued interactive technology use based on previous assessments of task-technology fit and performance impacts from the first study. The third study employs an elaboration likelihood model (ELM) to understand the interactivity concept and its impact on information processing and belief/attitude formation. This study examines the impact of increasing interactivity on investor perceptions of forecast credibility and on a firm's attractiveness as a potential investment choice. Overall, these three studies provide insights on factors that impact decision-making in interactive financial reporting contexts, and how characteristics of interactive data visualization impact information processing, user perceptions, and task performance.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2014
- Identifier
- CFE0005225, ucf:50634
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0005225
- Title
- Agents of Change: Producing the Palpable from the Intangible through the Human Experience.
- Creator
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Anagnoson, Chealsea, Buyssens, Ryan, Watson, Keri, Adams, JoAnne, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
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The world around us is in a continual state of change; we, as humans, are agents of change simply through our existence. Moreover, our choices become catalysts of change and have profound effects on our environments. This paper will use the chemical formula of glycolysis as an extended metaphor to expound the notion of the human existence in a continual state of change. C6H12O6 + 6(O2) --(>) 6(CO2) + 6(H2O) + ATP The above chemical formula represents glycolysis, a chemical reaction during...
Show moreThe world around us is in a continual state of change; we, as humans, are agents of change simply through our existence. Moreover, our choices become catalysts of change and have profound effects on our environments. This paper will use the chemical formula of glycolysis as an extended metaphor to expound the notion of the human existence in a continual state of change. C6H12O6 + 6(O2) --(>) 6(CO2) + 6(H2O) + ATP The above chemical formula represents glycolysis, a chemical reaction during which glucose (C6H12O6) and oxygen (6O2) combine to produce carbon dioxide (6CO2), water (6H2O), and energy (ATP). This is the first step in aerobic cellular respiration, a process that all complex organisms use to convert nutrients into usable energy.This formula metaphorically illustrates my creative process. Glucose represents the fabrication process through the combination of concepts (C6), materials (H12), and interactions (O6), with the addition of my own interactions with my environment (6O2) to produce a conceptual experience (6CO2) with a physically interactive component (6H2O) to elicit change (ATP). However, as in aerobic respiration, glycolysis is simply the first step; my finished work is only a beginning.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2017
- Identifier
- CFE0006712, ucf:51894
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0006712
- Title
- Beyond Panels Interactive Storytelling: Developing a Framework for Highly Emotive Narrative Experiences on Mobile Devices.
- Creator
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Eakins, Michael, McDaniel, Rudy, Fanfarelli, Joseph, Underberg-Goode, Natalie, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
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Balancing passive and interactive experiences within a narrative experience is an area of research that has broad applicability to the video game, cinematic, and comic book industries. Each of these media formats has attempted various experiments in interactive experience. The goal of this research was to better understand how to construct an interactive narrative experience that preserves the integrity of the author's story, but allows for inspired interaction by a willing audience. A study...
Show moreBalancing passive and interactive experiences within a narrative experience is an area of research that has broad applicability to the video game, cinematic, and comic book industries. Each of these media formats has attempted various experiments in interactive experience. The goal of this research was to better understand how to construct an interactive narrative experience that preserves the integrity of the author's story, but allows for inspired interaction by a willing audience. A study was designed to test three different conditions. The two control conditions were examples of passive narrative storytelling: the Comic Book Condition and the Cinematic Condition. The experimental condition was a hybrid format of interactive and passive storytelling, wherein the participant had the opportunity to interact with the story to further engage with the narrative world. Participants used a mobile tablet to experience each format, geared toward minimizing the separation of the participant from the story. Touch / swipe interactions were used for the hybrid format to create as intuitive of an experience as possible. Narrative Transportation, engagement, and flow were the primary evaluators of the narrative's effectiveness for each participant. An analysis of the data showed that, in general, the current Beyond Panels framework was not effective in producing higher levels of reported Narrative Transportation, engagement, or flow. However, of those participants in the Beyond Panels condition, those that interacted more consistently throughout the experience did report higher Narrative Transportation compared to those that had minimal interaction. Data was collected to better understand the relationship that optional interactivity has with these factors. The results of this study will help to further research in the areas of interactive storytelling for mobile platforms. The results will be used to continue to evolve a framework for this hybrid storytelling format called Beyond Panels.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2017
- Identifier
- CFE0007281, ucf:52154
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0007281
- Title
- STUDENT'S PERCEPTIONS OF COLLABORATION TOOLS IN A HIGHER EDUCATIONONLINE COLLABORATIVE LEARNING ENVIRONMENT.
- Creator
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Henry, Kirk, Kaplan, Jeffery, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
-
Higher education funding and student behavior has been changing rapidly (Dervarics,2008). Because of this, there has been an increased focus on the use of alternative tools for course delivery. One of the emerging areas of focus has been an increased interest in the use of communication and information technologies (Curtis & Lawson, 2001). Currently, there are a wide variety of flexible delivery methods that have been used as well as their associated tools. Naturally, questions have been...
