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- Title
- Plugging Up the Leaky STEM Pipeline with a Stereotype Threat Mentoring Intervention.
- Creator
-
Xavier, Luiz, Fritzsche, Barbara, Szalma, James, Jentsch, Kimberly, Ben-Zeev, Avi, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
-
The present study compared the effectiveness of different mentoring programs at reducing feelings of stereotype threat experienced by women in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) fields. Stereotype threat refers to the extra pressure a person feels to disprove a negative stereotype that applies to him or her. Because stereotype threat has been found to undermine performance and interest in stereotyped domains, it may be a key factor contributing to female underrepresentation in...
Show moreThe present study compared the effectiveness of different mentoring programs at reducing feelings of stereotype threat experienced by women in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) fields. Stereotype threat refers to the extra pressure a person feels to disprove a negative stereotype that applies to him or her. Because stereotype threat has been found to undermine performance and interest in stereotyped domains, it may be a key factor contributing to female underrepresentation in STEM fields. Mentors and prot(&)#233;g(&)#233;s were placed in either a stereotype threat reduction condition in which mentors and prot(&)#233;g(&)#233;s were encouraged to participate in discussions designed to reduce stereotype threat, an academic condition in which mentors and prot(&)#233;g(&)#233;s were encouraged to discuss academic goals and challenges, or a non-academic condition in which mentors and prot(&)#233;g(&)#233;s were encouraged to discuss the challenges of balancing non-school commitments. It was hypothesized that mentoring that focused specifically on stereotype threat reduction would be the most effective in reducing stereotype threat and increasing intentions to remain in STEM fields. In addition, it was hypothesized that stereotype threat reduction mentoring would be the most effective at increasing beliefs in an incremental theory of intelligence (i.e., the belief that intelligence can be developed through hard work) and decreasing beliefs in an entity theory of intelligence (i.e., the belief that intelligence is innate and is unalterable). Mentors were 36 male and 74 female upper-level STEM college students and prot(&)#233;g(&)#233;s were 137 female lower-level STEM college students. Participants met online for 30 minutes, once per week, for 3 weeks. Results indicated that both mentors and prot(&)#233;g(&)#233;s in the stereotype threat reduction mentoring condition reported feeling less stereotype threat in their STEM classes than mentors and prot(&)#233;g(&)#233;s in the other mentoring conditions. Additionally, the frequency in which self-theories were discussed in the mentoring sessions partially mediated the effects of the stereotype threat reduction condition on prot(&)#233;g(&)#233;s' feelings of stereotype threat in their STEM classes. Mentors and prot(&)#233;g(&)#233;s in the stereotype threat reduction mentoring condition also reported endorsing incremental theories of intelligence more and endorsing entity theories of intelligence less than mentors and prot(&)#233;g(&)#233;s in the other conditions. In summary, the present study's findings suggest that in order maximum stereotype threat reduction to occur in a mentoring relationship, mentors and prot(&)#233;g(&)#233;s engage in activities and discussions designed to reduce stereotype threat. Given that prior research has found that decreased stereotype threat, decreased entity theories of intelligence, and increased incremental theories of intelligence are associated with greater interest and performance in STEM domains, the utilization of a stereotype threat reduction mentoring program can help address the underrepresentation of women in science, technology, engineering, and math related fields.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2014
- Identifier
- CFE0005445, ucf:50372
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0005445
- Title
- AN EXPLORATION OF TEXT AND ILLUSTRATIONS FOR IMPLICIT AND EXPLICIT GENDER BIAS AND STEREOTYPES IN CALDECOTT AWARD AND HONOR BOOKS FROM 2001-2014.
- Creator
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Kunkel, Jessica, Wenzel, Taylar, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
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Children's literature is a critical aspect during a child's development; the messages portrayed in children's books can affect the development of gender identity in young children and can affect how a child with act and perceive the world around them in the future (Tsao, 2008). Expanding on this research this study aimed to determine if award winning children's literature contained implicit and explicit gender stereotypes and biases in the illustrations and text. The sample examined was...
Show moreChildren's literature is a critical aspect during a child's development; the messages portrayed in children's books can affect the development of gender identity in young children and can affect how a child with act and perceive the world around them in the future (Tsao, 2008). Expanding on this research this study aimed to determine if award winning children's literature contained implicit and explicit gender stereotypes and biases in the illustrations and text. The sample examined was Caldecott Award and Honor books from 2001 through 2014; the sample size was did not include biographies, autobiographies, informational books, concept books, poetry, and science fiction. This study only examined works of fiction and each book was examined, read, and analyzed. Following the methodology of various studies, a three part Data Collection Instrument was used: book identification, frequency analysis of illustrations, and a character analysis. This research attempted to answer the following questions: (1) Is there evidence of gender stereotypes in the written depiction of characters in Caldecott Award and Honor books award between 2001 and 2014?, (2) Is there evidence of gender stereotypes in the illustrated depictions of characters in Caldecott Award and Honor books award between 2001 and 2014?, and (3) Are males' and females' roles and attributes represented equally through the text and illustrations? This research aimed at examining whether gender biases and stereotypes still existed in the text and illustrations and if so, to what extent.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2015
- Identifier
- CFH0004791, ucf:45327
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFH0004791
- Title
- GENDER STEREOTYPES AND THE GOVERNOR'S MANSION.
