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- Title
- AM I TOO FAT TO BE A PRINCESS? EXAMINING THE EFFECTS OF POPULAR CHILDREN'S MEDIA ON PRESCHOOLERS' BODY IMAGE.
- Creator
-
Hayes, Sharon, Dunn, Stacey, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
-
The current study investigated the effects of brief exposure to appearance-related media on female preschoolers' body image. Results indicated that exposure did not affect body dissatisfaction or engagement in appearance-related play behaviors. Surprisingly, participants' self-reported frequency of weight concerns decreased at posttest. In contrast to older populations, it is possible that young children may adopt the persona of attractive characters with whom they identify rather...
Show moreThe current study investigated the effects of brief exposure to appearance-related media on female preschoolers' body image. Results indicated that exposure did not affect body dissatisfaction or engagement in appearance-related play behaviors. Surprisingly, participants' self-reported frequency of weight concerns decreased at posttest. In contrast to older populations, it is possible that young children may adopt the persona of attractive characters with whom they identify rather than comparing themselves to the characters. This level of identification temporarily may alleviate weight concerns. This is the first empirical study to provide support for previous findings that suggest media exposure does not affect body image in young children. Also presented are data regarding familial influences and other media consumption (e.g., television viewing) on girls' body dissatisfaction.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2008
- Identifier
- CFE0002039, ucf:47588
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0002039
- Title
- CYBER SEXY:ELECTRONIC GAME PLAY AND PERCEPTIONS OF ATTRACTIVENESS AMONG COLLEGE-AGED MEN.
- Creator
-
Wack, Elizabeth, Tantleff Dunn, Stacey, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
-
The current study was conducted to determine whether or not electronic gaming is related to the formation of certain body ideals and appraisals of attractiveness. A sample of 219 college-aged males (age 18 to 32) completed a variety of measures designed to gather information about their game play habits, their perceptions of their own attractiveness (MBSRQ, SMAQ), and their perceptions of women's attractiveness (BCRS, FRS, photographs of women of different BMIs). Results indicate that men...
Show moreThe current study was conducted to determine whether or not electronic gaming is related to the formation of certain body ideals and appraisals of attractiveness. A sample of 219 college-aged males (age 18 to 32) completed a variety of measures designed to gather information about their game play habits, their perceptions of their own attractiveness (MBSRQ, SMAQ), and their perceptions of women's attractiveness (BCRS, FRS, photographs of women of different BMIs). Results indicate that men's ratings of women's attractiveness vary across the genres of games most frequently played but that frequency of play and age of commencement of game play are not related to self-perceptions of physical attractiveness, the association of positive attributes with muscularity, or the drive to become more muscular. However, results suggest that men's appearance satisfaction and the degree to which they value muscularity are influenced by the extent to which they compare their own appearance to that of the characters they play in the games. Results indicate that unlike other forms of media, electronic gaming is not related to decreased appearance satisfaction in players or the formation of unrealistic standards of attractiveness for women.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2007
- Identifier
- CFE0001661, ucf:47243
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0001661
- Title
- TESTING AN INTERVENTION TO ADDRESS THE SOCIOCULTURAL INFLUENCE OF MASS MEDIA ON BODY IMAGE: CAN WE REVERSE THE CURSE?.
- Creator
-
Murray, Janet, Tantleff Dunn, Stacey, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
-
The adverse effects of exposure to unrealistic ideals in the media are well documented, however, this is the first study to explore the possibility that women may experience improvement in body image and affect via social comparison to women with realistic, non-ideal body shape and size. Using material from The Century Project©, the impact of exposure to nude, non-pornographic photographs of women of varied shape, size, age, and physical condition, and the photographed women's personal...
