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Title: THE EFFECTS OF RESISTANCE TRAINING FREQUENCY ON MUSCLE HYPERTOHY AND STRENGTH IN HEALTHY TRAINED INDIVIDUALS: LITERATURE REVIEW.
Creator: Boivin, Alexander C., Valdes, Anna, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of increased resistance training frequency on strength and hypertrophy in trained individuals. Six Studies were deemed eligible based on the inclusion exclusion criteria. The inclusion criteria for this review were healthy trained individuals. "Trained" refers to over one year of resistance training experience. Exclusion Criteria were study's that examined either untrained or obese individuals as participants. The evidence indicates a dose...
Show moreThe purpose of this study is to determine the effects of increased resistance training frequency on strength and hypertrophy in trained individuals. Six Studies were deemed eligible based on the inclusion exclusion criteria. The inclusion criteria for this review were healthy trained individuals. "Trained" refers to over one year of resistance training experience. Exclusion Criteria were study's that examined either untrained or obese individuals as participants. The evidence indicates a dose-response trend in frequency. Resistance training each muscle group twice a week may be superior compared to once per week. Further more, resistance training each muscle group three times a week may enhance hypertrophy and strength adaptations even more compared to either once or twice a week. Recovery of the muscle may be reached in approximately 72 hours or 3 days. Mechanisms that may correlate to this phenomenon could be related to the more frequent elevations in muscle protein synthesis and physiological anabolic hormones. These results may help develop more specific guidelines in programming for intermediate to advanced athletes as well as lead way to more research on acute training variable manipulation.
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Date Issued: 2016
Identifier: CFH2000109, ucf:45953
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFH2000109

Title: TOTAL BODY WATER AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO FUNCTIONAL PERFORMANCE IN INDIVIDUALS WITH DIAGNOSED OSTEOARTHRITIS.
Creator: Hanson, Sara, Valdes, Anna, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: This study examines a possible relationship between Total Body Water (TBW) levels, osteoarthritic pain and functional performance in a sample of untrained adults. Participants will complete a Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) questionnaire, TBW will be measured using Single-Frequency Bioelectrical Impedance (SF-BIA) and strength, balance and physical function will be measured by the completion of seven standardized functional tests. Participants in this study...
Show moreThis study examines a possible relationship between Total Body Water (TBW) levels, osteoarthritic pain and functional performance in a sample of untrained adults. Participants will complete a Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) questionnaire, TBW will be measured using Single-Frequency Bioelectrical Impedance (SF-BIA) and strength, balance and physical function will be measured by the completion of seven standardized functional tests. Participants in this study will include adult men and women, age 35 years and older, who have been previously diagnosed with Osteoarthritis (OA) in the hip or knee, or currently score 35 or higher on the WOMAC. This study aims to determine if TBW values, specifically its intracellular compartment (ICW), will have a relationship to WOMAC scores and if TBW and ICW will have a positive correlation to participants' overall performance on balance, strength, and physical function tests. It is hypothesized that the data will show a negative correlation between ICW and WOMAC scores and a positive correlation between ICW and performance on balance, strength and physical function tests. Little research exists on the relationship between TBW and functional performance in older adults; particularly those whose TBW may be affected by inflammatory conditions such as OA. A goal of this study is to contribute to existing research on the relationship between performance and TBW, while providing insight and data on this relationship in an untrained population.
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Date Issued: 2015
Identifier: CFH0004741, ucf:45363
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFH0004741