- Creator
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Mathews, Adrienne, Fine, Terri, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
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This study analyzes the effects of gender stereotypes on women gubernatorial candidates in the post "Year of the Woman" era to determine whether or not the electoral gains made by women running for legislative office in 1992 also extended to women contesting executive elections in subsequent years. This study proceeds in two parts. The first part of this study provides an empirical analysis of contextual and candidate specific factors thought to affect the way in which gender stereotypes...
Show moreThis study analyzes the effects of gender stereotypes on women gubernatorial candidates in the post "Year of the Woman" era to determine whether or not the electoral gains made by women running for legislative office in 1992 also extended to women contesting executive elections in subsequent years. This study proceeds in two parts. The first part of this study provides an empirical analysis of contextual and candidate specific factors thought to affect the way in which gender stereotypes surface during gubernatorial campaigns and how they affect women candidates accordingly. The contextual factors include state culture, party dominance, and tradition of electing women in each state. Candidate specific factors include prior campaign and or office holding experience. The second part of this study adopts a case study approach and focuses on two gubernatorial elections – New Jersey and Virginia – to provide a more detailed examination of how gender stereotypes emerge when women are candidates for governor. The findings from the empirical analysis show that women are more likely to contest gubernatorial elections that are Democratic in their partisanship and non-traditionalist in their political culture. However, these variables did not explain whether women were successful in winning gubernatorial elections. The second part of the analysis expanded on these findings by examining the dominant role gender stereotypes played in a traditionalistic state (Virginia) and the minimal role they played in a non-traditionalistic state (New Jersey). Generalizations were made based on the findings that indicate the importance of the campaign in light of contextual factors and how this affects women candidates in executive elections. Recommendations for a future research agenda regarding elections in which women are candidates for various levels of office are also discussed.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2006
- Identifier
- CFE0001057, ucf:46802
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0001057
- Title
- SEXUAL CONTENT IN MUSIC LYRICS AND THEIR EFFECTS ON SEXUAL COGNITION.
- Creator
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Nowotny, Nicole, Wright, Chrysalis L., University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
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The purpose of this study was to examine the sexual content found in music lyrics of different genres and their relationship to specific sexual cognitions. The study included 902 participants, both male and female, belonging to various ethnic backgrounds, ages 18 and up. It was hypothesized that listening to music containing frequent sexual lyrics will have an affect on men and women�s sexual cognitive beliefs. Results indicated that there was a relationship between frequency of sexually...
Show moreThe purpose of this study was to examine the sexual content found in music lyrics of different genres and their relationship to specific sexual cognitions. The study included 902 participants, both male and female, belonging to various ethnic backgrounds, ages 18 and up. It was hypothesized that listening to music containing frequent sexual lyrics will have an affect on men and women�s sexual cognitive beliefs. Results indicated that there was a relationship between frequency of sexually explicit lyrics and views on sexual cognitions. The breakdown by genre shows a more detailed relationship between the lyrics and sexual cognitions. Overall, the results supported the notion that frequent exposure to sexually explicit lyrics has a significant relationship to sexual cognitions.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2016
- Identifier
- CFH2000009, ucf:45603
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFH2000009
- Title
- The Priming Effects of Media Frames in Regard to News Images and Stereotypes Held by Hispanic Audiences.
- Creator
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Morris, Meredith, Kinnally, William, Voss, Kimberly, Brown, Timothy, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
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This study applies priming, framing, and exemplification theories to examine the ways in which photos published with a news story influenced readers' judgments about the ethnicities of the people receiving emergency hunger services. Of particular interest were the perceptions of Caucasian respondents about minorities, and Hispanic perceptions about African Americans and other Hispanics. A sample of 506 college students was randomly assigned to read one of three versions of an online news...