Show moreHigher education funding and student behavior has been changing rapidly (Dervarics,2008). Because of this, there has been an increased focus on the use of alternative tools for course delivery. One of the emerging areas of focus has been an increased interest in the use of communication and information technologies (Curtis & Lawson, 2001). Currently, there are a wide variety of flexible delivery methods that have been used as well as their associated tools. Naturally, questions have been raised about the efficacy of these tools on the quality of student-student, student-teacher, and student-content interaction (Curtis & Lawson, 2001). Interaction and Collaboration may be versatile tools within the online learning environment, but the main concern for instructional designers and instructors is improving student outcomes within the online learning environment. Unfortunately, there isn't much research to guide instructors and developers as to which online collaboration tools promote transformative pedagogy, and research appears non-existent indicating the preferences of students and faculty regarding specific online collaboration tools. A host of interactive events are possible within an online learning environment. Some are viewed as essential and others may assume a more supplemental role. Participants reported that they preferred to interact with other students and their instructor using the discussion board within the online learning environment. Additionally, the participants believe that their interaction with the text was of less importance than their interaction with the instructor. Learners indicated that the discussion board was valued over all other collaboration tools available within the course. However, it is certainly possible that in other learning environments such findings may differ. Further study is needed to determine whether the initial insights of participants reflect reasonable trends in interaction or merely an isolated instance. This study was conducted using a mixed methods research approach. Mixed methods research allows the inclusion of issues and strategies that surround methods of data collection, methods of research, and related philosophical issues (Johnson, Onwuegbuzie & Turner, 2007). When qualitative and quantitative datasets are mixed, the datasets often provide richer insights into the phenomenon than if either qualitative or quantitative datasets alone were used. Additionally, using a mixed methods approach provides strengths that offset the weaknesses inherent in each sole approach (Creswell & Plano Clark, 2007; Jick, 1979). Rather than limiting the study to a single ideology, the research was able to utilize all possible methods to explore a research problem. The results of this study provide guidelines for instructional designers developing instructional strategies for online environments. The importance of well-designed instruction was reinforced by this study. The components of ÂÂÂÂ"well-designed instructionÂÂÂÂ" can span beyond stimulus-response or drill and practice activities to include a wide range of dynamic interactions using a wide range of increasingly specific tools. Such diverse interactions using the correct tools collectively comprise a dynamic learning environment encompassing one or more learning communities that can expand well beyond the restrictions of any single course selection, thereby connecting learners in unique ways.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2010
- Identifier
- CFE0003187, ucf:48603
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0003187
- Title
- Investigation of Multiscale Fluid Structure Interaction Modeling of Flow in Arterial Systems.
- Creator
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Sotelo, Sebastian, Kassab, Alain, Ilie, Marcel, Divo, Eduardo, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
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The study of hemodynamic patterns in large blood vessels, such as the ascending aortic artery, brachiocephalic trunk, right carotid artery and right subclavian artery presents the challenging complexity of vessel wall compliance induced by the high levels of shear stress gradients and blood flow pulsatility. Accurate prediction of hemodynamics in such conditions requires a complete Fluid Structure Interaction (FSI) analysis that couples the fluid flow behavior throughout the cardiac cycle...
Show moreThe study of hemodynamic patterns in large blood vessels, such as the ascending aortic artery, brachiocephalic trunk, right carotid artery and right subclavian artery presents the challenging complexity of vessel wall compliance induced by the high levels of shear stress gradients and blood flow pulsatility. Accurate prediction of hemodynamics in such conditions requires a complete Fluid Structure Interaction (FSI) analysis that couples the fluid flow behavior throughout the cardiac cycle with the structural response of the vessel walls. This research focuses on the computational study of a Multiscale Fluid-Structure Interaction on the arterial wall by coupling Finite Volumes Method (FVM) predictions of the Fluid Dynamics within the artery with Finite Elements Method (FEM) predictions of the Elasto-Dynamics response of the arterial walls and 1-D closed loop electrical circuit system to generate the dynamic pressure pulse. To this end, a commercial FVM Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) code (STAR-CCM+ 7.09.012) will be coupled through an external interface with a commercial FEM Elasto-Dynamics code (ABAQUS V6.12). The coupling interface is written in such a way that the wall shear stresses and pressures predicted by the CFD analysis will be passed as boundary conditions to the FEM structural solver. The deformations predicted by the FEM structural solver will be passed to the CFD solver to update the geometry in an implicit manner before the following iteration step. The coupling between the FSI and the 1-D closed loop lump parameter circuit updated the pressure pulse and mass flow rates generated by the circuit in an explicit manner after the periodic solution in the FSI analysis had settled. The methodology resulting from this study will be incorporated in a larger collaborative research program between UCF and ORHS that entails optimization of surgical implantation of Left Ventricular Assist Devices (LVAD) cannulae and bypass grafts with the aim to minimize thrombo-embolic events. Moreover, the work proposed will also be applied to another such collaborative project focused on the computational fluid dynamics modeling of the circulation of congenitally affected cardiovascular systems of neonates, specifically the Norwood and Hybrid Norwood circulation of children affected by the hypoplastic left heart syndrome.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2013
- Identifier
- CFE0004753, ucf:49794
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0004753
- Title
- HOW THE BODY MOVES THE MIND: EXPLORING THE EFFECTS OF PERSPECTIVE OF PHYSICAL SENSATION ON EMBODIED STATES AND PERCEPTION.
