Current Search: civilization (x)
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- Title
- Leader Psychology and Civil War Behavior.
- Creator
-
Smith, Gary, Schafer, Mark, Kang, Kyungkook, Powell, Jonathan, Walker, Stephen, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
-
How do the psychological characteristics of world leaders affect civil wars? Multiple studies have investigated how the personalities and beliefs of world leaders affect foreign policy preferences and outcomes. However, this research has yet to be applied to the intrastate context, which is problematic, given the growing importance of civil wars in the conflict-studies literature. This dissertation project utilizes at-a-distance profiling methods to investigate how leaders and their...
Show moreHow do the psychological characteristics of world leaders affect civil wars? Multiple studies have investigated how the personalities and beliefs of world leaders affect foreign policy preferences and outcomes. However, this research has yet to be applied to the intrastate context, which is problematic, given the growing importance of civil wars in the conflict-studies literature. This dissertation project utilizes at-a-distance profiling methods to investigate how leaders and their psychological characteristics can affect the likelihood, severity, and duration of civil conflicts. The findings of this research provide further support for the general hypothesis that leaders can, and often do, matter when trying to explain policy outcomes. More importantly, the findings demonstrate that leaders can influence the likelihood of civil war onset, the severity of civil wars, and their duration. Additionally, this project investigates the effect that civil war severity has on the psychological characteristics of leaders. Contrary to some previous research, however, the findings here indicate that leaders' psychology may not be sensitive to civil conflict severity.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2018
- Identifier
- CFE0007375, ucf:52089
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0007375
- Title
- Government Respect for Human Rights and their Relation to Shadow Economic Activity.
- Creator
-
Gahagan, Christopher, Mousseau, Demet, Marien, Daniel, Reynolds, Teddy, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
-
Shadow economic activity can have detrimental effects on many aspects of a society including trust in government policies, quality of public institutions, government revenues, and economic growth. Empirical studies have generally employed a rational actor approach and focused on economic factors. Most studies in this literature claim that when individuals do not receive the right economic stimuli from the government, it damages the relationship between individuals and the state and citizens...
Show moreShadow economic activity can have detrimental effects on many aspects of a society including trust in government policies, quality of public institutions, government revenues, and economic growth. Empirical studies have generally employed a rational actor approach and focused on economic factors. Most studies in this literature claim that when individuals do not receive the right economic stimuli from the government, it damages the relationship between individuals and the state and citizens opt to move into the shadow economy. A small but growing body of research, however, suggests that certain political factors can also lead to shadow economic activity because of a breakdown in the relationship between individuals and the state. Building on this growing body of research, this study investigates how governments' repression of human rights can play an important role in the growth of shadow economic activities. The empirical literature on human rights offer three main groups of human rights: Survival Rights (physical integrity), Women's Economic Rights, and Civil Liberties (i.e. freedom of speech). This study expects a similar pattern for all sectors of human rights, that when they are abused, citizens will react to those abuses by moving into the shadow economy because of the breakdown in the citizen-state relationship. Several multiple regression analyses are conducted for 150 countries from the years 1999 to 2011 to investigate if these different types of human rights had an impact on the levels of shadow economic activity. Results indicate that while Survival Rights and Women's Economic Rights have no statistically significant impact on the size of the shadow economy, the respect or abuse of citizens' Civil Liberties are statistically significant after the introduction of control variables. A possible reason for the difference in these findings might be that while the fear of reprisal of Survival Rights can work to deter shadow economic activity, repression of Civil Liberties may not create enough fear to deter it. Future research is necessary in this area to expand our knowledge on the political determinants of the size of the shadow economy as well as the creation of policies to combat its growth.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2019
- Identifier
- CFE0007459, ucf:52691
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0007459
- Title
- The Causes, Dynamics, and Implications of Child Soldiering.