Title: EVALUATING THE QUALITY OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION PROGRAMS PROVIDED BY STATE DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION WEBSITES AND THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN ADOLESCENT OBESITY AND SEDENTARY PREVALENCE.
Creator: McWilliams, Payton C, Valdes, Anna, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: This research seeks to determine the relationships between the quality of physical education (PE) programs provided by state departments of education (DOE), obesity rates, and sedentary behaviors described as physical inactivity in adolescents ages 10-17 years old. A modified rubric based on the "Let's Move Active Schools Assessment" was created and used to quantitatively and qualitatively evaluate the PE programs and physical activity (PA) opportunities provided by websites of the state's...
Show moreThis research seeks to determine the relationships between the quality of physical education (PE) programs provided by state departments of education (DOE), obesity rates, and sedentary behaviors described as physical inactivity in adolescents ages 10-17 years old. A modified rubric based on the "Let's Move Active Schools Assessment" was created and used to quantitatively and qualitatively evaluate the PE programs and physical activity (PA) opportunities provided by websites of the state's DOE. A total of fourteen states were chosen to be assessed due to having either the highest or lowest obesity or physical inactivity rates. It was believed that the states with the highest obesity prevalence would have the highest inactivity and the lowest quality PE programs, and that those with lowest obesity prevalence would have lowest physical inactivity and high quality PE programs. After assessing the chosen states, no correlation was found between the quality of PE program as determined from the created rubric and the obesity or sedentary behavior rates of the state. The highest grade of all states assessed was 23 out of 27 with the lowest score being 7. The average scores of the states with the highest obesity was greater than the average for those states with the lowest inactivity, indicating that the quality of PE programs as provided by the DOE are not exclusively related to obesity and physical inactivity prevalence. Other determining factors such as nutrition, state funding, local policies, and societal factors may be more involved in the health of children than what is popularly believed. The data show that efforts are being made to decrease obesity throughout schools and the departments of education, however the efficiency of such efforts to increase physical activity and health are low. While states may post plans for PE and create standards for teaching, local levels of education are not required to enforce the policies or teach the curriculum suggested. Including students with special conditions and providing physical activities outside the school building is also lacking although it may seem like measures are being taken to provide such opportunities. More evaluations must be completed to get a stronger understanding of how to fix inadequate physical education and activity programs provided by the states' DOEs. Reviewing each DOE efforts as well as that of the community and individual school districts would help gain insight into where roadblocks reside and how to overcome destructive policies to offer better physical activity and education to children.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: CFH2000221, ucf:45982
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFH2000221

Title: EXPLORING DIET, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, AND SELF-REPORTED HEALTH STATUS AMONG INDIVIDUALS IN THE MEDICALLY UNDERSERVED POPULATION.
Creator: Devoe, Kelley R, Valdes, Anna, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: The primary purpose of this study is to determine if certain lifestyle and health behaviors (e.g. smoking, physical activity, diet) in the medically underserved population have any influence on particular health statuses. This study also looked to determine if these health behaviors resulted in particular medical aliments being more prevalent or specific to this community. The secondary purpose of this study aims to gain information that may help health care providers practicing in this...
Show moreThe primary purpose of this study is to determine if certain lifestyle and health behaviors (e.g. smoking, physical activity, diet) in the medically underserved population have any influence on particular health statuses. This study also looked to determine if these health behaviors resulted in particular medical aliments being more prevalent or specific to this community. The secondary purpose of this study aims to gain information that may help health care providers practicing in this community to earlier identify risk factors in patients before a medical problem becomes more severe, difficult and expensive to treat. A survey, adapted from the CDC's Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), was created to allow for the collection of descriptive statistical data. The survey contains questions on the various topics of diet, physical activity, chronic diseases, and self-perception of overall health status. The survey was distributed to 20 older adult participants at Hebni Nutrition, LLC, all from disadvantaged backgrounds. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data. Of the 20 surveys collected, about half of the respondents reported consuming close to the recommended fruit and vegetable servings and participating in regular physical activity. Furthermore, the participants reported rates of diabetes and hypertension well above average. This study's results were inconclusive as to whether any specific health behaviors among medically underserved individuals influence the prevalence of chronic diseases in this population; more likely a combination of many factors and overall poorer health habits that persist over a lifetime are contributors to chronic diseases among the medically underserved population.
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Date Issued: 2018
Identifier: CFH2000292, ucf:45892
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFH2000292