Show moreThe adverse effects of exposure to unrealistic ideals in the media are well documented, however, this is the first study to explore the possibility that women may experience improvement in body image and affect via social comparison to women with realistic, non-ideal body shape and size. Using material from The Century Project©, the impact of exposure to nude, non-pornographic photographs of women of varied shape, size, age, and physical condition, and the photographed women's personal commentaries about how they successfully cope with body image concerns was tested using an experimental design. It was hypothesized that exposure to the photographs and their associated commentaries would lead to an improvement in body image, mood, and self-esteem, and that this effect would be moderated by preexisting levels of internalization of the thin ideal and strong core beliefs about the importance of appearance (schematicity). Women exposed to the photos and comments condition experienced significantly less appearance-related anxiety than those exposed to photo-only and comments-only conditions, and internalization, but not schematicity, moderated this effect. Findings suggest women who have a greater tendency to internalize sociocultural body image standards may be more receptive to positive changes in these standards when presented with a persuasive visual and cognitive stimulus. However, without both aspects (visual and commentary) high internalizers appear to experience greater negative reactions to these stimuli.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2005
- Identifier
- CFE0000707, ucf:46599
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0000707
- Title
- ''ALL DOLLED UP": SELF-OBJECTIFICATION, GROOMING BEHAVIORS, AND BODY IMAGE DISTURBANCE AMONG COLLEGE WOMEN.
- Creator
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Piercey, Cianna, Brophy-Ellison, James, White, Grace, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
-
The relationship between self-objectification, grooming behaviors, and body image disturbance was examined among 389 female students at the University of Central Florida. Self-objectification positively predicted body image disturbance, as well as the average amount of time and money that women reported investing into grooming behaviors (i.e. hair-styling, hair-removal, makeup application, nail adornment and other grooming behaviors). Body mass index (BMI) was also found to positively predict...
Show moreThe relationship between self-objectification, grooming behaviors, and body image disturbance was examined among 389 female students at the University of Central Florida. Self-objectification positively predicted body image disturbance, as well as the average amount of time and money that women reported investing into grooming behaviors (i.e. hair-styling, hair-removal, makeup application, nail adornment and other grooming behaviors). Body mass index (BMI) was also found to positively predict body image disturbance and time spent on grooming, however, no relationship was found between self-objectification and BMI. Furthermore, lower socioeconomic status (SES) was found to be associated with body-dissatisfaction and more frequent negative body image emotions in comparison to participants with higher SES. A significant negative correlation was also found between time spent on grooming and grade point average (GPA).
Show less - Date Issued
- 2019
- Identifier
- CFH2000582, ucf:45698
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFH2000582
- Title
- MODELING AND SIMULATION OF SOFT BODIES.
- Creator
-
Mesit, Jaruwan, Guha, Ratan, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
-
As graphics and simulations become more realistic, techniques for approximating soft body objects, that is, non-solid objects such as liquids, gases, and cloth, are becoming increasingly common. The proposed generalized soft body method encompasses some specific cases of other existing models enabling simulation of a variety of soft body materials by parameter adjustment. This research presents a general method of soft body model and simulation in which parameters for body control, surface...
Show moreAs graphics and simulations become more realistic, techniques for approximating soft body objects, that is, non-solid objects such as liquids, gases, and cloth, are becoming increasingly common. The proposed generalized soft body method encompasses some specific cases of other existing models enabling simulation of a variety of soft body materials by parameter adjustment. This research presents a general method of soft body model and simulation in which parameters for body control, surface deformation, volume control, and gravitation, can be adjusted to simulate different types of soft bodies. In this method, the soft body mesh structure maintains configuration among surface points while fluid modeling deforms the details of the surface. To maintain volume, an internal pressure is approximated by simulated molecules within the soft body. Free fall motion of soft body is generated by gravitational field. Additionally, a constraint is specified based on the property of the soft body being modeled. There are several standard methods to control soft body volume. This work illustrates the simplicity of simulation by selecting a mass-spring system for the deformation of the connected points of a three-dimensional mesh, while an internal pressure force acts upon the surface triangles. To incorporate fluidity, smooth particles hydrodynamics (SPH) is applied where surface points are considered as free moving particles interacting with neighboring surface points within a SPH radius. Because SPH is computationally expensive, it requires an efficient method to determine neighboring surface points. Collision detection with soft bodies and other rigid body objects also requires such fast neighbor detection. To determine the neighboring surface point, Axis Aligned Bounding Box (AABB), Octree, and a partitioning and hashing schemes have been investigated and the result shows that the partitioning and hashing scheme provides the best frame rate. Thus a fast partitioning and hashing scheme is used in this research to reduce both computational time and the memory requirements. The proposed soft body model aims to be applied in several types of soft body application depending on the specific types of soft body deformation. The work presented in this dissertation details experiments with a variety of visually appealing fluid-like surfaces and organic materials animated at interactive speeds. The algorithm is also used to implement animated space-blob creatures in the Galactic Arms Race video game and a human lung simulation, demonstrating the effectiveness of the algorithm in both an actual video game engine and a medical application. The simulation results show that the general model of the soft body can be applied to several applications by adjusting the soft body parameters according to the appearance results.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2010
- Identifier
- CFE0003477, ucf:48930
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0003477
- Title
- NEUROCOGNITIVE CORRELATES OF BODY IMAGE DISTURBANCE.