Show moreThis study applies priming, framing, and exemplification theories to examine the ways in which photos published with a news story influenced readers' judgments about the ethnicities of the people receiving emergency hunger services. Of particular interest were the perceptions of Caucasian respondents about minorities, and Hispanic perceptions about African Americans and other Hispanics. A sample of 506 college students was randomly assigned to read one of three versions of an online news article about emergency hunger services in Central Florida. One version included two photographs of African American adults receiving food at a food bank. The second version included two photographs of Hispanic adults receiving food at a food bank. The third version was text-only and included no photographs. All three articles included base-rate statistics of ethnicities using emergency hunger services. Results showed images influence the way Caucasians and Hispanics perceive those people suffering from hunger. Key findings included that Caucasians in the study were susceptible to Hispanic primes, which altered their views on their perceptions about the number of Hispanics receiving emergency food services. However, Caucasians' perceptions of African Americans did not change. Additionally, Hispanic participants were affected by primes in such a way that limitations on societal advancement were perceived more strongly than those of the Caucasian participants. The difference between Caucasians' stereotypes regarding African Americans and Hispanics is an interesting development. The role of priming stereotype in relation to social issues is discussed.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2013
- Identifier
- CFE0004894, ucf:49667
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0004894
- Title
- Exploring Stereotype Threat in the Workplace with Sexual Minorities.
- Creator
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Sanz, Elizabeth, Fritzsche, Barbara, Joseph, Dana, Negy, Charles, Parks, Kizzy, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
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Sexual minorities are the target of numerous negative stereotypes in the United States, and are sometimes perceived as deviant and devalued as compared to heterosexuals. Stereotype threat, the anxiety of confirming a negative stereotype about oneself or one's group, has been linked to perceived stress; and stress has been linked to low job satisfaction. Sexual minorities provide a unique test of stereotype threat theory because they may choose to conceal their minority status at work. Thus,...
Show moreSexual minorities are the target of numerous negative stereotypes in the United States, and are sometimes perceived as deviant and devalued as compared to heterosexuals. Stereotype threat, the anxiety of confirming a negative stereotype about oneself or one's group, has been linked to perceived stress; and stress has been linked to low job satisfaction. Sexual minorities provide a unique test of stereotype threat theory because they may choose to conceal their minority status at work. Thus, this study also examines whether the visibility of the stigma is a necessary precursor to the experience of stereotype threat. Given the uniqueness of this population, a new and presumably more comprehensive model of stereotype threat (the Multi-Threat Framework) was also examined to ensure that stereotype threat was being adequately measured by examining every possible type of stereotype threat. Job satisfaction has been linked to many organizational outcomes such as poor performance, absenteeism, and turnover intentions; thus, it is important to examine predictors of low job satisfaction. Thus, the current study tested perceived stress as a mediator between stereotype threat and low job satisfaction in a sample of 150 sexual minorities who were employed full time. Internalized homophobia was predicted to moderate the relation between stereotype threat and perceived stress. Results indicated support for the moderated mediation model using only the traditional measure of stereotype threat; that is, stereotype threat predicted low job satisfaction through job stress. Moreover, at high levels of internalized homophobia, individuals reported high job stress, regardless of levels of experienced stereotype threat. However, those with low internalized homophobia reported high job stress only when stereotype threat was high. No differences were found with regards to degree of concealing, suggesting that the deleterious effects of high stereotype threat on job stress occurred regardless of whether participants were concealing. Additionally, the moderated mediation model was not supported when measured using the new Multi-Threat Framework, suggesting that the measure may not be measuring the same construct as the traditional measure. Finally, results suggest that stereotype threat added significant incremental validity in predicting job dissatisfaction over perceived discrimination. These findings, in total, suggest that stereotype threat is a valuable construct for predicting negative work outcomes for stigmatized individuals. Implications for improving the work lives of sexual minorities were discussed.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2014
- Identifier
- CFE0005409, ucf:50434
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0005409
- Title
- Age-Typing Across Occupations: When, Where, and Why Occupational Age-Typing Exists.
- Creator
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Reeves, Michael, Fritzsche, Barbara, Dipboye, Robert, Smither, Janan, Matusitz, Jonahan, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
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The present study sought to determine the direction and degree to which occupations representative of all major occupational categories are viewed as age-typed (i.e., more appropriate for older or younger workers). The 60 occupations examined were the 12 most common and familiar occupations in each of five occupational categories used by the U.S. Census Bureau. I randomly assigned 365 participants to one of three survey conditions. Participants rated the feature centrality, proportional...
