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Simulating Human Pleura Performance in Medical Training Using Measured Tissue Mechanical Properties
Title
Simulating Human Pleura Performance in Medical Training Using Measured Tissue Mechanical Properties.
Creator
Norfleet, Jack, Bai, Yuanli, Kassab, Alain, Metcalf, David, Cendan, Juan, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description
Medical simulations provide hands-on training at various levels of medical expertise. Yet these simulators fail to accurately mimic the look, feel and behavior of human tissue. Applying measured mechanical properties from human cadaver tissues promises to improve the fidelity of simulated tissue behaviors when subjected to medical procedures. Samples of human parietal pleura were tested under uniaxial tension to failure and measured characteristics were replicated in synthetic pleura. Context...
Show moreMedical simulations provide hands-on training at various levels of medical expertise. Yet these simulators fail to accurately mimic the look, feel and behavior of human tissue. Applying measured mechanical properties from human cadaver tissues promises to improve the fidelity of simulated tissue behaviors when subjected to medical procedures. Samples of human parietal pleura were tested under uniaxial tension to failure and measured characteristics were replicated in synthetic pleura. Context specific parameters were then collected and compared between human pleura and the new synthetics. These comparisons tested the hypothesis; H1 Gaps exist between synthetic and human pleura performance, H2: Human tissue fracture mechanics define desired performance of synthetic tissues, H3: Synthetic and human tissues with similar stress/strain parameters will behave similarly when blunt punctured. The results promote the future development of high fidelity tissue simulants for medical training.The studied tissue is parietal pleura which contributes the critical haptic (")pop(") indicating access to the proper anatomic space during the tube thoracostomy procedure. Once accessed through blunt puncture, tube is then inserted to drain air and fluid from around the lungs.Stress/strain based hyper-elastic and fracture properties calibrated from fresh human cadaver pleura were used to define performance requirements. Synthetic pleura were then prototyped and their mechanical properties were characterized. Commercial pleura simulants were puncture tested and compared to compliant custom and off-the-shelf formulations. A non-compliant but commonly used pleura substitute was also tested. Blunt puncture force and displacement were compared for each of the materials to test the stated hypotheses.
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Date Issued
2018
Identifier
CFE0007065, ucf:52023
Format
Document (PDF)
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0007065
Deconstructing Disability, Assistive Technology: Secondary Orality, The Path to Universal Access
Title
Deconstructing Disability, Assistive Technology: Secondary Orality, The Path to Universal Access.
Creator
Tripathi, Tara Prakash, Grajeda, Anthony, Campbell, James, Mauer, Barry, Metcalf, David, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description
When Thomas Edison applied for a patent for his phonograph, he listed the talking books for the blind as one of the benefits of his invention. Edison was correct in his claim about talking books or audio books. Audio books have immensely helped the blind to achieve their academic and professional goals. Blind and visually impaired people have also been using audio books for pleasure reading. But several studies have demonstrated the benefits of audio books for people who are not defined as...
Show moreWhen Thomas Edison applied for a patent for his phonograph, he listed the talking books for the blind as one of the benefits of his invention. Edison was correct in his claim about talking books or audio books. Audio books have immensely helped the blind to achieve their academic and professional goals. Blind and visually impaired people have also been using audio books for pleasure reading. But several studies have demonstrated the benefits of audio books for people who are not defined as disabled. Many nondisabled people listen to audio books and take advantage of speech based technology, such as text-to-speech programs, in their daily activities.Speech-based technology, however, has remained on the margins of the academic environments, where hegemony of the sense of vision is palpable. Dominance of the sense of sight can be seen in school curricula, class rooms, libraries, academic conferences, books and journals, and virtually everywhere else. This dissertation analyzes the reason behind such an apathy towards technology based on speech.Jacques Derrida's concept of 'metaphysics of presence' helps us understand the arbitrary privileging of one side of a binary at the expense of the other side. I demonstrate in this dissertation that both, the 'disabled' and technology used by them, are on the less privileged side of the binary formation they are part of. I use Derrida's method of 'deconstruction' to deconstruct the binaries of 'assistive' and 'main stream technology' on one hand, and that of the 'disabled' and 'nondisabled' on the other. Donna Haraway and Katherine Hayles present an alternative reading of body to conceive of a post-gendered posthuman identity, I borrow from their work on cyborgism and posthumanism to conceive of a technology driven post-disabled world. Cyberspace is a good and tested example of an identity without body and a space without disability.The opposition between mainstream and speech-based assistive technology can be deconstructed with the example of what Walter Ong calls 'secondary orality.' Both disabled and non-disabled use the speech-based technology in their daily activities. Sighted people are increasingly listening to audio books and podcasts. Secondary Orality is also manifest on their GPS devices. Thus, Secondary Orality is a common element in assistive and mainstream technologies, hitherto segregated by designers. The way Derrida uses the concept of 'incest' to deconstruct binary opposition between Nature and Culture, I employ 'secondary orality' as a deconstructing tool in the context of mainstream and assistive technology. Mainstream electronic devices, smart phones, mp3 players, computers, for instance, can now be controlled with speech and they also can read the screen aloud. With Siri assistant, the new application on iPhone that allows the device to be controlled with speech, we seem to be very close to (")the age of talking computers(") that William Crossman foretells. As a result of such a progress in speech technology, I argue, we don't need the concept of speech based assistive technology any more.