- Creator
-
Frei, Elizabeth, Tantleff-Dunn, Stacey, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
-
Body image, broadly defined as an individual's general experience of his or her physical appearance, is a multidimensional phenomenon that has been found to affect functioning throughout the lifetime. Although some degree of dissatisfaction has been found to be a common aspect of the female experience, research suggests that a disturbance in body image can result in a number of clinical complications, particularly the development of an eating disorder (ED). Despite the relationship...
Show moreBody image, broadly defined as an individual's general experience of his or her physical appearance, is a multidimensional phenomenon that has been found to affect functioning throughout the lifetime. Although some degree of dissatisfaction has been found to be a common aspect of the female experience, research suggests that a disturbance in body image can result in a number of clinical complications, particularly the development of an eating disorder (ED). Despite the relationship between body image and EDs, examinations of the cognitive underpinnings of the relationship between body image disturbance and EDs are relatively few and inconclusive. Research indicates that individuals with an ED diagnosis exhibit cognitive rigidity (deficits in set-shifting ability) and weak central coherence(as demonstrated by performance on measures of information processing style). However, research has not established whether individuals with body image disturbance who do not meet criteria for an ED exhibit comparable performance. The aim of the current study was to determine whether individuals with body image disturbance exhibit similar patterns of neuropsychological functioning. A sample of women with high levels of body image disturbance completed a battery of cognitive tests and outcomes were compared to a group of women with little disturbance and also compared with performance of individuals with diagnosed EDs as cited in previous studies. Overall, the results do not clearly indicate that women with body image disturbance have difficulties with set-shifting tasks and global information processing, however some preliminary patterns did emerge. These preliminary findings extend existing theoretical models of body image and have potential to inform clinical efforts aimed at improving treatment protocols for body image disturbance and EDs by targeting these aspects of neurocognition during treatment.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2009
- Identifier
- CFE0002934, ucf:47943
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0002934
- Title
- DEVELOPMENT OF THEORETICAL AND COMPUTATIONAL METHODS FOR FEW-BODY PROCESSES IN ULTRACOLD QUANTUM GASES.
- Creator
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Blandon, Juan, Kokoouline, Viatcheslav, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
-
We are developing theoretical and computational methods to study two related three-body processes in ultracold quantum gases: three-body resonances and three-body recombination. Three-body recombination causes the ultracold gas to heat up and atoms to leave the trap where they are confined. Therefore, it is an undesirable effect in the process of forming ultracold quantum gases. Metastable three-body states (resonances) are formed in the ultracold gas. When decaying they also give additional...