Show moreThe present study sought to determine the direction and degree to which occupations representative of all major occupational categories are viewed as age-typed (i.e., more appropriate for older or younger workers). The 60 occupations examined were the 12 most common and familiar occupations in each of five occupational categories used by the U.S. Census Bureau. I randomly assigned 365 participants to one of three survey conditions. Participants rated the feature centrality, proportional representation, normative age, and optimal performance age of 20 of the 60 occupations and the age-type of 20 different occupations. Results showed that participants reliably rated the occupations on a continuum from highly young-typed to highly old-typed. Occupations viewed as most appropriate for older workers included psychologists (clinical), bus drivers, and librarians, whereas those viewed as most appropriate for younger workers included recreation and fitness workers, bartenders, and hosts/hostesses. Interestingly, despite commonly held stereotypes that older workers are less competent than younger workers (Kite, Stockdale, Whitley, (&) Johnson, 2005), old-typed occupations were viewed as requiring higher competence than those viewed as young-typed. Additionally, roughly three times as many workers are needed to fill the most young-typed jobs compared to the most old-typed jobs (U.S. Census Bureau, 2000). Both of these findings suggest problems for an increasingly aging workforce (Administration of Aging, 2010). I also found that perceived proportional representation accounted for 79% of the variance in predicting the age-type of occupations. This suggests that people rely on general impressions of current worker ages, which supports career timetables theory's approach to the formation of occupational age-type. Implications for theory and research are discussed.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2011
- Identifier
- CFE0004156, ucf:49046
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0004156
- Title
- THE LABEL OF MADNESS: THE EFFECTS OF CAREER CHOICE AND GENDER ON PERCEPTIONS OF MENTAL ILLNESS.
- Creator
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Vanella, Angela, Whitten, Shannon, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
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People with creative abilities have often been stereotyped as insane, neurotic, and prone to addiction (Kaufman, Bromley, & Cole, 2006; Corrigan, 2005). These labels have perpetuated the stigma for many generations (Ludwig, 1995). In addition, females have often been stereotyped as "bad at math," but are assumed to be more verbal and creative (Quinn & Spencer, 2001). The present study hypothesized that creative writers would be stereotyped as more mentally ill, neurotic, and addicted to...
Show morePeople with creative abilities have often been stereotyped as insane, neurotic, and prone to addiction (Kaufman, Bromley, & Cole, 2006; Corrigan, 2005). These labels have perpetuated the stigma for many generations (Ludwig, 1995). In addition, females have often been stereotyped as "bad at math," but are assumed to be more verbal and creative (Quinn & Spencer, 2001). The present study hypothesized that creative writers would be stereotyped as more mentally ill, neurotic, and addicted to substances compared to scientists. It was also predicted that gender would exacerbate the phenomenon such that females would be particularly vulnerable to this stereotype. Statistical analyses revealed some interesting gender by major interactions: female creative writers were perceived as the most mentally ill, but were closely followed by male science majors. Male creative writers were actually perceived to have a relatively low level of mental illness. Interestingly, male scientists were rated as having the highest levels of drug and alcohol abuse, whereas male creative writers were perceived to have relatively fewer symptoms of substance abuse. The reverse pattern was true for females. This research confirmed the stereotype of insanity among artists for females but also revealed a tendency towards pathology-based stereotyping of male scientists. Stereotypes negatively affect the targeted populations and perpetuate the stigmas against them. This research attempted to advance understanding as an initial step towards alleviating unwarranted stereotypes.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2013
- Identifier
- CFH0004384, ucf:44983
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFH0004384
- Title
- PERCEIVED GENDER AND ITS EFFECT ON ATTRIBUTIONS TOWARD AVATARS IN THE VIDEO GAME SPORE.
- Creator
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Sweeney, Victoria, Sims, Valerie, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
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In this study, 174 undergraduates from the University of Central Florida were asked to rate individual human and animal avatar features from the video game Spore on their level of femininity, masculinity, likability, and how well the feature represented them on a 7 point Likert scale of agreeability. Avatar features were presented on a neutral gray, quadruped body in two different views. It was expected that participants would show higher likability for avatar features that they perceived as...
Show moreIn this study, 174 undergraduates from the University of Central Florida were asked to rate individual human and animal avatar features from the video game Spore on their level of femininity, masculinity, likability, and how well the feature represented them on a 7 point Likert scale of agreeability. Avatar features were presented on a neutral gray, quadruped body in two different views. It was expected that participants would show higher likability for avatar features that they perceived as corresponding to their Personal Attribute Questionnaire (PAQ) gender. Males liked feminine features approximately the same as females, however, in many categories females liked the most masculine features more than the most feminine features. Males liked the most masculine body detail feature more than females, and females liked the most masculine body detail more than males. It also was anticipated that avatar features rated as having both low femininity and low masculinity would be the features rated lowest in likability overall. These features did not have the lowest likability, but were somewhat close to neutral in likability. These results have implications for likable avatar creation for businesses, the military, and education.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2011
- Identifier
- CFH0003815, ucf:44714
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFH0003815
- Title
- BEYOND PERFORMANCE: PORTRAYING A GAY CHARACTER TRUTHFULLY AND EFFECTIVELY.
- Creator
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Fucci, Bryan, Ingram, Katherine, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
-
Queer culture is finding an ever-increasing voice in the arts. Plays like The Laramie Project, Rent, and Angels in America have contributed to making queer identity a very present voice in popular culture. In this thesis, I investigate the excitement and complexity of a straight actor becoming a gay character on stage. Using my interpretation of "Jack" in Debbie Lamedman's new play, Triangle Logic, as a case study, I catalogue a three-month journey towards the effective embrace of...