- Creator
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Satoski, Kathryn G, Chin, Matthew, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
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The purpose of this thesis is to explore how surface engagement through touch affects perception of stimuli and mood. Researchers have found psychological, physiological and cognitive benefits associated with exposure to and interaction with nature. Stress Reduction Theory with Psychoevolutionary framework, and Attention Restoration Theory are often used to explain and interpret results. However, studies that focus on individuals with negative perspectives of nature find a positive affective...
Show moreThe purpose of this thesis is to explore how surface engagement through touch affects perception of stimuli and mood. Researchers have found psychological, physiological and cognitive benefits associated with exposure to and interaction with nature. Stress Reduction Theory with Psychoevolutionary framework, and Attention Restoration Theory are often used to explain and interpret results. However, studies that focus on individuals with negative perspectives of nature find a positive affective response to nature is not universal. Rather, individuals respond differently based on their own experience with nature. Childhood exposure and culture have been found to influence attitudes towards nature. Theories of embodied cognition emphasize the importance of previously learned associations and embodied states have been found to influence judgment, experience of emotions, and physiological states. To assess whether an individual's attitude towards nature influences the embodiment of a positive or negative state, participants were randomly assigned to come into physical contact with one of four surfaces with their feet: grass, fake grass, dirt and cement. Individuals affective, cognitive and physical relationship with nature was measured with the Nature Relatedness Scale. Change in perception of neutral stimuli and mood before and after surface exposure were measured. Results suggested surfaces influenced mood in different ways, however the effects on perception were unclear. A participant's perspective of nature did not seem to influence mood change depending on surface type. Future research is needed to assess whether the shift in mood was based on metaphors of language, priming from surface texture, or a result of complex interaction between bodily sensations and cognition.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2019
- Identifier
- CFH2000487, ucf:45769
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFH2000487
- Title
- THE IMPACT OF FORMAL CLASSWIDE PEER SUPPORT TRAINING ON THE OCCURRENCE OF INITIATED AND RECIPROCAL PEER INTERACTIONS OF STUDENTS WITH SIGNIFICANT DISABILITIES IN INCLUSIVE PHYSICAL EDUCATION CLASSES.
- Creator
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Reardon, Richard, Wienke, Wilfred, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
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This research study examined the effects of classwide peer support training on the occurrence of initiated and reciprocal peer interactions of students with significant disabilities in two inclusive physical education classes. An AB research design was used to document changes in the occurrence of initiated and reciprocal peer interactions of students with significant disabilities following the provision of peer support training to all of their classmates. Four students with significant...
Show moreThis research study examined the effects of classwide peer support training on the occurrence of initiated and reciprocal peer interactions of students with significant disabilities in two inclusive physical education classes. An AB research design was used to document changes in the occurrence of initiated and reciprocal peer interactions of students with significant disabilities following the provision of peer support training to all of their classmates. Four students with significant disabilities were observed in the study and baseline and post-intervention data on the occurrence of peer interactions were collected. The peer support training was provided to classes where four students with significant disabilities were included (two students in each classroom). Thirty-seven peers in the physical education classes were taught to (a) identify expectations within a single activity designed for the entire class in which a student with significant disabilities could also participate, (b) utilize the concept of partial participation to meaningfully include a student with significant disabilities in physical education classroom activities, (c) address priority educational goals from a student's Individual Education Plan during group activities, (d) use positive feedback and reinforcement to encourage participation, (e) program and use augmentative communication devices for meaningful participation in activities occurring in a physical education classroom, and (f) employ strategies to facilitate the development of peer relations and encourage interactions in ways that provide alternatives to an overreliance on paraprofessionals. After the peer support training was provided to the students in both physical education classes, follow-up observations were conducted to determine the impact of that peer support training on the occurrence and type of peer interactions of students with significant disabilities in inclusive physical education classes. Increases in the occurrence of interactions, as well as increases in both initiated and reciprocal peer interactions were documented as additional opportunities for students with significant disabilities to interact with their classmates were created. With the total number of peer interactions increasing following the training for each of the four boys, the success of the strategies employed could lead to increased levels of acceptance and access to other areas of the general education environment alongside their peers without disabilities.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2008
- Identifier
- CFE0002277, ucf:47847
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0002277
- Title
- PARAPROFESSIONAL-IMPLEMENTED DIALOGIC READING AND ITS IMPACT ON CHILDREN WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS.
