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Development of in vitro point of care diagnostics (IVPCD) based on Aptamers integrated Biosensors.(&)nbsp;

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Date Issued:
2018
Abstract/Description:
The global market for the medical diagnostic industry is worth 25 billion dollars in the United States and is expected to grow exponentially each year. Presently available methods for biodetection, such as immunoassays, chemiluminescence and fluorescent based assays are expensive, time consuming and require skilled labor with high-end instruments. Therefore, development of novel, passive colorimetric sensors and diagnostic technologies for detection and surveillance is of utmost importance especially in resource constrained communities. The present work focusses on developing novel and advanced in vitro biodiagnostic tools based on aptamer integrated biosensors for an early detection of specific viral proteins or small biomolecules used as potential markers for deadly diseases. Aptamers are short single stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) which are designed to bind to a specific target biomolecule. These are readily synthesized in laboratory and offers several advantages over antibodies/enzymes such as stable in harsh environment, easily functionalized for immobilization, reproducibility etc. These undergo conformational changes upon target binding and produces physical or chemical changes in the system which are measured as colorimetric or electrochemical signals. Here, we have explored the aptamer-analyte interaction on different platforms such as microfluidic channel, paper based substrate as well as organic electrochemical transistor to develop multiple compact, robust and self-contained diagnostic tools. These testing tools exhibit high sensitivity (detection limit in picomolar) and selectivity against the target molecule, require no sophisticated instruments or skilled labor to implement and execute, leading a way to cheaper and more consumer driver health care. These innovative platforms provide flexibility to incorporate additional or alternative targets by simply designing aptamers to bind to the specific biomolecule.
Title: Development of in vitro point of care diagnostics (IVPCD) based on Aptamers integrated Biosensors.(&)nbsp;.
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Name(s): Saraf, Nileshi, Author
Seal, Sudipta, Committee Chair
Fang, Jiyu, Committee Member
Florczyk, Stephen, Committee Member
Dong, Yajie, Committee Member
Self, William, Committee Member
University of Central Florida, Degree Grantor
Type of Resource: text
Date Issued: 2018
Publisher: University of Central Florida
Language(s): English
Abstract/Description: The global market for the medical diagnostic industry is worth 25 billion dollars in the United States and is expected to grow exponentially each year. Presently available methods for biodetection, such as immunoassays, chemiluminescence and fluorescent based assays are expensive, time consuming and require skilled labor with high-end instruments. Therefore, development of novel, passive colorimetric sensors and diagnostic technologies for detection and surveillance is of utmost importance especially in resource constrained communities. The present work focusses on developing novel and advanced in vitro biodiagnostic tools based on aptamer integrated biosensors for an early detection of specific viral proteins or small biomolecules used as potential markers for deadly diseases. Aptamers are short single stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) which are designed to bind to a specific target biomolecule. These are readily synthesized in laboratory and offers several advantages over antibodies/enzymes such as stable in harsh environment, easily functionalized for immobilization, reproducibility etc. These undergo conformational changes upon target binding and produces physical or chemical changes in the system which are measured as colorimetric or electrochemical signals. Here, we have explored the aptamer-analyte interaction on different platforms such as microfluidic channel, paper based substrate as well as organic electrochemical transistor to develop multiple compact, robust and self-contained diagnostic tools. These testing tools exhibit high sensitivity (detection limit in picomolar) and selectivity against the target molecule, require no sophisticated instruments or skilled labor to implement and execute, leading a way to cheaper and more consumer driver health care. These innovative platforms provide flexibility to incorporate additional or alternative targets by simply designing aptamers to bind to the specific biomolecule.
Identifier: CFE0007766 (IID), ucf:52388 (fedora)
Note(s): 2018-12-01
Ph.D.
Engineering and Computer Science, Materials Science and Engineering
Doctoral
This record was generated from author submitted information.
Subject(s): Aptamers -- point-of-care diagnostics -- Organic electrochemical transistor -- microfluidics -- epinephrine -- Zika -- Chikungunya -- Gold nanoparticles -- PDMS
Persistent Link to This Record: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0007766
Restrictions on Access: public 2019-06-15
Host Institution: UCF

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