Show moreQueer culture is finding an ever-increasing voice in the arts. Plays like The Laramie Project, Rent, and Angels in America have contributed to making queer identity a very present voice in popular culture. In this thesis, I investigate the excitement and complexity of a straight actor becoming a gay character on stage. Using my interpretation of "Jack" in Debbie Lamedman's new play, Triangle Logic, as a case study, I catalogue a three-month journey towards the effective embrace of truthfulness on stage. I expand the idea that actors must not layer on possibly offensive stereotypes to convey sexuality, but, instead, focus on telling the story through honest character relationships.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2011
- Identifier
- CFE0003626, ucf:48892
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0003626
- Title
- Stereotypes, Perceptions of Similarity, and Cultural Identity: Factors That May Influence the Academic Achievement of Immigrant Students.
- Creator
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Fagan, Tamara, Szente, Judit, Eriksson, Gillian, Englehart, Deirdre, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
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For decades, the United States has been known as the nation of immigrants due to the increasing number of immigrant students in the public school system. Although the population of immigrant students steadily increases annually, American society still pressures immigrants into acculturation to fulfill the United States ideals of academic achievement despite the United States claim of multiculturalism (Malcolm (&) Lowery, 2011). This research focuses on 1st- and 2nd generation immigrant...
Show moreFor decades, the United States has been known as the nation of immigrants due to the increasing number of immigrant students in the public school system. Although the population of immigrant students steadily increases annually, American society still pressures immigrants into acculturation to fulfill the United States ideals of academic achievement despite the United States claim of multiculturalism (Malcolm (&) Lowery, 2011). This research focuses on 1st- and 2nd generation immigrant students' strife of acceptance in U.S. culture, while sill preserving their own native culture, and the influence it has on academic achievement.The researcher interviewed eight (8) adult participants who are either 1st- or 2nd generation immigrant college students. This qualitative case study research aims to determine if forced acculturation or assimilation using stereotypes and perceptions of similarity effects how immigrant students develop their cultural identity, and the influence it has on academic achievement. Four major themes emerged from the participants' responses: parental approval, peer pressure, environmental influence, and feelings about their ethnic group. Basic findings supported that immigrant students' cultural identity is threatened by stereotypes and perceptions of similarity.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2013
- Identifier
- CFE0004996, ucf:49554
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0004996
- Title
- The Workplace Consequences of Obesity: Impacts on the Organization, the Employee, and the Proximal Coworker.
- Creator
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Johnson, Michael, Schminke, Marshall, Folger, Robert, Taylor, Shannon, Galperin, Bella, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
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Obesity is a condition affecting billions of people around the world. Its societal, psychological, and health outcomes have been well documented across multiple disciplines. Moreover, obesity leads to serious workplace outcomes for the organization, the obese individual, and the coworkers working around the obese employee. With this multi-chapter dissertation, I review the literature on the workplace consequences of obesity and extend one potentially fruitful area within this literature base:...
Show moreObesity is a condition affecting billions of people around the world. Its societal, psychological, and health outcomes have been well documented across multiple disciplines. Moreover, obesity leads to serious workplace outcomes for the organization, the obese individual, and the coworkers working around the obese employee. With this multi-chapter dissertation, I review the literature on the workplace consequences of obesity and extend one potentially fruitful area within this literature base: obesity's impact on a proximal employee.Chapter 1 reviews the workplace consequences associated with obesity. The purpose is to evaluate and integrate this multidisciplinary literature so that management scholars can take up the study of obesity. Although a limited amount of work is being done in management, this work is stagnant and ignoring the larger body of literature from other areas. Addressing this weakness, this chapter accomplishes three goals. First, it reviews the empirical literature and conceptual foundations that have examined the workplace consequences of obesity. Second, it develops an integrated conceptual model of obesity's impact on workplace outcomes, with particular attention to the processes by which obesity is associated with these outcomes. Third, it presents key unanswered questions and directions for future research.Chapter 2 explores a new target for the impact of obesity, the non-obese coworker working around the obese employee. This chapter considers how an employee's obesity can affect a proximal coworker's job performance. To do so, it considers the three people: an observer (Person A), an obese employee (Person B), and a non-obese coworker (Person C). To date, the main theoretical framework has only considered ratings in the mind of an observer (Person A) and how the negative attitudes associated with obesity (Person B) can spill over onto a proximal worker (Person C). This leads an observer (Person A) to rate the coworker's (Person C) performance more negatively than a coworker not working around an obese employee (Person B). However, beyond the impact of obesity on the subjective evaluations by an observer (Person A), there is reason to believe that the non-obese employee (Person C) may be impacted in such a way to affect actual job performance. Accordingly, I competitively test three theoretical perspectives that may explain the processes by which a coworker's obesity (Person B) may impact a proximal coworker's (Person C) job performance. One of these perspectives (stereotype activation theory), receives consistent support across samples.Chapter 3 presents a concluding discussion. I consider lessons learned from Chapter 2 and integrate these with the literature reviewed in Chapter 1.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2017
- Identifier
- CFE0006608, ucf:51270
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0006608
- Title
- BEFORE AND AFTER 9/11: THE PORTRAYAL OF ARAB AMERICANS IN U.S. NEWSPAPERS.
