Current Search: Wisniewski, Pamela (x)
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(1 - 7 of 7)
- Title
- Examining Users' Application Permissions On Android Mobile Devices.
- Creator
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Safi, Muhammad, Wisniewski, Pamela, Leavens, Gary, Hughes, Charles, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
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Mobile devices have become one of the most important computing platforms. The platform's portability and highly customized nature raises several privacy concerns. Therefore, understanding and predicting user privacy behavior has become very important if one is to design software which respects the privacy concerns of users. Various studies have been carried out to quantify user perceptions and concerns [23,36] and user characteristics which may predict privacy behavior [21,22,25]. Even though...
Show moreMobile devices have become one of the most important computing platforms. The platform's portability and highly customized nature raises several privacy concerns. Therefore, understanding and predicting user privacy behavior has become very important if one is to design software which respects the privacy concerns of users. Various studies have been carried out to quantify user perceptions and concerns [23,36] and user characteristics which may predict privacy behavior [21,22,25]. Even though significant research exists regarding factors which affect user privacy behavior, there is gap in the literature when it comes to correlating these factors to objectively collected data from user devices. We designed an Android application which administered surveys to collect various perceived measures, and to scrape past behavioral data from the phone. Our goal was to discover variables which help in predicting user location sharing decisions by correlating what we collected from surveys with the user's decision to share their location with our study application. We carried out logistic regression analysis with multiple measured variables and found that perceived measures and past behavioral data alone were poor predictors of user location sharing decisions. Instead, we discovered that perceived measures in the context of past behavior helped strengthen prediction models. Asking users to reflect on whether they were comfortable sharing their location with apps that were already installed on their mobile device was a stronger predictor of location sharing behavior than general measures regarding privacy concern or past behavioral data scraped from their phones. This work contributes to the field by correlating existing privacy measures with objective data, and uncovering a new predictor of location sharing decisions.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2018
- Identifier
- CFE0007363, ucf:52085
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0007363
- Title
- DESIGNING LIGHT FILTERS TO DETECT SKIN USING A LOW-POWERED SENSOR.
- Creator
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Tariq, Muhammad, Wisniewski, Pamela, Gong, Boqing, Leavens, Gary, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
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Detection of nudity in photos and videos, especially prior to uploading to the internet, is vital to solving many problems related to adolescent sexting, the distribution of child pornography, and cyber-bullying. The problem with using nudity detection algorithms as a means to combat these problems is that: 1) it implies that a digitized nude photo of a minor already exists (i.e., child pornography), and 2) there are real ethical and legal concerns around the distribution and processing of...
Show moreDetection of nudity in photos and videos, especially prior to uploading to the internet, is vital to solving many problems related to adolescent sexting, the distribution of child pornography, and cyber-bullying. The problem with using nudity detection algorithms as a means to combat these problems is that: 1) it implies that a digitized nude photo of a minor already exists (i.e., child pornography), and 2) there are real ethical and legal concerns around the distribution and processing of child pornography. Once a camera captures an image, that image is no longer secure. Therefore, we need to develop new privacy-preserving solutions that prevent the digital capture of nude imagery of minors. My research takes a first step in trying to accomplish this long-term goal: In this thesis, I examine the feasibility of using a low-powered sensor to detect skin dominance (defined as an image comprised of 50% or more of human skin tone) in a visual scene. By designing four custom light filters to enhance the digital information extracted from 300 scenes captured with the sensor (without digitizing high-fidelity visual features), I was able to accurately detect a skin dominant scene with 83.7% accuracy, 83% precision, and 85% recall. The long-term goal to be achieved in the future is to design a low-powered vision sensor that can be mounted on a digital camera lens on a teen's mobile device to detect and/or prevent the capture of nude imagery. Thus, I discuss the limitations of this work toward this larger goal, as well as future research directions.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2017
- Identifier
- CFE0006806, ucf:51792
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0006806
- Title
- Mediated Physicality: Inducing Illusory Physicality of Virtual Humans via Their Interactions with Physical Objects.
- Creator
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Lee, Myungho, Welch, Gregory, Wisniewski, Pamela, Hughes, Charles, Bruder, Gerd, Wiegand, Rudolf, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
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The term virtual human (VH) generally refers to a human-like entity comprised of computer graphics and/or physical body. In the associated research literature, a VH can be further classified as an avatar(-)a human-controlled VH, or an agent(-)a computer-controlled VH. Because of the resemblance with humans, people naturally distinguish them from non-human objects, and often treat them in ways similar to real humans. Sometimes people develop a sense of co-presence or social presence with the...