- Creator
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Faulkner, Christopher, Tezcur, Gunes Murat, Powell, Jonathan, Dolan, Thomas, Whitaker, Beth, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
-
Child soldiers continue to be regular participants in modern conflicts in many different parts of the world. This dissertation addresses several interrelated questions about child soldiering employing large-N statistical analyses, process-tracing, and in-depth interviews. First, it asks how foreign state support and the characteristics of these donors influence rebels' recruitment of child soldiers. An important finding is that rebels supported by democratic states are less likely to employ...
Show moreChild soldiers continue to be regular participants in modern conflicts in many different parts of the world. This dissertation addresses several interrelated questions about child soldiering employing large-N statistical analyses, process-tracing, and in-depth interviews. First, it asks how foreign state support and the characteristics of these donors influence rebels' recruitment of child soldiers. An important finding is that rebels supported by democratic states are less likely to employ child soldiers. It then investigates the factors and conditions that lead some groups to diversify their demographics in the types of recruits and others to not. Specifically, it considers why a rebel group would recruit children, but refrain from recruiting women. It examines theoretical arguments that contend group ideology, desires for patriarchal preservation, societal gender inequalities, and the location/type of rebellion (rural vs. urban) can each significantly contribute to groups' recruitment behavior. Third, it considers a question that speaks directly to the first two questions. What factors lead to the initial recruitment of children and how conflict conditions may impact the dynamics of rebel recruitment over time? An in-depth analysis of the Kurdistan Worker's Party (PKK) and the employment of a unique dataset on deceased Kurdish militants allows for an exploration of the temporal variation in the group's recruitment patterns over four decades. It illustrates that inter-rebel rivalries, conflict intensity, and the evolution of human rights norms shape rebels' recruitment behavior. The final section reorients the focus of the dissertation from rebel child soldiering to government child soldiering. It surveys the conditions under which the United States holds foreign governments accountable for their child soldiering practices through the restriction of certain forms of security assistance. In depth analyses of four norm-violating states and interviews with policy experts show that the strategic importance of a state and the systemic nature of child recruitment are strong predictors of when security assistance waivers will be granted. Together, this dissertation advances scholarly understanding of the causes, dynamics, and implications of child soldiering.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2019
- Identifier
- CFE0007629, ucf:52541
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0007629
- Title
- THE ANCIENT CITY OCCUPIED: ST. AUGUSTINE AS A TEST CASE FOR STEPHEN ASH'S CIVIL WAR OCCUPATION MODEL.
- Creator
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Totten, Eric, Sacher, John, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
-
This thesis intends to prove that Stephen V. Ash's model of occupation from his work, When the Yankees Came: Conflict and Chaos in the Occupied South, is applicable to St. Augustine's occupation experience in the Civil War. Three overarching themes in Ash's work are consistent with Civil War St. Augustine. First, that Union policy of conciliation towards southern civilians was abandoned after the first few months of occupation due to both non-violent and violent resistance from those...
Show moreThis thesis intends to prove that Stephen V. Ash's model of occupation from his work, When the Yankees Came: Conflict and Chaos in the Occupied South, is applicable to St. Augustine's occupation experience in the Civil War. Three overarching themes in Ash's work are consistent with Civil War St. Augustine. First, that Union policy of conciliation towards southern civilians was abandoned after the first few months of occupation due to both non-violent and violent resistance from those civilians. Second, that Ash's "zones of occupation" of the occupied South, being garrisoned towns, no-man's-land, and the Confederate frontier apply to St. Augustine and the surrounding countryside. Finally, Ash's assertions that the southern community was changed by the war and Union occupation, is reflected in the massive demographic shifts that rocked St. Augustine from 1862 to 1865. This thesis will show that all three of Ash's themes apply to St. Augustine's Civil War occupation experience and confirms the author's generalizations about life in the occupied South.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2011
- Identifier
- CFE0004031, ucf:49172
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0004031
- Title
- Between Words: Popular Culture and the Rise of Print in Seventeenth Century England.