- Creator
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Parker, Cherie, Sadri, Houman, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
-
This research project will determine whether or not Arab Americans are portrayed as members of an out-group, in-group, or victim following the events of 9/11. This study improves upon previous research by analyzing the content of newspaper articles in USA Today, The New York Times, and The Washington Post pertaining to Arab Americans. Since the majority of research indicated the mass media has a tendency to perpetuate a negative stereotype of minorities and of Arabs, it was expected that the...
Show moreThis research project will determine whether or not Arab Americans are portrayed as members of an out-group, in-group, or victim following the events of 9/11. This study improves upon previous research by analyzing the content of newspaper articles in USA Today, The New York Times, and The Washington Post pertaining to Arab Americans. Since the majority of research indicated the mass media has a tendency to perpetuate a negative stereotype of minorities and of Arabs, it was expected that the media would portray a negative stereotype of Arab Americans as well. The content analysis addressed the coverage of Arab Americans in the five years before and the five years after 9/11 in order to determine to what extent Arab Americans were depicted as members of an in-group, out-group, or victim following that date. A total of 1379 articles were analyzed placed into the social categories of in-group, out-group, or victim utilizing a clearly defined coding method. Findings showed that overall Arab Americans were depicted as members of an out-group more than they were depicted as members of an in-group or victim. Since the total number of articles dramatically increased following 9/11, the number of articles placing Arab Americans as members of an in-group, out-group, or victim increased accordingly. However, approximately three years after 9/11, the number of articles pertaining to Arab Americans began returning to pre-9/11 levels. While the number of articles placing Arab Americans as members of an in-group or victim increased immediately following 9/11, articles in both social categories steadily declined following 9/11. While the number of articles placing Arab Americans as members of an out-group decreased in the year immediately following 9/11, the number of articles placing Arab Americans as members of an out-group steadily increased following 9/11.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2008
- Identifier
- CFE0002041, ucf:47568
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0002041
- Title
- AN EXPLORATION OF TEACHER PERSPECTIVES OF MATHEMATICS ANXIETY AND GENDER STEREOTYPING.
- Creator
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Browning, Jessica, Gresham, Regina, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
-
The purpose of this study was to identify the current perspective of grades three through twelve in-service teachers regarding mathematics anxiety, its causes, and its relation to gender stereotyping. A short online survey was conducted to gain insight into their classrooms and perspectives of the subject. The results showed that mathematics anxiety did exist in the classroom, and in-service teachers did report seeing a gender gap between the anxiety experienced by females and males. I...
Show moreThe purpose of this study was to identify the current perspective of grades three through twelve in-service teachers regarding mathematics anxiety, its causes, and its relation to gender stereotyping. A short online survey was conducted to gain insight into their classrooms and perspectives of the subject. The results showed that mathematics anxiety did exist in the classroom, and in-service teachers did report seeing a gender gap between the anxiety experienced by females and males. I believe that from these findings it is important to conduct further research on in-service teachers to see in depth what they think. This is important because their beliefs about the subject can have a lasting impact on their students and their feelings towards mathematics.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2015
- Identifier
- CFH0004756, ucf:45347
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFH0004756
- Title
- PERCEPTION OF MENTAL ILLNESS BASED UPON ITS PORTRAYAL IN FILM.
- Creator
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Hanley, Erika, Donley, Amy, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
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Perceptions can be influenced by the media concerning different groups of people. As a result of the importance of the media in how individuals obtain information and formulate opinions, how different groups are presented whether negatively or positively is important. This research examines the portrayal of mental illness in films and the impact that such portrayals have on the perceptions of mental illness of the viewers. Mental illness representations can be found quite prevalently among...