- Creator
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Irvine, Annalise D, Towson, Jacqueline, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of paraprofessional-implemented dialogic reading (DR) strategies on the comprehension, interaction, and attending abilities of a child on the autism spectrum. The secondary purpose was to understand whether the DR strategies assisted the paraprofessional in establishing meaningful interactions and positive behavioral changes with her student on the autism spectrum. A single subject across behaviors design was implemented with one...
Show moreThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of paraprofessional-implemented dialogic reading (DR) strategies on the comprehension, interaction, and attending abilities of a child on the autism spectrum. The secondary purpose was to understand whether the DR strategies assisted the paraprofessional in establishing meaningful interactions and positive behavioral changes with her student on the autism spectrum. A single subject across behaviors design was implemented with one paraprofessional and her student with autism. Judged from visual analysis of the graphical representation of the data, it was determined that there was a medium to strong functional relationship (depending on the individual strategy) between the education of the paraprofessional on DR and the utilization of DR during shared book reading. The child participant did not exhibit overt gains through traditional DR in appropriate verbal responding but did experience a shift towards more consistent correct responding as a result of the DR prompts. These results provide preliminary evidence that paraprofessionals can effectively implement DR strategies in shared book reading with children who are not typically developing. Future research for this population should address certain aspects of traditional DR that could be adapted to more appropriately cater to the needs of children on the autism spectrum.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2018
- Identifier
- CFH2000546, ucf:45615
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFH2000546
- Title
- Interactive Perception in Robotics.
- Creator
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Baghbahari Baghdadabad, Masoud, Behal, Aman, Haralambous, Michael, Lin, Mingjie, Sukthankar, Gita, Xu, Yunjun, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
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Interactive perception is a significant and unique characteristic of embodied agents. An agent can discover plenty of knowledge through active interaction with its surrounding environment. Recently, deep learning structures introduced new possibilities to interactive perception in robotics. The advantage of deep learning is in acquiring self-organizing features from gathered data; however,it is computationally impractical to implement in real-time interaction applications. Moreover, it can be...
Show moreInteractive perception is a significant and unique characteristic of embodied agents. An agent can discover plenty of knowledge through active interaction with its surrounding environment. Recently, deep learning structures introduced new possibilities to interactive perception in robotics. The advantage of deep learning is in acquiring self-organizing features from gathered data; however,it is computationally impractical to implement in real-time interaction applications. Moreover, it can be difficult to attach a physical interpretation. An alternative suggested framework in such cases is integrated perception-action.In this dissertation, we propose two integrated interactive perception-action algorithms for real-time automated grasping of novel objects using pure tactile sensing. While visual sensing andprocessing is necessary for gross reaching movements, it can slow down the grasping process if it is the only sensing modality utilized. To overcome this issue, humans primarily utilize tactile perceptiononce the hand is in contact with the object. Inspired by this, we first propose an algorithm to define similar ability for a robot by formulating the required grasping steps.Next, we develop the algorithm to achieve force closure constraint via suggesting a human-like behavior for the robot to interactively identify the object. During this process, the robot adjuststhe hand through an interactive exploration of the object's local surface normal vector. After the robot finds the surface normal vector, it then tries to find the object edges to have a graspable finalrendezvous with the object. Such achievement is very important in order to find the objects edges for rectangular objects before fully grasping the object. We implement the proposed approacheson an assistive robot to demonstrate the performance of interactive perception-action strategies to accomplish grasping task in an automatic manner.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2019
- Identifier
- CFE0007780, ucf:52361
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0007780
- Title
- THE DEVELOPMENT OF A HUMAN-CENTRIC FUZZY MATHEMATICAL MEASURE OF HUMAN ENGAGEMENT IN INTERACTIVE MULTIMEDIA SYSTEMS AND APPLICATIONS.
- Creator
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Butler, Chandre, McCauley-Bush, Pamela, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
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The utilization of fuzzy mathematical modeling for the quantification of the Human Engagement is an innovative approach within Interactive Multimedia applications (mainly video-based games designed to entertain or train participants on intended topics of interest) that can result in measurable and repeatable results. These results can then be used to generate a cogent Human Engagement definition. This research is designed to apply proven quantification techniques and Industrial/Systems...