- Creator
-
Schneck, Christie, Larson, Peter, Ozoglu, Adem, Walker, Ezekiel, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
-
Seventeenth century England was forced to come to terms with events such as the Civil War and the regicide of King Charles I, in the midst of contending with the cultural changes brought upon by print culture, the effects of which appeared throughout all aspects of English society. These changes helped form a relationship between print and oral culture, one of negotiation among the producers and regulators of work and the society consuming the works. The discussion of this negotiation has led...
Show moreSeventeenth century England was forced to come to terms with events such as the Civil War and the regicide of King Charles I, in the midst of contending with the cultural changes brought upon by print culture, the effects of which appeared throughout all aspects of English society. These changes helped form a relationship between print and oral culture, one of negotiation among the producers and regulators of work and the society consuming the works. The discussion of this negotiation has led to varying conclusions concerning the true impact of printed materials on English society and culture, all of which tend to see the relationship in one of two ways: print's undeniable and unprecedented influence on culture, or its function as supplement to oral and visual communication. The latter conclusion helped form the foundation of this study, which aims to further understand the negotiation between print and English society. The close analysis of recurring themes of the supernatural, specifically prophecy, witchcraft, regicide, and the natural world, will show unmistakable similarities between popular entertainment and written works. Through the examination of these themes, this thesis will illustrate the extent to which common imagery and wording appeared in newsbooks and what this says about oral communication and culture in early modern England.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2012
- Identifier
- CFE0004217, ucf:49006
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0004217
- Title
- FOR HOME AND COUNTRY: CONFEDERATE NATIONALISM IN WESTERN NORTH CAROLINA.
- Creator
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Shaw, Hunter, Sacher, John, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
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This study examines Confederate nationalism in Western North Carolina during the Civil War. Using secondary sources, newspapers, civilian, and soldiersÃÂÃÂÃÂÃÂ' letters, this study will show that most Appalachians demonstrated a strong loyalty to their new Confederate nation. However, while a majority Appalachian Confederates maintained a strong Confederate nationalism throughout the war; many...
Show moreThis study examines Confederate nationalism in Western North Carolina during the Civil War. Using secondary sources, newspapers, civilian, and soldiersÃÂÃÂÃÂÃÂ' letters, this study will show that most Appalachians demonstrated a strong loyalty to their new Confederate nation. However, while a majority Appalachian Confederates maintained a strong Confederate nationalism throughout the war; many Western North Carolinians were not loyal to the Confederacy. Critically analyzing Confederate nationalism in Western North Carolina will show that conceptions of loyalty and disloyalty are not absolute, in other words, Appalachia was not purely loyal or disloyal.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2010
- Identifier
- CFE0003561, ucf:48895
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0003561
- Title
- Incumbent Violence and Insurgent Tactics: The Effects of Incumbent Violence on Popular Support for Guerrilla Warfare and Terrorism.
- Creator
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Williams, Jonathan, Dolan, Thomas, Wilson, Bruce, Mirilovic, Nikola, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
-
Insurgency has two main strategies, guerrilla warfare and terrorism, which should be treated as linked, but distinct, strategies. This thesis examines the role of incumbent violence in leading insurgents to select one, or both, of these strategies. It argues that incumbent violence can create support for insurgency by causing fear and a desire for revenge and reshaping the social structures of a community. It also argues that incumbent violence increases popular support for terrorism in...
Show moreInsurgency has two main strategies, guerrilla warfare and terrorism, which should be treated as linked, but distinct, strategies. This thesis examines the role of incumbent violence in leading insurgents to select one, or both, of these strategies. It argues that incumbent violence can create support for insurgency by causing fear and a desire for revenge and reshaping the social structures of a community. It also argues that incumbent violence increases popular support for terrorism in particular by creating outbidding incentives and desires to respond in kind to civilian deaths and as a way of punishing norm violations against attacking civilians on the part of the incumbent. The paper tests this theory with a qualitative case study of the conflict in Northern Ireland during the 1970s and a quantitative analysis of insurgent violence in the Kirkuk, Diyala, Babylon, and Salah al Din provinces during the 2003-2009 Iraq conflict.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2013
- Identifier
- CFE0004959, ucf:49598
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0004959
- Title
- To The CORE: The Congress of Racial Equality, the Seattle Civil Rights Movement, and the Shift to Black Militancy.