Show morePerceptions can be influenced by the media concerning different groups of people. As a result of the importance of the media in how individuals obtain information and formulate opinions, how different groups are presented whether negatively or positively is important. This research examines the portrayal of mental illness in films and the impact that such portrayals have on the perceptions of mental illness of the viewers. Mental illness representations can be found quite prevalently among film and the way in which it is represented can be important as to how populations perceive those with mental disorders. This thesis looks to explore perceptions of mental illness and beliefs from those who have viewed films that portray characters with mental disorders. Through the use of an online survey, one hundred and ninety five participants provided data for this study. Based on previous research, it was hypothesized that individuals who had seen more films portraying mental illness would have more knowledge and sympathy regarding mental illness compared those who had seen less films portraying mental illness. It was also hypothesized that social stereotypes surrounding mental disorders would be present in the knowledge that individuals had more so than factual data about mental disorders. Women were predicted to express more sympathy than men. A statistical analysis program was used to analyze the resulting data including the use of correlations and t-tests. Evidence indicated that the amount of films viewed portraying mental illness did not have an impact on knowledge or sympathy regarding mental illness. Perceptions of mental illness are still a relevant topic and the awareness of facts surrounding mental disorders should continue to be spread.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2015
- Identifier
- CFH0004848, ucf:45441
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFH0004848
- Title
- The Darkside of Stereotypes: The Effects of Crime in the Media on Racial Identity and Emotions.
- Creator
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Campbell, Shantel, Rubenking, Bridget, Kinnally, William, Neuberger, Lindsay, Signorielli, Nancy, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
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This study investigated how the image of Black criminality in the media affects the racial identity and emotions of Blacks. It also examined how the image of White criminality affects the racial identity and emotions of Whites as a point of comparison. These effects were studied through the lens of self-categorization theory and inter-group emotions theory. SCT posits that a person's biases are a result of how relevant their social identity is to their self-concept. IET posits that the...
Show moreThis study investigated how the image of Black criminality in the media affects the racial identity and emotions of Blacks. It also examined how the image of White criminality affects the racial identity and emotions of Whites as a point of comparison. These effects were studied through the lens of self-categorization theory and inter-group emotions theory. SCT posits that a person's biases are a result of how relevant their social identity is to their self-concept. IET posits that the emotions a person feels are derived from the social group they belong to.This study analyzed 369 responses from participants who were presented with Twitter news pages that presented all Black crime stories, all White crime stories, or negative (no race) stories. Findings showed that both Blacks and Whites decreased self-categorization with their race after viewing same-race criminality news stories. It also found that emotions were affected by content of the newsfeed. Lastly, the study found significant differences in self-categorization based on level of identification.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2015
- Identifier
- CFE0005769, ucf:50111
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0005769
- Title
- NOT REALLY BOLLYWOOD:A HISTORY OF POPULAR HINDI FILMS, SONGS, AND DANCE WITH PEDAGOGICAL APPLICATIONS FOR UNDERSTANDING INDIAN HISTORY AND CULTURE.
- Creator
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Nayee, Sanjana, Kaplan, Jeffrey, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
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Contemporary fascination with 'Bollywood' proliferates much of reality TV dance shows, media blurbs and other communicative outlets. These avenues homogenize India as 'Bollywood', while social and political outlets place Indians and people of South Asian descent into fitted stereotypes that are ridiculed and largely distorted. The intent of this thesis was to explore how the growing international intrigues of popular Hindi films exist beyond 'Bollywood'. This study is especially important...
Show moreContemporary fascination with 'Bollywood' proliferates much of reality TV dance shows, media blurbs and other communicative outlets. These avenues homogenize India as 'Bollywood', while social and political outlets place Indians and people of South Asian descent into fitted stereotypes that are ridiculed and largely distorted. The intent of this thesis was to explore how the growing international intrigues of popular Hindi films exist beyond 'Bollywood'. This study is especially important because current U.S. demographics are undergoing a 'browning' effect yet a comprehensive method for understanding South Asian peoples and their cultures have been isolated to terrorist 'breeders', the model minority or as products primed for consumption. This thesis discusses the history of popular Hindi popular cinema, its changing methods of songs and dance and includes options of pedagogical applications within secondary level classrooms. In short, this thesis is an effort to highlight the similarities present amongst the differences that are consciously and unconsciously created or implicitly believed by the general population when attempting to decipher the many different components that exist across South Asian cultures, ethnicities, traditions, histories and identities.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2012
- Identifier
- CFH0004309, ucf:45055
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFH0004309
- Title
- The Challenges of Young-Typed Jobs and How Older Workers Adapt.
- Creator
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Reeves, Michael, Fritzsche, Barbara, Dipboye, Robert, Matusitz, Jonathan, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
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This study sought to explore the challenges faced by older workers who do not fit the age-type of their jobs and how older workers adapt to overcome those challenges. Specifically, I surveyed a national sample of 227 workers 50 years of age and older, in a wide variety of jobs, on measures of perceived age discrimination and adaptation behaviors. I found that fit, as determined by career timetables theory, but not prototype matching theory, successfully predicted perceived age discrimination....