Show moreThe utilization of fuzzy mathematical modeling for the quantification of the Human Engagement is an innovative approach within Interactive Multimedia applications (mainly video-based games designed to entertain or train participants on intended topics of interest) that can result in measurable and repeatable results. These results can then be used to generate a cogent Human Engagement definition. This research is designed to apply proven quantification techniques and Industrial/Systems Engineering methodologies to nontraditional environments such as Interactive Multimedia. The outcomes of this research will provide the foundation, initial steps and preliminary validation for the development of a systematic fuzzy theoretical model to be applied for the quantification of Human Engagement. Why is there a need for Interactive Multimedia applications in commercial and educational environments including K-20 educational systems and industry? In the latter case, the debate over education reform has drawn from referenced areas within the Industrial Engineering community including quality, continuous improvement, benchmarking and metrics development, data analysis, and scientific/systemic justification requirements. In spite of these applications, the literature does not reflect a consistent and broad application of these techniques in addressing the evaluation and quantification of Human Engagement in Interactive Multimedia. It is strongly believed that until an administrative based Human Engagement definition is created and accepted, the benefits of Interactive Multimedia may not be fully realized. The influence of gaming on society is quite apparent. For example, the increased governmental appropriations for Simulations & Modeling development as well as the estimated multi-billion dollar consumer PC/console game market are evidence of Interactive Multimedia opportunity. This body of work will identify factors that address the actual and perceived levels of Human Engagement in Interactive Multimedia systems and Virtual Environments and factor degrees of existence necessary to quantify and measure Human Engagement. Finally, the research will quantify the inputs and produce a model that provides a numeric value that defines the level of Human Engagement as it is evaluated within the interactive multimedia application area. This Human Engagement definition can then be used as the basis of study within other application areas of interest.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2010
- Identifier
- CFE0003380, ucf:48459
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0003380
- Title
- THE IMPACT OF MENTAL TRANSFORMATION TRAINING ACROSS LEVELS OF AUTOMATION ON SPATIAL AWARENESS IN HUMAN-ROBOT INTERACTION.
- Creator
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Rehfeld, Sherri, Jentsch, Florian, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
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One of the problems affecting robot operators' spatial awareness involves their ability to infer a robot's location based on the views from on-board cameras and other electro-optic systems. To understand the vehicle's location, operators typically need to translate images from a vehicle's camera into some other coordinates, such as a location on a map. This translation requires operators to relate the view by mentally rotating it along a number of axes, a task that is both...
Show moreOne of the problems affecting robot operators' spatial awareness involves their ability to infer a robot's location based on the views from on-board cameras and other electro-optic systems. To understand the vehicle's location, operators typically need to translate images from a vehicle's camera into some other coordinates, such as a location on a map. This translation requires operators to relate the view by mentally rotating it along a number of axes, a task that is both attention-demanding and workload-intensive, and one that is likely affected by individual differences in operator spatial abilities. Because building and maintaining spatial awareness is attention-demanding and workload-intensive, any variable that changes operator workload and attention should be investigated for its effects on operator spatial awareness. One of these variables is the use of automation (i.e., assigning functions to the robot). According to Malleable Attentional Resource Theory (MART), variation in workload across levels of automation affects an operator's attentional capacity to process critical cues like those that enable an operator to understand the robot's past, current, and future location. The study reported here focused on performance aspects of human-robot interaction involving ground robots (i.e., unmanned ground vehicles, or UGVs) during reconnaissance tasks. In particular, this study examined how differences in operator spatial ability and in operator workload and attention interacted to affect spatial awareness during human-robot interaction (HRI). Operator spatial abilities were systematically manipulated through the use of mental transformation training. Additionally, operator workload and attention were manipulated via the use of three different levels of automation (i.e., manual control, decision support, and full automation). Operator spatial awareness was measured by the size of errors made by the operators, when they were tasked to infer the robot's location from on-board camera views at three different points in a sequence of robot movements through a simulated military operation in urban terrain (MOUT) environment. The results showed that mental transformation training increased two areas of spatial ability, namely mental rotation and spatial visualization. Further, spatial ability in these two areas predicted performance in vehicle localization during the reconnaissance task. Finally, assistive automation showed a benefit with respect to operator workload, situation awareness, and subsequently performance. Together, the results of the study have implications with respect to the design of robots, function allocation between robots and operators, and training for spatial ability. Future research should investigate the interactive effects on operator spatial awareness of spatial ability, spatial ability training, and other variables affecting operator workload and attention.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2006
- Identifier
- CFE0001468, ucf:47102
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0001468
- Title
- MODERATORS OF TRUST AND RELIANCE ACROSS MULTIPLE DECISION AIDS.
- Creator
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Ross, Jennifer, Szalma, James, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
-
The present work examines whether user's trust of and reliance on automation, were affected by the manipulations of user's perception of the responding agent. These manipulations included agent reliability, agent type, and failure salience. Previous work has shown that automation is not uniformly beneficial; problems can occur because operators fail to rely upon automation appropriately, by either misuse (overreliance) or disuse (underreliance). This is because operators often face...