Show moreWe are developing theoretical and computational methods to study two related three-body processes in ultracold quantum gases: three-body resonances and three-body recombination. Three-body recombination causes the ultracold gas to heat up and atoms to leave the trap where they are confined. Therefore, it is an undesirable effect in the process of forming ultracold quantum gases. Metastable three-body states (resonances) are formed in the ultracold gas. When decaying they also give additional kinetic energy to the gas, that leads to the heating too. In addition, a reliable method to obtain three-body resonances would be useful in a number of problems in other fields of physics, for example, in models of metastable nuclei or to study dissociative recombination of H3 +. Our project consists of employing computer modeling to develop a method to obtain three-body resonances. The method uses a novel two-step diagonalization approach to solve the three-body Schrödinger equation. The approach employs the SVD method of Tolstikhin et al. coupled with a complex absorbing potential. We tested this method on a model system of three identical bosons with nucleon mass and compared it to the results of a previous study. This model can be employed to understand the 3He nucleus . We found one three-body bound state and four resonances. We are also studying Efimov resonances using a 4He-based model. In a system of identical spinless bosons, Efimov states are a series of loosely bound three-body states which begin to appear as the energy of the two-body bound state approaches zero . Although they were predicted 35 years ago, recent evidence of Efimov states found by Kraemer et al. in a gas of ultracold Cs atoms has sparked great interest by theorists and experimentalists. Efimov resonances are a kind of pre-dissociated Efimov trimer. To search for Efimov resonances we tune the diatom interaction potential, V(r): V(r) → λV(r) as Esry et al. did . We calculated the first two values of λ for which there is a "condensation" (infinite number) of Efimov states. They are λEfimov1 = 0.9765 and λEfimov2 = 6.834. We performed calculations for λ = 2.4, but found no evidence of Efimov resonances. For future work we plan to work with λ ≈ 4 and λ ≈ λEfimov2 where we might see d-wave and higher l-wave Efimov resonances. There is also a many-body project that forms part of this thesis and consists of a direct diagonalization of the Bogolyubov Hamiltonian, which describes elementary excitations of a gas of bosons interacting through a pairwise interaction. We would like to reproduce the corresponding energy spectrum. So far we have performed several convergence tests, but have not observed the desired energy spectrum. We show preliminary results.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2006
- Identifier
- CFE0001320, ucf:47026
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0001320
- Title
- THE NEW GIRL.
- Creator
-
Meredith, Angela Marie, Stap, Don, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
-
The New Girl is a collection of poems in which the poet assumes a direct, unfeigned voice. These rhythmic poems cover the deeply personal to the universal and social. The body is presented as a record of experiences both good and bad. Feminist issues pertainingto marriage, work, and sexuality are explored. Whether the poem is about a personal relationship or some aspect of society, it is likely to be multi-dimensional and suggest a duality. Overall, the poems are rooted in the spiritual and...
Show moreThe New Girl is a collection of poems in which the poet assumes a direct, unfeigned voice. These rhythmic poems cover the deeply personal to the universal and social. The body is presented as a record of experiences both good and bad. Feminist issues pertainingto marriage, work, and sexuality are explored. Whether the poem is about a personal relationship or some aspect of society, it is likely to be multi-dimensional and suggest a duality. Overall, the poems are rooted in the spiritual and attempt to relate, with holistic honesty, a sense of reverence for the impure parts of life.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2004
- Identifier
- CFE0000035, ucf:46107
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0000035
- Title
- THE EFFECTS OF EXPOSURE TO FEMINIST IDEOLOGY ON WOMEN'S BODY IMAGE.
- Creator
-
Peterson, Rachel, Dunn, Stacey, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
-
Body image disturbance has become an increasing problem among women (Cash & Henry, 1995). Thus researchers have begun to focus on methods of prevention and intervention. Programs utilizing psychoeducation and Festinger's cognitive dissonance theory, for example, have been found to reduce body image dissatisfaction and related symptomatology. The information provided and potential impact are limited, however, because the interventions do not offer women an adaptive method of interpreting the...
Show moreBody image disturbance has become an increasing problem among women (Cash & Henry, 1995). Thus researchers have begun to focus on methods of prevention and intervention. Programs utilizing psychoeducation and Festinger's cognitive dissonance theory, for example, have been found to reduce body image dissatisfaction and related symptomatology. The information provided and potential impact are limited, however, because the interventions do not offer women an adaptive method of interpreting the many appearance-related messages they experience. This study sought to determine if exposure to feminist theory of body image may act as a buffer a filter through which cultural messages about thinness and beauty are challenged. This feminist schema may provide an alternative interpretation of cultural messages, thereby increasing body image satisfaction. Participants were exposed to one of three interventions (feminist, psychoeducational, control). Exposure to the feminist condition resulted in increased physical appearance satisfaction and likelihood to self-identify as a feminist when compared with the control group. While findings were not extensive, they are nonetheless promising due to the brevity of the intervention.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2005
- Identifier
- CFE0000467, ucf:46374
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0000467
- Title
- STABILITY AND RECOVERY OF RNA IN BIOLOGICAL STAINS.