Show moreThis study sought to explore the challenges faced by older workers who do not fit the age-type of their jobs and how older workers adapt to overcome those challenges. Specifically, I surveyed a national sample of 227 workers 50 years of age and older, in a wide variety of jobs, on measures of perceived age discrimination and adaptation behaviors. I found that fit, as determined by career timetables theory, but not prototype matching theory, successfully predicted perceived age discrimination. Specifically, more age discrimination was perceived when fewer older workers occupied a job. Additionally, multiple regression analysis showed that career timetables theory, prototype matching theory, and measures of perceived discrimination interacted to predict adaptation behaviors. That is, older workers made more efforts appear younger at work when they perceived age discrimination in jobs occupied by fewer older workers and older women expressed greater desires to appear younger at work when they perceived age discrimination in jobs viewed as more appropriate for younger workers. Although older workers made a wide variety of efforts to appear younger at work, from changing the way they dressed to undergoing surgical procedures, the adaptation efforts believed to be the most effective against age discrimination were more oriented toward enhancing job performance than one's appearance. It is especially troubling that greater perceived age discrimination was found in young-typed jobs (than in old-typed jobs) given that the number of older workers occupying young-typed jobs is expected to rapidly grow in the near future and perceived discrimination is associated with mental and physical consequences for older adults. Understanding effective adaptations to age discrimination is a valuable first step in helping older workers overcome the disadvantages they may face in the workplace, especially when they occupy young-typed jobs. Implications for theory and research are discussed.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2013
- Identifier
- CFE0005050, ucf:49947
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0005050
- Title
- NOT QUITE THE INGéNUE: THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE MIDDLE-AGED FEMALE CHARACTER IN MUSICAL THEATRE.
- Creator
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Snyder, Tara, Chicurel, Steven, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
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Not Quite the Ingénue: The Development of the Middle-Aged Female Character in Musical Theatre is an exploration of the influences which have defined the function of middle-aged female characters within the musical theatre genre. This author was cast in the role of Arlene MacNalley, a forty-three year old woman, in the University of Central Florida's fall 2006 production of the musical Baby. Preparation for performance of this thesis role required identification of the traits and...
Show moreNot Quite the Ingénue: The Development of the Middle-Aged Female Character in Musical Theatre is an exploration of the influences which have defined the function of middle-aged female characters within the musical theatre genre. This author was cast in the role of Arlene MacNalley, a forty-three year old woman, in the University of Central Florida's fall 2006 production of the musical Baby. Preparation for performance of this thesis role required identification of the traits and factors which would be vital for a realistic and relevant portrayal of Arlene. This document provides the reader with a working definition of middle age. It also furnishes a sampling of types, or stereotypes, of middle age female characters in musicals. The major thrust of the document emphasizes researching and understanding the importance of key socio-economic events' influence on the creation, direction, or depiction of middle-aged female characters. Three distinct characters are used to develop this theory, Aunt Eller in Oklahoma!, Dolly Levi in Hello, Dolly! and Arlene MacNalley in Baby. Further analysis within the thesis details essential differences between the original version of Arlene and the updated 2006 version of Arlene portrayed in the University of Central Florida's production of Baby. Conclusions drawn from the research, performance and writing processes indicate an increasing significance for the middle age female character as the genre of musical theatre continues to develop.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2007
- Identifier
- CFE0001714, ucf:47300
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0001714
- Title
- ATHEISTS, DEVILS, AND COMMUNISTS: COGNITIVE MAPPING OF ATTITUDES AND STEREOTYPES OF ATHEISTS.
- Creator
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Najle, Maxine, Sims, Valerie, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
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Negative attitudes towards atheists are hardly a new trend in our society. However, given the pervasiveness of the prejudices and the lack of foundation for them, it seems warranted to explore the underlying elements of these attitudes. Identifying these constitutive elements may help pick apart the different contributing factors and perhaps mitigate or at least understand them in the future. The present study was designed to identify which myths or stereotypes about atheists are most...
Show moreNegative attitudes towards atheists are hardly a new trend in our society. However, given the pervasiveness of the prejudices and the lack of foundation for them, it seems warranted to explore the underlying elements of these attitudes. Identifying these constitutive elements may help pick apart the different contributing factors and perhaps mitigate or at least understand them in the future. The present study was designed to identify which myths or stereotypes about atheists are most influential in these attitudes. A Lexical Decision Task was utilized to identify which words related to popular stereotypes are most related to the label atheists. The labels Atheists, Christians, and Students were compared to positive words, negatives words, words or interests, neutral words, and non-word strings. Analyses revealed no significant differences among the participants' reaction times in these various comparisons, regardless of religion, level of belief in god, level of spirituality, or being acquainted with atheists. Possible explanations for these results are discussed in this thesis.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2012
- Identifier
- CFH0004318, ucf:45041
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFH0004318