- Creator
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Jimenez, Michael, Lester, Connie, Walters, Lori, Walker, Ezekiel, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
-
This thesis compares the history of the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) to that of its Seattle chapter. The study traces the entire history of CORE from 1942-1968 as well as the history of Seattle CORE from 1961-1968. The goal of this examination is to identify why Seattle CORE successfully fended off the movement for black militancy and consequently why national CORE failed to do so. Juxtaposing the two radically different histories shows an integrated organization, bureaucratic...
Show moreThis thesis compares the history of the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) to that of its Seattle chapter. The study traces the entire history of CORE from 1942-1968 as well as the history of Seattle CORE from 1961-1968. The goal of this examination is to identify why Seattle CORE successfully fended off the movement for black militancy and consequently why national CORE failed to do so. Juxtaposing the two radically different histories shows an integrated organization, bureaucratic leadership, a plan of action based on nonviolent actions, and a strong attachment to the black community were the central reasons for the success of Seattle CORE, and conversely, these areas were why national CORE struggled. Moreover, this study shows the events and failures over the first two decades created a susceptible environment for the organization to abandon CORE's nonviolent ideology and the subsequent disintegration of the Congress of Racial Equality as the walls of Jim Crow broke down.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2012
- Identifier
- CFE0004327, ucf:49411
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0004327
- Title
- A PUBLIC HISTORY PROJECT ATBLAKELEY HISTORIC PARK, ALABAMA.
- Creator
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Johnson, Dwight, Sacher, John, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
-
The public history project described herein was performed at Blakeley Historic Park, Alabama. The project included the preparation of survey maps depicting the location, size and directional orientation of Confederate and Union earthworks, which were used during the siege and battle of Fort Blakely in April 1865. The project also included historical research and documentation of findings relative to the design, construction and use of the Confederate fortifications at Blakeley Park. This...
Show moreThe public history project described herein was performed at Blakeley Historic Park, Alabama. The project included the preparation of survey maps depicting the location, size and directional orientation of Confederate and Union earthworks, which were used during the siege and battle of Fort Blakely in April 1865. The project also included historical research and documentation of findings relative to the design, construction and use of the Confederate fortifications at Blakeley Park. This research attempts to answer the questions; who ordered or directed the earthworks to be built, who designed them and supervised their construction, when were they built, and who provided the labor for their construction? Recommendations are made for the acquisition potential of earthworks found that were outside of present park boundaries. In addition, recommendations are made for preservation of existing earthworks within the park. The historical essay on the Confederate fortifications advances the argument that the design and construction effort was beset with shortages of engineers needed for design and supervision, shortages of labor needed for construction, and a shortage of troops to man the fortifications. Because this project combined modern day Global Positioning System surveying and Geographic Information System mapping technology with historical research methodology, collaboration with faculty experts in the College of Engineering and Computer Science was essential.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2009
- Identifier
- CFE0002596, ucf:48272
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0002596
- Title
- The First Florida Cavalry (US): Union Enlistment in the Civil War's Southern Periphery.
- Creator
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Campbell, Tyler, Gannon, Barbara, Sacher, John, Walker, Ezekiel, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
-
In 1863, along the southern periphery of the American Civil War, a Union Brigadier General began recruiting Southern white men into a Union cavalry regiment known as the First Florida Cavalry (US). This study investigates the regiment and those who enlisted in it to show the fluidity of Southern loyalty during the Civil War and the conditions of the Deep South Homefront that existed on the periphery of Union occupation and continue to exist on the periphery of Civil War historiography. While...