- Creator
-
Setzer, Mindy Eileen, Jack Ballantyne, Dr, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
-
In theory, RNA expression patterns, including the presence and relative abundance of particular RNA species, provide cell and tissue specific information that could be of use to forensic scientists. An mRNA based approach could allow the facile identification of the tissue components present in a body fluid stain and conceivably could supplant the battery of serological and biochemical tests currently employed in the forensic serology laboratory. Some of the potential advantages include...
Show moreIn theory, RNA expression patterns, including the presence and relative abundance of particular RNA species, provide cell and tissue specific information that could be of use to forensic scientists. An mRNA based approach could allow the facile identification of the tissue components present in a body fluid stain and conceivably could supplant the battery of serological and biochemical tests currently employed in the forensic serology laboratory. Some of the potential advantages include greater test specificity, and the ability to perform simultaneous analysis using a common assay format for the presence of all body fluids of forensic interest. In this report, the recovery and stability of RNA in forensic samples was evaluated by conducting an in-depth study on the persistence of RNA in biological stains. Stains were prepared from blood, saliva, semen, and vaginal secretions, and were exposed to a range of environmental conditions so that the affects of different light sources, temperatures, and environments could be assessed. Using the results from quantitation and sensitivity studies performed with pristine forensic stains, the RNA stability of samples which were collected over a period of 1 day to 1 year for blood, saliva, and vaginal secretion stains and for up to 6 months for semen stains were analyzed. The extent of RNA degradation within each type of body fluid stain was determined using quantitation of total RNA and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) with selected housekeeping and tissue-specific genes. The results show that RNA can be recovered from biological stains in sufficient quantity and quality for mRNA analysis. The results also show that mRNA is detectable in samples stored at room temperature for at least one year, but that heat and humidity appear to be very detrimental to the stability of RNA.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2004
- Identifier
- CFE0000077, ucf:46141
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0000077
- Title
- AN EXPLORATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN YOUNG WOMEN'S BODY ESTEEM, STIGMA CONSCIOUSNESS, AND AMBIVALENT SEXISM.
- Creator
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Uribe, Manuela, Modianos, Doan T., University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
-
This thesis seeks to explore how young women's body esteem is influenced by their beliefs about ambivalent sexism and stigma consciousness. In this study, a sample of 168 undergraduate female students at the University of Central Florida were asked to complete an online battery containing six psychological measures. The measures in this study included measures of body esteem and objectified body consciousness, perception and attitudes toward sexism, experiences with sexist events, and stigma...
Show moreThis thesis seeks to explore how young women's body esteem is influenced by their beliefs about ambivalent sexism and stigma consciousness. In this study, a sample of 168 undergraduate female students at the University of Central Florida were asked to complete an online battery containing six psychological measures. The measures in this study included measures of body esteem and objectified body consciousness, perception and attitudes toward sexism, experiences with sexist events, and stigma consciousness. The results showed an association between higher body esteem and higher beliefs in benevolent sexism, and no relationship was found between hostile sexism and body esteem. As expected, body consciousness was positively correlated with stigma consciousness and women who experienced more sexist events had higher stigma consciousness. Additionally, regression models predicting body esteem based on hostile sexism, benevolent sexism, and stigma consciousness were only significant for benevolent sexism. These findings suggest further research to explore body esteem in relation to sexism and stigma consciousness. The results of this study can help highlight the importance of a cultural context when addressing female body esteem issues.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2019
- Identifier
- CFH2000555, ucf:45695
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFH2000555
- Title
- Minimal Effects of Moderate Normobaric Hypoxia on the Upper-Body Work-Time Relationship in Recreationally-Active Women.