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Date Issued
2012
Identifier
CFE0004259, ucf:49521
Format
Document (PDF)
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0004259
Simulations for Financial Literacy
Title
Simulations for Financial Literacy.
Creator
Hamilton, Angela, Jones, Daniel, Flammia, Madelyn, Metcalf, David, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description
Financially literate consumers are empowered with the knowledge and skills necessary to make sound financial decisions that ensure their long-term economic well-being. Within the context of the range of cognitive, psychological, and social factors that influence consumer behavior, simulations enhance financial literacy by developing consumers' mental models for decision-making. Technical communicators leverage plain language and visual language techniques to communicate complex financial...
Show moreFinancially literate consumers are empowered with the knowledge and skills necessary to make sound financial decisions that ensure their long-term economic well-being. Within the context of the range of cognitive, psychological, and social factors that influence consumer behavior, simulations enhance financial literacy by developing consumers' mental models for decision-making. Technical communicators leverage plain language and visual language techniques to communicate complex financial concepts in ways that consumers can relate to and understand.Simulations for financial education and decision support illustrate abstract financial concepts, provide a means of safe experimentation, and allow consumers to make informed choices based on a longitudinal comparison of decision outcomes. Technical communicators develop content based on best practices and conduct evaluations to ensure that simulations present information that is accessible, usable, and focused on the end-user. Potential simulation formats range from low- to high-fidelity. Low-fidelity simulations present static data in print or digital formats. Mid-fidelity simulations provide digital interactive decision support tools with dynamic user inputs. More complex high-fidelity simulations use narrative and dramatic elements to situate learning in applied contexts.
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Date Issued
2012
Identifier
CFE0004318, ucf:49489
Format
Document (PDF)
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0004318
Capillarity: a Theory of mLearning and its Application Within Emerging Markets
Title
Capillarity: a Theory of mLearning and its Application Within Emerging Markets.
Creator
Rogers, David, Meehan, Kevin, McDaniel, Thomas, Pugh, William, Metcalf, David, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description
The theory of capillarity is an organic metaphor invoked to explore the role of network communications as a vehicle for education in a healthy society.Capillarity is offered as a theory in two parts: a mechanism for distribution and a method for engagement. Capillarity seeks to build an architecture that reflects radical humanism's emphasis on access and inclusion as a vehicle for classical humanism's emphasis on the individual expansion of potential and consciousness. The technical...
Show moreThe theory of capillarity is an organic metaphor invoked to explore the role of network communications as a vehicle for education in a healthy society.Capillarity is offered as a theory in two parts: a mechanism for distribution and a method for engagement. Capillarity seeks to build an architecture that reflects radical humanism's emphasis on access and inclusion as a vehicle for classical humanism's emphasis on the individual expansion of potential and consciousness. The technical instrument whereby this program of humanist education may be deployed is mLearning.
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Date Issued
2013
Identifier
CFE0004925, ucf:49622
Format
Document (PDF)
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0004925
Examining Facebook as a Digitally Immersive Language Environment for French Language Learners
Title
Examining Facebook as a Digitally Immersive Language Environment for French Language Learners.
Creator
Wyatt, Shelly, Gunter, Glenda, Witta, Eleanor, Boyd, Tammy, Crevecoeur, Edwidge, Metcalf, David, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description
This quasi-experimental study examined the impact of interactions with native French language Facebook posts on beginning French language learners' willingness to communicate (WTC) and their attitudes towards the target language and culture in a university setting. In addition, the degree of interaction, by participants, with the French language Facebook posts was recorded and analyzed. This study was conducted during the Spring 2013 semester at the University of Central Florida in Orlando,...
Show moreThis quasi-experimental study examined the impact of interactions with native French language Facebook posts on beginning French language learners' willingness to communicate (WTC) and their attitudes towards the target language and culture in a university setting. In addition, the degree of interaction, by participants, with the French language Facebook posts was recorded and analyzed. This study was conducted during the Spring 2013 semester at the University of Central Florida in Orlando, Florida. Participants in this study were recruited from two sections of FRE 1120, Elementary French Language and Civilization I. Native French language Facebook posts were (")pushed(") to participants' personal Facebook News Feeds over the course of four weeks, with posts pushed on weekdays only and Facebook polls asking for participant feedback on Fridays. Two instruments were used in this study to obtain participants' demographic information and to measure willingness to communicate as well attitudes towards the target language and culture. In addition, the researcher gathered observational data directly from Facebook.Data were analyzed using a Split-plot ANOVA and descriptive statistics. A total of 26 participants completed the study, with 14 participants in the control group and 12 participants in the treatment group. Both sections of FRE 1120 were conducted in a traditional, face-to-face format and were taught by the same instructor. Results indicated that participants' willingness to communicate in French and their attitudes towards the target language and culture were not significantly impacted by interaction with native French language Facebook posts. The level of Facebook-facilitated interactions in all areas, including (")Liking,(") Sharing,(") and (")Commenting(") was low. Self-reported interactions, including reading, viewing and translating of French language Facebook posts; Reading and viewing posts (such as simply viewing a photo) was the most frequently reported interaction, with (")Commenting(") and (")Sharing(") was the least common interaction. Opportunities for future research are numerous and include increasing the size of the sample, increasing the length of the study, and selected participants' who are more advanced in their mastery of the target language. The potential of social network sites to serve as digitally immersive environments for foreign language learners should be explored in more depth and across various languages.
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Date Issued
2013
Identifier
CFE0005076, ucf:49957
Format
Document (PDF)
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0005076