Title: SPORTS MASSAGE RESEARCH PROTOCOLS AND INDUSTRY STANDARDS.
Creator: Kest, Amber, Valdes, Anna, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: The purpose of this study was to determine which MT techniques current licensed massage therapists practicing sports massage are using to treat delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) by conducting an anonymous online survey of practicing sports massage therapists. The secondary purpose was to determine if previous sports massage research protocols match current practices in sports massage to treat DOMS. There were 85 anonymous respondents ranging in age from 24 to 74 years with a mean age of 44...
Show moreThe purpose of this study was to determine which MT techniques current licensed massage therapists practicing sports massage are using to treat delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) by conducting an anonymous online survey of practicing sports massage therapists. The secondary purpose was to determine if previous sports massage research protocols match current practices in sports massage to treat DOMS. There were 85 anonymous respondents ranging in age from 24 to 74 years with a mean age of 44.5 years. Participants included 55 female (65.5%) and 29 male (34.5%) therapists. Professional experience ranged from 4 years or less to more than 20 years, and the majority reported having training specific to sports massage. Previous research methods have placed an overwhelming emphasis on effleurage and petrissage in the treatment protocols to test the effects of massage on DOMS. However, practicing therapists rely on many more techniques and modalities when giving sports massage treatments for DOMS. On a scale of 1 to 5 respondents rated the importance of effleurage strokes in their sports massage treatment at 3.3, petrissage strokes averaged 3.4, friction 3.3, and tapotement ranked slightly lower with a weighted average of 2.1. Sixty six percent of respondents reported that they use stretching techniques often or always. Myofascial release techniques are used sometimes or often for 65% of the respondents, but fewer utilize manual lymphatic drainage in their sports massage. Additional techniques besides those mentioned in the survey are used by 64% of the respondents.
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Date Issued: 2015
Identifier: CFH0004846, ucf:45476
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFH0004846

Title: SHOULD ATHLETES RECEIVE SLEEP HYGIENE EDUCATION? A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW.
Creator: Contreras, Ines L, Fisher, Thomas J., Valdes, Anna, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: Previous studies show the need to find a solution to improve the athlete's recovery and help overcome their sleep disorders. Sleep hygiene is a list of habits and recommendation that enhance sleep quality. Sleep hygiene education has been used in some research to fill the need of the athletes. Still, a lack of information exists on the development of sleep hygiene programs and related impacts. This thesis aims to perform a systematic review of the literature of scholarly journals articles...
Show morePrevious studies show the need to find a solution to improve the athlete's recovery and help overcome their sleep disorders. Sleep hygiene is a list of habits and recommendation that enhance sleep quality. Sleep hygiene education has been used in some research to fill the need of the athletes. Still, a lack of information exists on the development of sleep hygiene programs and related impacts. This thesis aims to perform a systematic review of the literature of scholarly journals articles from 2007 to 2018, focusing on the relationship between sleep hygiene education and athletes sleep quality and quantity. The investigation concluded with 16 qualifying articles. A synthesis of recommendations from all studies offered sleep hygiene suggestions for athletes; all the results are provided in table 12. The further overall conclusion of the selected articles settled that sleep hygiene is recommended for athletes, yet the methods and strategies are vague and not precise. A strong recommendation from this systematic literature review is the creation of a standardized list of sleep hygiene habits focused on athletes to improve their sleep quality and quantity.
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Date Issued: 2019
Identifier: CFH2000477, ucf:45839
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFH2000477