Show moreIn 1863, along the southern periphery of the American Civil War, a Union Brigadier General began recruiting Southern white men into a Union cavalry regiment known as the First Florida Cavalry (US). This study investigates the regiment and those who enlisted in it to show the fluidity of Southern loyalty during the Civil War and the conditions of the Deep South Homefront that existed on the periphery of Union occupation and continue to exist on the periphery of Civil War historiography. While scholars have recently addressed many aspects of Southern dissent in the Civil War, significantly less attention has been given to those who fought in the Union ranks. Utilizing previously unused archival materials paired with geospatial mapping, this study reveals the lives of Southerners who enlisted and their homeland. It examines both those who formed the regiment and those who enlisted in it. This analysis illuminates common soldier experience in the Sectional Conflict's Southern borderland. This study concludes that the volatile nature of loyalty and the needs of the homefront in the Deep South encouraged both Union generals to form the First Florida Cavalry and Southerners to enlist in it. While this assessment analyzes only several hundred men, it provides insights into the larger populations of Southern Union soldiers throughout the Deep South and their competing loyalties to nation and community.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2018
- Identifier
- CFE0006984, ucf:51674
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0006984
- Title
- From Skeptical Disinterest to Ideological Crusade: The Road to American Participation in the Greek Civil War, 1943-1949.
- Creator
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Villiotis, Stephen, Solonari, Vladimir, Zhang, Hong, Beiler, Rosalind, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
-
This thesis examines the way in which the United States formulated its policy toward Greece during the Greek civil war (1943-1949). It asserts that U.S. intervention in Greece was based on circumstantial evidence and the assumption of Soviet global intentions, rather than on dispatches from the field which consistently reported from 1943-1946 that the Soviets were not involved in that country's affairs. It also maintains that the post-Truman Doctrine American policy in Greece was in essence,...
Show moreThis thesis examines the way in which the United States formulated its policy toward Greece during the Greek civil war (1943-1949). It asserts that U.S. intervention in Greece was based on circumstantial evidence and the assumption of Soviet global intentions, rather than on dispatches from the field which consistently reported from 1943-1946 that the Soviets were not involved in that country's affairs. It also maintains that the post-Truman Doctrine American policy in Greece was in essence, a continuation of British policy there from 1943-1946, which meant to impose an unpopular government on the people of Greece, and tolerated unlawful violence of the extreme Greek right-wing.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2013
- Identifier
- CFE0005068, ucf:49959
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0005068
- Title
- A New Multidimensional Psycho-Physical Framework for Modeling Car-Following in a Freeway Work Zone.
- Creator
-
Lochrane, Taylor, Al-Deek, Haitham, Radwan, Essam, Oloufa, Amr, Harb, Rami, Uddin, Nizam, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
-
As the United States continues to build and repair the ageing highway infrastructure, the bearing of freeway work zones will continue to impact the capacity. To predict the capacity of a freeway work zone, there are several tools available for engineers to evaluate these work zones but only microsimulation has the ability to simulate the driver behavior. One of the limitations of current car-following models is that they only account for one overall behavioral condition. This dissertation...