Show moreThe term virtual human (VH) generally refers to a human-like entity comprised of computer graphics and/or physical body. In the associated research literature, a VH can be further classified as an avatar(-)a human-controlled VH, or an agent(-)a computer-controlled VH. Because of the resemblance with humans, people naturally distinguish them from non-human objects, and often treat them in ways similar to real humans. Sometimes people develop a sense of co-presence or social presence with the VH(-)a phenomenon that is often exploited for training simulations where the VH assumes the role of a human. Prior research associated with VHs has primarily focused on the realism of various visual traits, e.g., appearance, shape, and gestures. However, our sense of the presence of other humans is also affected by other physical sensations conveyed through nearby space or physical objects. For example, we humans can perceive the presence of other individuals via the sound or tactile sensation of approaching footsteps, or by the presence of complementary or opposing forces when carrying a physical box with another person. In my research, I exploit the fact that these sensations, when correlated with events in the shared space, affect one's feeling of social/co-presence with another person. In this dissertation, I introduce novel methods for utilizing direct and indirect physical-virtual interactions with VHs to increase the sense of social/co-presence with the VHs(-)an approach I refer to as mediated physicality. I present results from controlled user studies, in various virtual environment settings, that support the idea that mediated physicality can increase a user's sense of social/co-presence with the VH, and/or induced realistic social behavior. I discuss relationships to prior research, possible explanations for my findings, and areas for future research.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2019
- Identifier
- CFE0007485, ucf:52687
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0007485
- Title
- Social Media as a Healthcare Tool: Case Study Analysis of Factors Influencing Pediatric Clinicians' Behavioral Intent to Adopt Social Media for Patient Communication and Engagement.
- Creator
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Mustonen, Rachel, Hou, Su-I, Malvey, Donna, Gurupur, Varadraj, Wisniewski, Pamela, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
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Social media aids communication among users worldwide. However, a notable gap exist among social media users, healthcare professionals utilizing social media in the work place. While the concept of harnessing social media as a professional tool is not novel, healthcare professionals have yet to embrace the practice as standard workflow. This study identifies factors influencing clinicians' behavioral intent to adopt social media for patient engagement and communication. A new framework, the...
Show moreSocial media aids communication among users worldwide. However, a notable gap exist among social media users, healthcare professionals utilizing social media in the work place. While the concept of harnessing social media as a professional tool is not novel, healthcare professionals have yet to embrace the practice as standard workflow. This study identifies factors influencing clinicians' behavioral intent to adopt social media for patient engagement and communication. A new framework, the Healthcare Social Media Adoption Framework (HSMA), guided this mixed-method approach to assess 7 factors identified by theory and literature as adoption influencers. A custom, web-based survey collected data from 60 full-time, pediatric clinicians (47 quantitative) at the case institution (a pediatric hospital). Additionally, individual interviews of 6 participants provided their prospective on using social media for patient communications and engagement. Results: Privacy concerns were the only statically significant factor; with an inverse relationship to positive adoption intent, indicating higher privacy concerns influence lower behavioral intent to adopt social media for patient engagement and communication. The qualitative analysis revealed privacy concerns encompass two themes, personal privacy for patient and providers (boundaries), and cybersecurity. The qualitative inputs also uncovered perceived unprofessionalism as a new factor influencing clinician adoption. The implications for these findings indicate a need for both healthcare organizations and healthcare regulators to establish cyber-security defenses for security and use protocols for privacy to aid the diffusion and adoption acceptance of social media use by pediatric healthcare professionals. This research has contributed in four areas: 1) fill a knowledge gap by identifying new factors that influence the behavioral intent of pediatric clinicians to adopt social media; 2) confirm/reject behavioral intent influences found in the literature; 3) formulated a new HSMA framework that measures functional, cognitive, and social aspects of social media adoption; and 4) prioritizes policies and global standard focus.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2018
- Identifier
- CFE0007062, ucf:51998
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0007062
- Title
- Personalized Digital Body: Enhancing Body Ownership and Spatial Presence in Virtual Reality.
- Creator
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Jung, Sungchul, Hughes, Charles, Foroosh, Hassan, Wisniewski, Pamela, Bruder, Gerd, Sandor, Christian, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
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person's sense of acceptance of a virtual body as his or her own is generally called virtual body ownership (VBOI). Having such a mental model of one's own body transferred to a virtual human surrogate is known to play a critical role in one's sense of presence in a virtual environment. Our focus in this dissertation is on top-down processing based on visual perception in both the visuomotor and the visuotactile domains, using visually personalized body cues. The visual cues we study here...
Show moreperson's sense of acceptance of a virtual body as his or her own is generally called virtual body ownership (VBOI). Having such a mental model of one's own body transferred to a virtual human surrogate is known to play a critical role in one's sense of presence in a virtual environment. Our focus in this dissertation is on top-down processing based on visual perception in both the visuomotor and the visuotactile domains, using visually personalized body cues. The visual cues we study here range from ones that we refer to as direct and others that we classify as indirect. Direct cues are associated with body parts that play a central role in the task we are performing. Such parts typically dominate a person's foveal view and will include one or both of their hands. Indirect body cues come from body parts that are normally seen in our peripheral view, e.g., legs and torso, and that are often observed through some mediation and are not directly associated with the current task.This dissertation studies how and to what degree direct and indirect cues affect a person's sense of VBOI for which they are receiving direct and, sometimes, inaccurate cues, and to investigate the relationship between enhanced virtual body ownership and task performance. Our experiments support the importance of a personalized representation, even for indirect cues. Additionally, we studied gradual versus instantaneous transition between one's own body and a virtual surrogate body, and between one's real-world environment and a virtual environment. We demonstrate that gradual transition has a significant influence on virtual body ownership and presence. In a follow-on study, we increase fidelity by using a personalized hand. Here, we demonstrate that a personalized hand significantly improves dominant visual illusions, resulting in more accurate perception of virtual object sizes.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2018
- Identifier
- CFE0007024, ucf:52033
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0007024
- Title
- Multi-Modal Interfaces for Sensemaking of Graph-Connected Datasets.