Title: ESSENTIAL COMPONENTS OF PARTICIPATION FOR AN EXERCISE PROGRAM FOR UNDERSERVED, OLDER, AFRICAN-AMERICAN FEMALES.
Creator: Meinert, Marina, Garcia, Jeanette, Valdes, Anna, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: Physical activity (PA) is beneficial to people of all ages and ethnicities. Regular physical activity can reduce the risk of multiple chronic diseases, improve mood and sleep and allows your body to function better overall (CDC, 2018). However, populations that are more vulnerable to adverse health risks may benefit more than others from regular physical activity. This study was designed to identify the motivating factors for physical activity in a sample of older, African-American women of...
Show morePhysical activity (PA) is beneficial to people of all ages and ethnicities. Regular physical activity can reduce the risk of multiple chronic diseases, improve mood and sleep and allows your body to function better overall (CDC, 2018). However, populations that are more vulnerable to adverse health risks may benefit more than others from regular physical activity. This study was designed to identify the motivating factors for physical activity in a sample of older, African-American women of lower socioeconomic status (SES). This particular subgroup was chosen because of their increased risk of obesity and cardiovascular disease due to unhealthy lifestyle factors, specifically low levels of PA. (CDC, 2017). A secondary aim of this study was to determine the essential components necessary to create a successful PA program within this population. By determining the feasibility and acceptability of a PA program to target this specific population, further PA programs can be designed to promote adoption and sustainability of PA in this high-risk population. This study consisted of 8 African-American women of lower SES at an average age of 65 and average BMI of 32 kg/m^2 . The participants volunteered to participate in an 8-week exercise program for this study. The exercise class lasted 45 minutes and consisted of light aerobics, weight training, and mobility/flexibility exercises. After the 8 weeks, the participants were given questionnaires, surveys and participated in a focus group to collect data about their experiences. The Hebni staff and exercise instructors observed that there was 100% attendance and compliance throughout the 8 weeks. They also noted that the participants had positive attitudes and stayed actively engaged throughout the classes. After reviewing the data, it was noted that the necessary components to a successful exercise program for this population was a sense of community, cultural considerations, a community and familiar setting, and a reliable and open-minded instructor. The data showed that 100% of the participants continued participating in PA outside of the program and felt less stressed after exercising. This study is unique and important in that it looks at physical activity and its motivating factors in this population versus the ample research that focuses on why this population is sedentary but offers no solution to the problem.
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Date Issued: 2018
Identifier: CFH2000429, ucf:45785
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFH2000429

Title: Barriers to Adoption of Wellness Programs: A Worked Example of an Augmented Best-Fit Framework Synthesis.
Creator: Oliver, Dalton, Fisher, Thomas, Boote, David, Valdes, Anna, Swan, Bonnie, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: Background: Qualitative syntheses have the potential to offer a great deal of insight into complex problems of practice. However, their methods often appear unclear and warrant ongoing scrutiny by the research community. Aim: This study introduces a novel combination of methods for synthesizing qualitative literature and explores the utility of these methods through a worked example of a real-world problem of practice. Methods: Qualitative studies that investigated barriers to adoption of...
Show moreBackground: Qualitative syntheses have the potential to offer a great deal of insight into complex problems of practice. However, their methods often appear unclear and warrant ongoing scrutiny by the research community. Aim: This study introduces a novel combination of methods for synthesizing qualitative literature and explores the utility of these methods through a worked example of a real-world problem of practice. Methods: Qualitative studies that investigated barriers to adoption of wellness programs through the perspectives of key informants were systematically collected for synthesis. Key informants were identified as decision makers at small- to medium-sized businesses. The primary method used in this study was the Best-Fit Framework Synthesis (BFS). The BFS was augmented with Alignment Scores, CERQual Analysis, and a novel Saturation of Inquisition Test. Dedoose software was used to support data analysis. Results: The systematic search returned 4 studies that met the inclusion criteria. Diffusion Theory was systematically selected to develop a framework for analyzing qualitative findings. The synthesis generated four analytical themes and led to the development of a contextually rich conceptual framework. Analytical themes deeply informed the research questions while the framework offered a broader view of the overall problem. CERQual Analysis provided an added dimension of ranking amongst findings based on their level of confidence. The Saturation of Inquisition Test identified gaps in current research and validated decisions made during the synthesis. Alignment Scores identified specific points of misalignment and supported decision-making during the synthesis. Conclusion: The augmented BFS was a valuable method for synthesizing qualitative findings in a manner that informs practitioners and builds on relevant theory. The additional methods integrated seamlessly with the original BFS while enhancing transparency, reliability, and practical value of the synthesis. Further replication and critical evaluation of the overall methodology and its individual components is warranted.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: CFE0006632, ucf:51293
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0006632