- Creator
-
Starling-Smith, Tristan, Fukuda, David, Stout, Jeffrey, Wells, Adam, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
-
INTRODUCTION: Hypoxic training protocols vary with respect to exercise modality and intensity. Variables derived from the work-time relationship, namely critical power (CP) and anaerobic working capacity (W'), have been previously examined during upper and lower-body exercise in hypoxia. However, these studies have neglected to examine women who reportedly exhibit different responses to exercise in hypoxia compared to men.PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of moderate normobaric hypoxia on the...
Show moreINTRODUCTION: Hypoxic training protocols vary with respect to exercise modality and intensity. Variables derived from the work-time relationship, namely critical power (CP) and anaerobic working capacity (W'), have been previously examined during upper and lower-body exercise in hypoxia. However, these studies have neglected to examine women who reportedly exhibit different responses to exercise in hypoxia compared to men.PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of moderate normobaric hypoxia on the parameters of the work-time relationship during upper body exercise in women. METHODS: Thirteen recreationally active women (age: 22.7 (&)#177; 2.6 y; height: 167 (&)#177; 8.6 cm; weight: 66.4 (&)#177; 9.7 kg; body fat: 27.6 (&)#177; 5% body fat) completed a graded exercise test in both normobaric hypoxia (H; FiO2=~14%) and normoxia (N; FiO2=~20%) to exhaustion on an arm ergometer to determine V?O2peak and peak power output (PPO). Each participant completed four constant work-rate arm-cranking tests at 90-120% PPO in both environmental conditions. Linear regression was used to estimate CP and AWC via the work-time relationship during the constant work-rate tests. Paired samples t tests compared mean differences between V?O2peak, PPO, CP and AWC between conditions (N vs. H). Two-way (condition (&)#215; intensity) repeated measures ANOVA was used to compare total work and time-to-exhaustion.RESULTS: H significantly reduced VO2peak (N: 1.73L/min (&)#177; .31L/min vs. H: 1.62L/min (&)#177; .27L/min, p=.008) but had minimal effects on PPO (N: 78.08W(&)#177;14.51W vs. H: 75.38W(&)#177;13.46, p=.089), CP (N: 57.44W(&)#177;18.89W vs. H: 56.01W(&)#177;12.36W, p=.546), and AWC (N: 4.81kJ(&)#177;1.01kJ vs. H: 4.56kJ(&)#177;.91kJ, p=.510). No significant condition (&)#215; intensity interactions were noted for total work or time-to-exhaustion (p(>).05). CONCLUSIONS: Moderate normobaric hypoxia significantly reduced VO2peak but had minimal effects on CP and AWC using the work-time model
Show less - Date Issued
- 2018
- Identifier
- CFE0007248, ucf:52184
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0007248
- Title
- SOCIAL COMPARISON, SELF-OBJECTIFICATION, AND OBJECTIFICATION OF OTHERS: INVESTIGATING THE VICIOUS CYCLE THAT LEADS TO BODY DISSATISFACTION AND DISORDERED EATING.
- Creator
-
Lindner, Danielle, Dunn, Stacey, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
-
The purpose of this study was to test a new theoretical model that integrates self-objectification, objectification of others, and social comparison as contributors to the development and maintenance of body image disturbance and disordered eating behavior. Within the new theoretical model, self-objectification, objectification of others, and social comparison are conceptualized as a self-perpetuating cycle, rather than as processes that occur independently of one another. Four hundred fifty...
Show moreThe purpose of this study was to test a new theoretical model that integrates self-objectification, objectification of others, and social comparison as contributors to the development and maintenance of body image disturbance and disordered eating behavior. Within the new theoretical model, self-objectification, objectification of others, and social comparison are conceptualized as a self-perpetuating cycle, rather than as processes that occur independently of one another. Four hundred fifty-nine female college students between the ages of 18 and 32 completed measures of self-objectification, objectification of others, social comparison, body shame, body dissatisfaction, and eating disorder symptomatology. Structural equation modeling with nested model comparisons was used to examine the fit of the new theoretical model relative to less complex models which contain only relationships which have received previous attention in the research literature (e.g., the relationship between self-objectification and body shame). Results indicated that the new theoretical model demonstrates good fit for the data and that the fit of this model is significantly better than the original model suggested by the literature. Hierarchical multiple regression and mediational analyses also provided support for the interplay between objectification and social comparison. Implications for clinical work as well as theory and measurement will be discussed.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2010
- Identifier
- CFE0003492, ucf:48938
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0003492
- Title
- NON-EROTIC COGNITIVE DISTRACTIONS DURING SEXUAL ACTIVITY IN HETEROSEXUAL AND GAY COLLEGE STUDENTS.