- Creator
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Wehrer, Anthony, Hughes, Charles, Wisniewski, Pamela, Pattanaik, Sumanta, Specht, Chelsea, Lisle, Curtis, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
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The visualization of hypothesized evolutionary processes is often shown through phylogenetic trees. Given evolutionary data presented in one of several widely accepted formats, software exists to render these data into a tree diagram. However, software packages commonly in use by biologists today often do not provide means to dynamically adjust and customize these diagrams for studying new hypothetical relationships, and for illustration and publication purposes. Even where these options are...
Show moreThe visualization of hypothesized evolutionary processes is often shown through phylogenetic trees. Given evolutionary data presented in one of several widely accepted formats, software exists to render these data into a tree diagram. However, software packages commonly in use by biologists today often do not provide means to dynamically adjust and customize these diagrams for studying new hypothetical relationships, and for illustration and publication purposes. Even where these options are available, there can be a lack of intuitiveness and ease-of-use. The goal of our research is, thus, to investigate more natural and effective means of sensemaking of the data with different user input modalities. To this end, we experimented with different input modalities, designing and running a series of prototype studies, ultimately focusing our attention on pen-and-touch. Through several iterations of feedback and revision provided with the help of biology experts and students, we developed a pen-and-touch phylogenetic tree browsing and editing application called PhyloPen. This application expands on the capabilities of existing software with visualization techniques such as overview+detail, linked data views, and new interaction and manipulation techniques using pen-and-touch. To determine its impact on phylogenetic tree sensemaking, we conducted a within-subject comparative summative study against the most comparable and commonly used state-of-the-art mouse-based software system, Mesquite. Conducted with biology majors at the University of Central Florida, each used both software systems on a set number of exercise tasks of the same type. Determining effectiveness by several dependent measures, the results show PhyloPen was significantly better in terms of usefulness, satisfaction, ease-of-learning, ease-of-use, and cognitive load and relatively the same in variation of completion time. These results support an interaction paradigm that is superior to classic mouse-based interaction, which could have the potential to be applied to other communities that employ graph-based representations of their problem domains.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2019
- Identifier
- CFE0007872, ucf:52788
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0007872
- Title
- Weight Discrimination Through Social Networking Sites: The Moderating Effects of Gender, Occupation, BMI, and Stereotype Consistency.
- Creator
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McHugh, Bridget, Joseph, Dana, Jentsch, Kimberly, Fritzsche, Barbara, Wisniewski, Pamela, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
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As the use of social networking sites (SNSs) in hiring increases, human resources professionals have become concerned with the increased probability of discriminatory hiring decisions. At the same time, there is increasing evidence that discrimination towards overweight and obese applicants has risen in the past decade. The present study addressed these concerns by examining the impact of an applicant's weight in a SNS profile picture on the decision to hire the applicant for a sales position...
Show moreAs the use of social networking sites (SNSs) in hiring increases, human resources professionals have become concerned with the increased probability of discriminatory hiring decisions. At the same time, there is increasing evidence that discrimination towards overweight and obese applicants has risen in the past decade. The present study addressed these concerns by examining the impact of an applicant's weight in a SNS profile picture on the decision to hire the applicant for a sales position. The impact of the applicant's gender, body mass index, and stereotype-consistent behaviors on hiring intentions were examined. In addition, the type of sales position (face to face or over the phone) were also examined. Results indicated that only overweight, and not obese, candidates experienced discrimination. Moreover, whereas the types of behaviors disclosed on social media profiles impact hiring intentions, there were no interaction effects between applicant weight and the types of behaviors disclosed. Analyses suggested that stereotype-consistent behaviors associated with conscientiousness (i.e., laziness, discipline) were a stronger predictor of hiring intentions than behavior that was less work-related (i.e., unhealthy behaviors). In addition, results suggested that weight discrimination did not occur more for the in person position than the phone position. Overall, the present study suggests that disclosing behaviors on social media that reflect negative traits (i.e., lazy, undisciplined, unhealthy) may impact hiring intentions, regardless of the applicant's weight. Moreover, while applicants who are overweight are less likely to be hired than their average weight counterparts, this discrimination does not occur more often when the applicant engages in stereotype-consistent behavior.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2016
- Identifier
- CFE0006141, ucf:51172
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0006141