Title: Investigating Personal Fitness Trainers' Qualifications.
Creator: Akerson, Michael, Boote, David, Fisher, Thomas, Valdes, Anna, Vitale, Thomas, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: A threefold approach was utilized to analyze the problem of defining personal fitness trainers' qualifications. First, the problem was explored nationally, internationally and locally. Within the local context, the history of the exercise science program, stakeholders and culture at the University of Central Florida and in the central Florida marketplace was examined. Next, a systematic literature review examined possible causes within the knowledge context, learning/motivational context and...
Show moreA threefold approach was utilized to analyze the problem of defining personal fitness trainers' qualifications. First, the problem was explored nationally, internationally and locally. Within the local context, the history of the exercise science program, stakeholders and culture at the University of Central Florida and in the central Florida marketplace was examined. Next, a systematic literature review examined possible causes within the knowledge context, learning/motivational context and organizational/cultural context. Then, an original research study investigated the qualifications for Central Florida, Personal Fitness Trainers (PFTs) by examining the relationship(s) and/or differences between variables such as education, certification, years of experience and income as well as attitudes, opinions and beliefs (AOBs) regarding those variables. An online questionnaire was emailed to 196 PFTs in the central Florida area and utilized to assess qualifications as they relate to income. The 48 PFT participants were compared based on education (ED), certification (CE), and experience (EX) and their effect on income. There were no statistically significant differences in 2012 income based on (ED) level, F(4,26) = 2.283, p=.086. The National Strength and Conditioning Association (NSCA), American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM), and National Academy of Sports Medicine (NASM) were the preferred (CE) companies (ranked 1st or 2nd, 65% and 45% of the time respectively). From the 48 PFTs that answered the survey, 54% of PFTs agreed (A) or strongly agreed (SA) that a degree should be required in order to practice, 73% (A) or (SA) that (CE) is helpful in gaining employment, and 66% (A) or (SA) that a national board exam or license should be required to practice. The least number of (ED) courses was taken in biomechanics and business marketing. In conclusion, PFT level of education and certification type does not significantly affect income given the current system. PFTs agree that more stringent guidelines are needed to limit entrance into the profession to those who are more qualified. The author presents a new model for undergraduate curriculum and instruction requiring hands on coursework, certification and internship or service learning project.
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Date Issued: 2014
Identifier: CFE0005120, ucf:50684
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0005120

Title: Exploring the Self-Reported Dietary Habits and Physical Activity Between Athletes and Non-Athletes in Four Central Florida Public High Schools.
Creator: Redd, Alison, Valdes, Anna, Stout, Jeffrey, Fisher, Thomas, Garcia, Jeanette, Fukuda, David, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: The federal reimbursable meals offered in American school cafeterias have recently been revised with improved nutrition standards yet may not meet the needs of student athletes who require additional energy intake. While many epidemiological studies report high numbers of adolescents who are overweight or obese, there are close to eight million high school students involved in interscholastic sports(-)more now than ever before. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to establish...
Show moreThe federal reimbursable meals offered in American school cafeterias have recently been revised with improved nutrition standards yet may not meet the needs of student athletes who require additional energy intake. While many epidemiological studies report high numbers of adolescents who are overweight or obese, there are close to eight million high school students involved in interscholastic sports(-)more now than ever before. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to establish participation rates in the federal school meals programs in a local Central Florida school district between athlete and non-athlete high school populations. Additionally, the study aimed to establish athlete and non-athlete participation rates in the federal free/reduced lunch program and determine the average number of hours spent in physical activity between athlete and non-athletes in one week. An online questionnaire was developed to assess students' self-reported energy intake and energy expenditure through sport participation and physical activity acquired during leisure time. Results of the study revealed no significance difference in federal school breakfast or lunch consumption rates between athletes and non-athletes. The study also revealed similar participation rates in the free and reduced lunch program between athlete and non-athletes when purchasing school lunches. Additionally, while non-athletes reported more average hours acquiring physical activity in their leisure time than athletes did, athletes accrued more average hours of overall physical activity due to time spent in interscholastic sport practice. Lastly, results determined significant differences in Body Mass Index (BMI) with athletes having lower BMIs than non-athletes. If meals policies evolve to be more accurately reflective of energy intake needs of athletes and non-athletes, school meals could appropriately fuel student performance in the classroom, the athletic field, and beyond.
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Date Issued: 2018
Identifier: CFE0007239, ucf:52230
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0007239