- Creator
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Lacefield, Katharine, Negy, Charles, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
-
The present study examined 100 gay and lesbian (LG) college students and 100 heterosexual students to determine whether group differences existed in frequency of and anxiety related to non-erotic cognitive distractions during sexual activity. Non-erotic cognitive distractions is a descriptive term for both self-evaluative cognitions related to physical performance and body image concerns, as well as additional cognitive distractions (e.g., contracting an STI or emotional concerns) during...
Show moreThe present study examined 100 gay and lesbian (LG) college students and 100 heterosexual students to determine whether group differences existed in frequency of and anxiety related to non-erotic cognitive distractions during sexual activity. Non-erotic cognitive distractions is a descriptive term for both self-evaluative cognitions related to physical performance and body image concerns, as well as additional cognitive distractions (e.g., contracting an STI or emotional concerns) during sexual activity. Participants, matched on gender (96 males and 104 females), age, and ethnicity, completed questionnaires assessing frequency and associated anxiety related to non-erotic cognitive distractions during sexual activity, as well as measures of additional variables (e.g., religiosity and self-esteem). Results indicated that LG participants experience significantly more cognitive distractions and concomitant anxiety related to body image, physical performance, and contracting a disease or illness during sexual activity. With regard to gender differences, men reported more distractions related to contracting a disease or illness than women. An interaction effect was observed between sexual orientation and gender for body image-, disease-, and external/emotional-based distractions. It also was found that gay men, lesbians, and heterosexual women reported significantly more body image concerns than straight men. Implications of these findings are discussed.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2010
- Identifier
- CFE0003068, ucf:48306
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0003068
- Title
- Pioneer of Self: An Intimate Retrospective.
- Creator
-
Diienno, Juliet, Buyssens, Ryan, Mills, Lisa, Price, Mark, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
-
Reality is ever changing, and as we gain experience, our perceptions of it transform. Plato's allegory of the cave addresses the way one person's journey from darkness into daylight transforms his reality. My own body of work can be described through this extended metaphor, similarly benefiting from effects of education, self-reflection, and experience dramatically altering my perceptions of myself and my artwork. As projected by Plato, I was forced through an arduous confrontation with my...
Show moreReality is ever changing, and as we gain experience, our perceptions of it transform. Plato's allegory of the cave addresses the way one person's journey from darkness into daylight transforms his reality. My own body of work can be described through this extended metaphor, similarly benefiting from effects of education, self-reflection, and experience dramatically altering my perceptions of myself and my artwork. As projected by Plato, I was forced through an arduous confrontation with my lack of understanding of the human condition, reshaping my ideas to comprehend and adapt to the metaphorical daylight. With new understanding, I return to give a secondary assessment of my identity and previous body of work.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2017
- Identifier
- CFE0006585, ucf:51260
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0006585
- Title
- The Development and Psychometric Evaluation of a New Measure of Self-Objectification.
- Creator
-
Lindner, Danielle, Dunn, Stacey, Negy, Charles, Jentsch, Florian, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
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Researchers have traditionally used two measures of self-objectification, the Self-Objectification Questionnaire (Noll (&) Fredrickson, 1998) and the Objectified Body Consciousness Body Surveillance subscale (McKinley (&) Hyde, 1996), to demonstrate that self-objectification is related to body shame and dissatisfaction, appearance anxiety, decreased awareness of internal states, decreased flow experiences, disordered eating, depression and sexual dysfunction. Although the SOQ and OBC have...