Show moreThe present work examines whether user's trust of and reliance on automation, were affected by the manipulations of user's perception of the responding agent. These manipulations included agent reliability, agent type, and failure salience. Previous work has shown that automation is not uniformly beneficial; problems can occur because operators fail to rely upon automation appropriately, by either misuse (overreliance) or disuse (underreliance). This is because operators often face difficulties in understanding how to combine their judgment with that of an automated aid. This difficulty is especially prevalent in complex tasks in which users rely heavily on automation to reduce their workload and improve task performance. However, when users rely on automation heavily they often fail to monitor the system effectively (i.e., they lose situation awareness – a form of misuse). However, if an operator realizes a system is imperfect and fails, they may subsequently lose trust in the system leading to underreliance. In the present studies, it was hypothesized that in a dual-aid environment poor reliability in one aid would impact trust and reliance levels in a companion better aid, but that this relationship is dependent upon the perceived aid type and the noticeability of the errors made. Simulations of a computer-based search-and-rescue scenario, employing uninhabited/unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs) searching a commercial office building for critical signals, were used to investigate these hypotheses. Results demonstrated that participants were able to adjust their reliance and trust on automated teammates depending on the teammate's actual reliability levels. However, as hypothesized there was a biasing effect among mixed-reliability aids for trust and reliance. That is, when operators worked with two agents of mixed-reliability, their perception of how reliable and to what degree they relied on the aid was effected by the reliability of a current aid. Additionally, the magnitude and direction of how trust and reliance were biased was contingent upon agent type (i.e., 'what' the agents were: two humans, two similar robotic agents, or two dissimilar robot agents). Finally, the type of agent an operator believed they were operating with significantly impacted their temporal reliance (i.e., reliance following an automation failure). Such that, operators were less likely to agree with a recommendation from a human teammate, after that teammate had made an obvious error, than with a robotic agent that had made the same obvious error. These results demonstrate that people are able to distinguish when an agent is performing well but that there are genuine differences in how operators respond to agents of mixed or same abilities and to errors by fellow human observers or robotic teammates. The overall goal of this research was to develop a better understanding how the aforementioned factors affect users' trust in automation so that system interfaces can be designed to facilitate users' calibration of their trust in automated aids, thus leading to improved coordination of human-automation performance. These findings have significant implications to many real-world systems in which human operators monitor the recommendations of multiple other human and/or machine systems.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2008
- Identifier
- CFE0002077, ucf:47579
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0002077
- Title
- SURVIVING REALITY: SURVIVOR & PARASOCIAL INTERACTION.
- Creator
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Davila-Rosado, Pedro, Collins, Steven, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
-
Parasocial interaction is the name that Horton & Wohl coined to describe a viewer's attachmentent toward onscreen persona that they had never physically interacted with (1956). A. Rubin, Perse, & Powell (1985) continued the research and created the Parasocial Interaction Scale. The scale has become the standard in gauging parasocial interaction in various forms of media from soap operas to newscasts. The purpose of this study was top examine parasocial interaction and see if the concept could...
Show moreParasocial interaction is the name that Horton & Wohl coined to describe a viewer's attachmentent toward onscreen persona that they had never physically interacted with (1956). A. Rubin, Perse, & Powell (1985) continued the research and created the Parasocial Interaction Scale. The scale has become the standard in gauging parasocial interaction in various forms of media from soap operas to newscasts. The purpose of this study was top examine parasocial interaction and see if the concept could be applied to the current television trend of reality television. Simultaneously, the study also examined parasocial interaction and its possible connections to loneliness, interpersonal functional alternatives, television viewing motives, exposure, gender, age, and spokesperson selection. The data for this study was collected on the Internet website www.Survivorthesis.com. More than 450 respondents attempted the survey, but only 444 were viable due to incomplete data, repetition, and lack of proof of age. The results of the study found that there was a link between parasocial interaction and loneliness, exposure, spokesperson selection, and television viewing motives. There was no correlation found between parasocial interaction and interpersonal functional alternatives, age, gender.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2006
- Identifier
- CFE0001090, ucf:46779
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0001090
- Title
- FLAME-TURBULENCE INTERACTION FOR DEFLAGRATION TO DETONATION.
- Creator
-
Chambers, Jessica, Ahmed, Kareem, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
-
Detonation is a high energetic mode of pressure gain combustion that exploits total pressure rise to augment high flow momentum and thermodynamic cycle efficiencies. Detonation is initiated through the Deflagration-to-Detonation Transition (DDT). This process occurs when a deflagrated flame is accelerated through turbulence induction, producing shock-flame interactions that generate violent explosions and a supersonic detonation wave. There is a broad desire to unravel the physical mechanisms...