Title: National Collegiate Athletic Association Strength and Conditioning Coaches' Knowledge and Practices Regarding Prevention and Recognition of Exertional Heat Stroke.
Creator: Valdes, Anna, Hoffman, Jay, Boote, David, Fisher, Thomas, Mitchell, Debby, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: The purpose of this study was to assess and determine the current level of knowledge that National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Strength and Conditioning Coaches (SCCs) possess regarding exertional heat stroke (EHS) prevention and recognition and to determine if SCC certification type had any effect. Major findings of this study support the view that SCCs need more preparation, education and training to increase their competency in preventing and recognizing EHS. Research found that...
Show moreThe purpose of this study was to assess and determine the current level of knowledge that National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Strength and Conditioning Coaches (SCCs) possess regarding exertional heat stroke (EHS) prevention and recognition and to determine if SCC certification type had any effect. Major findings of this study support the view that SCCs need more preparation, education and training to increase their competency in preventing and recognizing EHS. Research found that there was no significant difference in scores on the EHS scale based on SCC certification (CSCS vs. SCCC) after accounting for experience, education or division but the CSCS certified professionals scored higher on all the factors as compared to SCCs without the CSCS.. The major key finding was that SCCs lacked essential knowledge to prevent or recognize EHS. Furthermore, the study defines relevant EHS prevention and recognition competencies that an undergraduate curriculum, graduate curriculum and professional certification providers, should include and emphasize in their preparation programs.
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Date Issued: 2013
Identifier: CFE0004766, ucf:49790
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0004766

physical activity (2)	+ -
African-American (1)	+ -
BIA (1)	+ -
CSCS (1)	+ -
Community (1)	+ -

DOMS (1)	+ -
Elderly (1)	+ -
Exercise (1)	+ -
Exercise program (1)	+ -
Health Promotion (1)	+ -
ICW (1)	+ -
Low SES (1)	+ -
Low socioeconomic (1)	+ -
National School Breakfast Program (1)	+ -
National School Lunch Program (1)	+ -
Nutrition (1)	+ -
OA (1)	+ -
PA (1)	+ -
Physical Activity (1)	+ -
Qualitative Synthesis (1)	+ -
Resistance training (1)	+ -
SCCC (1)	+ -
SES (1)	+ -
SF-BIA (1)	+ -
Sleep hygiene (1)	+ -
Strength and conditioning coaches (1)	+ -
Systematic Review (1)	+ -
TBW (1)	+ -
WOMAC (1)	+ -
Wellness Program (1)	+ -

Honors Collection (7)	+ -
ETD Collection (4)	+ -

University of Central Florida (11)	+ -
Valdes, Anna (11)	+ -
Fisher, Thomas (4)	+ -
Boote, David (3)	+ -
Garcia, Jeanette (2)	+ -

Akerson, Michael (1)	+ -
Boivin, Alexander C. (1)	+ -
Contreras, Ines L (1)	+ -
Devoe, Kelley R (1)	+ -
Fisher, Thomas J. (1)	+ -
Fukuda, David (1)	+ -
Hanson, Sara (1)	+ -
Hoffman, Jay (1)	+ -
Kest, Amber (1)	+ -
McWilliams, Payton C (1)	+ -
Meinert, Marina (1)	+ -
Mitchell, Debby (1)	+ -
Oliver, Dalton (1)	+ -
Redd, Alison (1)	+ -
Stout, Jeffrey (1)	+ -
Swan, Bonnie (1)	+ -
Vitale, Thomas (1)	+ -

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