Show moreAs the United States continues to build and repair the ageing highway infrastructure, the bearing of freeway work zones will continue to impact the capacity. To predict the capacity of a freeway work zone, there are several tools available for engineers to evaluate these work zones but only microsimulation has the ability to simulate the driver behavior. One of the limitations of current car-following models is that they only account for one overall behavioral condition. This dissertation hypothesizes that drivers change their driving behavior as they drive through a freeway work zone compared to normal freeway conditions which has the potential to impact traffic operations and capacity of work zones. Psycho-physical car-following models are widely used in practice for simulating car-following. However, current simulation models may not fully capture car-following driver behavior specific to freeway work zones. This dissertation presents a new multidimensional psycho-physical framework for modeling car-following based on statistical evaluation of work zone and non-work zone driver behavior. This new framework is close in character to the Wiedemann model used in popular traffic simulation software such as VISSIM. This dissertation used two methodologies for collecting data: (1) a questionnaire to collect demographics and work zone behavior data and (2) a real-time vehicle data from a field experiment involving human participants. It is hypothesized that the parameters needed to calibrate the multidimensional framework for work zone driver behavior can be derived statistically by using data collected from runs of an Instrumented Research Vehicle (IRV) in a Living Laboratory (LL) along a roadway. The design of this LL included the development of an Instrumented Research Vehicle (IRV) to capture the natural car-following response of a driver when entering and passing through a freeway work zone. The development of a Connected Mobile Traffic Sensing (CMTS) system, which included state-of-the-art ITS technologies, supports the LL environment by providing the connectivity, interoperability and data processing of the natural, real-life setting. The IRV and CMTS system are tools designed to support the concept of a LL which facilitates the experimental environment to capture and calibrate natural driver behavior. The objective is to have these participants drive the instrumented vehicle and collect the relative distance and the relative velocity between the instrumented vehicle and the vehicle in the front of the instrumented vehicle. A Phase I pilot test was conducted with 10 participants to evaluate the experiment and make any adjustments prior to the full Phase II driver test. The Phase II driver test recruited a group of 64 participants to drive the IRV through an LL set up along a work zone on I-95 near Washington D.C. in order to validate this hypothesis In this dissertation, a new framework was applied and it demonstrated that there are four different categories of car-following behavior models each with different parameter distributions. The four categories are divided by traffic condition (congested vs. uncongested) and by roadway condition (work zone vs. non-work zone). The calibrated threshold values are presented for each of these four categories. By applying this new multidimensional framework, modeling of car-following behavior can enhance vehicle behavior in microsimulation modeling.This dissertation also explored driver behavior through combining vehicle data and survey techniques to augment the model calibrations to improve the understanding of car-following behavior in freeway work zones. The results identify a set of survey questions that can potentially guide the selection of parameters for car-fallowing models. The findings presented in this dissertation can be used to improve the performance of driver behavior models specific to work zones. This in return will more acutely forecast the impact a work zone design has on capacity during congestion.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2014
- Identifier
- CFE0005521, ucf:50326
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0005521
- Title
- The war and slavery, and their relations to each other : a discourse, delivered in the Old South Church, Reading, Mass., December 28, 1862.
- Creator
-
Barrows, W. (William)
- Description
- This pamphlet is a discourse delivered by Reverend William Barrows about the relations between the War and Slavery. The pamphlet is a second edition and, as noted on the title page, was "published by request."
- Date Created
- 1863
- Identifier
- DP0010862, E449.B276 1863
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/DP0010862
- Title
- Cosas de los Estados Unidos.
- Creator
-
Camacho, Simón
- Description
- The author Simón Camacho wrote the book under the pseudonym "Nazareno." Edited by James Durand. It contains letters and sketches covering the years 1856 to 1863. Includes the author's portrait, engraved by J.A. O'Neill from a photograph by Fredericks. Also contains a reproduction of the author's signature. Spine title: Cosas de los E. Unidos.
- Date Created
- 1864
- Identifier
- DP0010866, E166.C17 1864
- Format
- E-book
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/DP0010866
- Title
- Florida: the east coast and Keys.
- Creator
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Richardson, Joseph, Florida East Coast Railway, PALMM (Project)
- Abstract / Description
-
A mix of text and photographs illustrating recreational opportunities as well as agriculture products in Florida. Also contains several pictures of major hotels of the East Coast Hotel System.
- Date Issued
- 1895
- Identifier
- AAB9284QF00008/26/200511/13/200622169BfamIa D0QF, FHP C UCF 2005-08-03, FCLA url 20060322xOCLC, 75960553, CF00001716, 2584120, ucf:19531
- Format
- E-book
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/tc/fhp/CF00001716.jpg