Show moreDetonation is a high energetic mode of pressure gain combustion that exploits total pressure rise to augment high flow momentum and thermodynamic cycle efficiencies. Detonation is initiated through the Deflagration-to-Detonation Transition (DDT). This process occurs when a deflagrated flame is accelerated through turbulence induction, producing shock-flame interactions that generate violent explosions and a supersonic detonation wave. There is a broad desire to unravel the physical mechanisms of turbulence induced DDT. For the implementation of efficient detonation methods in propulsion and energy applications, it is crucial to understand optimum turbulence conditions for detonation initiation. The study examines the role of turbulence-flame interactions on flame acceleration using a fluidic jet to generate turbulence within the reactant flow field. The investigation aims to classify the turbulent flame dynamics and temporal evolution of the flame stages throughout the turbulent flame regimes. The flame-flow interactions are experimentally studied using a detonation facility and high-speed imaging techniques, including Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) and Schlieren flow visualization. Flow field measurements enable local turbulence characterization and analysis of flame acceleration mechanisms that result from the jet�s high level of turbulent transport. The influence of initial flame turbulence on the turbulent interaction is revealed, resulting in higher turbulence generation and overall flame acceleration. Turbulent intensities are classified, revealing a dynamic fluctuation of flame structure between the thin reaction zone and the broken reaction regime throughout the interaction.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2016
- Identifier
- CFH2000024, ucf:45578
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFH2000024
- Title
- INFLUENCING OPINIONS ABOUT BATS: THE IMPACT OF LEVELS OF INTERACTION DURING EDUCATIONAL PRESENTATIONS.
- Creator
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Hynes, Samantha, Chin, Dr. Matthew, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
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This experiment was run to see whether the educational presentations done at zoos and other educational facilities are effectively changing patrons' negative misconceptions about the animals they were seeing. Participants were invited to attend one of three educational presentations, where they were exposed to either a low, intermediate or high level of interaction involving a bat. I hypothesized that regardless of the level of interaction, participants would learn the information, but that a...
Show moreThis experiment was run to see whether the educational presentations done at zoos and other educational facilities are effectively changing patrons' negative misconceptions about the animals they were seeing. Participants were invited to attend one of three educational presentations, where they were exposed to either a low, intermediate or high level of interaction involving a bat. I hypothesized that regardless of the level of interaction, participants would learn the information, but that a higher level of interaction would cause the biggest perceptual change in terms of how participants felt about the bat and the highest degree of learning. Across the board, participants increased their factual knowledge, with no significant differences between the baseline, taxidermy or live bat conditions. The taxidermy group had the largest difference in attitude change, but the live bat did have a role in influencing participants' views as to whether bats were beneficial to the environment. These results imply that educational facilities can use a taxidermy bat or a live bat with their patrons and depending on how they utilize the inclusion of the interactive stimulus, it will cause perceptual and educational differences.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2012
- Identifier
- CFH0004300, ucf:45043
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFH0004300
- Title
- THE RISE OF INTERACTIVE CINEMA AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE FOR FILMMAKERS, AUDIENCES, AND THE EXHIBITION INDUSTRY.
- Creator
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Vazquez, Rebecca, Cook, Lisa, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
-
Traditionally, movie theater audience members are passive participants. The role of the traditional spectator is to sit down in a dark theater and watch as the film unfolds. As images flash across the screen, the audience member has no obligations. All they have to do is react. However a new, more actively engaged audience member is now emerging. The new role of the active audience member can be defined as putting a conscious effort into affecting one's own movie-watching experience. The...
Show moreTraditionally, movie theater audience members are passive participants. The role of the traditional spectator is to sit down in a dark theater and watch as the film unfolds. As images flash across the screen, the audience member has no obligations. All they have to do is react. However a new, more actively engaged audience member is now emerging. The new role of the active audience member can be defined as putting a conscious effort into affecting one's own movie-watching experience. The trend we are now seeing in cinema is that of an interactive experience in motion picture creation and exhibition, and it utilizes this updated spectator role to great effect. Whether the audience member has a role in actually making the film, as is the case with crowdsourced cinema, or if they are actively involved after the film is created, as is the case with shadow casts and "choose your own ending" movies, going to the movies has become a much more active experience. The fascinating implications of this interactive cinematic movement for artists, audiences, and the exhibition industry cannot be understated. This thesis will explore some of the biggest interactive trends in filmmaking and exhibition today, and then delve into the implications of these trends.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2011
- Identifier
- CFH0003858, ucf:44711
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFH0003858
- Title
- NONINVASIVE PHYSIOLOGICAL MEASURES AND WORKLOAD TRANSITIONS:AN INVESTIGATION OF THRESHOLDS USING MULTIPLE SYNCHRONIZED SENSORS.
- Creator
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Sciarini, Lee, Nicholson, Denise, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
-
The purpose of this study is to determine under what conditions multiple minimally intrusive physiological sensors can be used together and validly applied for use in areas which rely on adaptive systems including adaptive automation and augmented cognition. Specifically, this dissertation investigated the physiological transitions of operator state caused by changes in the level of taskload. Three questions were evaluated including (1) Do differences exist between physiological indicators...
Show moreThe purpose of this study is to determine under what conditions multiple minimally intrusive physiological sensors can be used together and validly applied for use in areas which rely on adaptive systems including adaptive automation and augmented cognition. Specifically, this dissertation investigated the physiological transitions of operator state caused by changes in the level of taskload. Three questions were evaluated including (1) Do differences exist between physiological indicators when examined between levels of difficulty? (2) Are differences of physiological indicators (which may exist) between difficulty levels affected by spatial ability? (3) Which physiological indicators (if any) account for variation in performance on a spatial task with varying difficulty levels? The Modular Cognitive State Gauge model was presented and used to determine which basic physiological sensors (EEG, ECG, EDR and eye-tracking) could validly assess changes in the utilization of two-dimensional spatial resources required to perform a spatial ability dependent task. Thirty-six volunteers (20 female, 16 male) wore minimally invasive physiological sensing devices while executing a challenging computer based puzzle task. Specifically, participants were tested with two measures of spatial ability, received training, a practice session, an experimental trial and completed a subjective workload survey. The results of this experiment confirmed that participants with low spatial ability reported higher subjective workload and performed poorer when compared to those with high spatial ability. Additionally, there were significant changes for a majority of the physiological indicators between two difficulty levels and most importantly three measures (EEG, ECG and eye-tracking) were shown to account for variability in performance on the spatial task.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2009
- Identifier
- CFE0002781, ucf:48108
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0002781
- Title
- EVELYN OFFSCREEN: AN APPLICATION OF INTERACTIVE PERFORMANCE METHODSIN ALTERNATE REALITY GAMING.
- Creator
-
Borglund, Dawn, Wirth, Jeff, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
-
For my thesis project for the Masters of Fine Art in Film and Digital Media, I designed and produced Evelyn Offscreen, an alternate reality game (ARG) that was facilitated by interactive performance. The goal was to create an interactive experience that allowed several players to collaboratively create story across numerous media within the field of alternate reality gaming. The approach used in Evelyn Offscreen was intended to provide a degree of creative freedom to the players that has not...
Show moreFor my thesis project for the Masters of Fine Art in Film and Digital Media, I designed and produced Evelyn Offscreen, an alternate reality game (ARG) that was facilitated by interactive performance. The goal was to create an interactive experience that allowed several players to collaboratively create story across numerous media within the field of alternate reality gaming. The approach used in Evelyn Offscreen was intended to provide a degree of creative freedom to the players that has not been demonstrated in other ARG experiences and to use digital media to capture information about the relative effectiveness of the different techniques that were employed. During the month of October 2009, Evelyn Offscreen invited players to participate in an overarching story as characters. The game existed simultaneously through several media platforms such as Ning, twitter, and blogger as well as scenes located in Central Florida where players could embody their character in a real world setting. The results revealed insights into techniques for massive collaboration of story and player reactions to this hybrid form of alternate reality gaming and interactive performance.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2010
- Identifier
- CFE0003059, ucf:48321
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0003059
- Title
- Size, Shape, Composition and Chemical state effects in nanocatalysis.
- Creator
-
Ahmadi, Mahdi, Roldan Cuenya, Beatriz, Rahman, Talat, Kara, Abdelkader, Coffey, Kevin, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
-
The field of nanocatalysis has gained significant attention in the last decades due to the numerous industrial applications of nanosized catalysts. Size, shape, structure, and composition of the nanoparticles (NPs) are the parameters that can affect the reactivity, selectivity and stability of nanocatalysts. Therefore, understanding how these parameters affect the catalytic properties of these systems is required in order to engineer them with a given desired performance. It is also important...
Show moreThe field of nanocatalysis has gained significant attention in the last decades due to the numerous industrial applications of nanosized catalysts. Size, shape, structure, and composition of the nanoparticles (NPs) are the parameters that can affect the reactivity, selectivity and stability of nanocatalysts. Therefore, understanding how these parameters affect the catalytic properties of these systems is required in order to engineer them with a given desired performance. It is also important to gain insight into the structural evolution of the NP catalysts under different reaction conditions to design catalysts with long durability under reaction condition. In this dissertation a synergistic combination of in situ, ex situ and operando state-of-the art techniques have allowed me to explore a variety of parameters and phenomena relevant to nanocatalysts by systematically tuning the NP size, chemical state, composition and chemical environment.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2016
- Identifier
- CFE0006243, ucf:51084
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0006243