Show moreResearchers have traditionally used two measures of self-objectification, the Self-Objectification Questionnaire (Noll (&) Fredrickson, 1998) and the Objectified Body Consciousness Body Surveillance subscale (McKinley (&) Hyde, 1996), to demonstrate that self-objectification is related to body shame and dissatisfaction, appearance anxiety, decreased awareness of internal states, decreased flow experiences, disordered eating, depression and sexual dysfunction. Although the SOQ and OBC have been used widely, they also have several limitations, including problems with missing data, lack of generalizability, and concerns about content validity. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a new measure of self-objectification called the Self-Objectification Beliefs and Behaviors Scale (SOBBS). Male and female college students (473 women and 202 men) completed an online questionnaire including a pool of items designed to measure self-objectification. The item pool was constructed through focus groups and consultation with subject matter experts. Participants also completed two existing measures of self-objectification and related constructs (i.e., interpersonal sexual objectification, body image, disordered eating behavior, depressive symptoms, and sexual functioning), and a subset of participants completed the new measure at a two-week interval. A 12-item, 2-factor measure of self-objectification was derived through exploratory factor analysis. Overall, the newly developed measure demonstrated excellent internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Data also supported the convergent, discriminant, and incremental validity of the scale as a measure of self-objectification for women and men. Implications for research in the area of self-objectification and for the prevention and treatment of eating disorders will be discussed.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2014
- Identifier
- CFE0005367, ucf:50490
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0005367
- Title
- Personalized Digital Body: Enhancing Body Ownership and Spatial Presence in Virtual Reality.
- Creator
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Jung, Sungchul, Hughes, Charles, Foroosh, Hassan, Wisniewski, Pamela, Bruder, Gerd, Sandor, Christian, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
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person's sense of acceptance of a virtual body as his or her own is generally called virtual body ownership (VBOI). Having such a mental model of one's own body transferred to a virtual human surrogate is known to play a critical role in one's sense of presence in a virtual environment. Our focus in this dissertation is on top-down processing based on visual perception in both the visuomotor and the visuotactile domains, using visually personalized body cues. The visual cues we study here...
Show moreperson's sense of acceptance of a virtual body as his or her own is generally called virtual body ownership (VBOI). Having such a mental model of one's own body transferred to a virtual human surrogate is known to play a critical role in one's sense of presence in a virtual environment. Our focus in this dissertation is on top-down processing based on visual perception in both the visuomotor and the visuotactile domains, using visually personalized body cues. The visual cues we study here range from ones that we refer to as direct and others that we classify as indirect. Direct cues are associated with body parts that play a central role in the task we are performing. Such parts typically dominate a person's foveal view and will include one or both of their hands. Indirect body cues come from body parts that are normally seen in our peripheral view, e.g., legs and torso, and that are often observed through some mediation and are not directly associated with the current task.This dissertation studies how and to what degree direct and indirect cues affect a person's sense of VBOI for which they are receiving direct and, sometimes, inaccurate cues, and to investigate the relationship between enhanced virtual body ownership and task performance. Our experiments support the importance of a personalized representation, even for indirect cues. Additionally, we studied gradual versus instantaneous transition between one's own body and a virtual surrogate body, and between one's real-world environment and a virtual environment. We demonstrate that gradual transition has a significant influence on virtual body ownership and presence. In a follow-on study, we increase fidelity by using a personalized hand. Here, we demonstrate that a personalized hand significantly improves dominant visual illusions, resulting in more accurate perception of virtual object sizes.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2018
- Identifier
- CFE0007024, ucf:52033
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0007024
- Title
- Effects of weaning age on body composition and growth of ex situ California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) pups.
- Creator
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Davis, Brandon, Worthy, Graham, Hinkle, Ross, Nolan, Elizabeth, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
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Pinnipeds exhibit a wide range of lactation strategies that vary from just a few days to nearly three years in duration. Phocids have a relatively short, intense nursing period culminating with weaning after just a few days or weeks, while dependent otariids generally take several months of consuming a combined milk and solid food diet before being completely independent. The transition to nutritional independence can be particularly challenging for newly weaned pups, which must adjust to...
Show morePinnipeds exhibit a wide range of lactation strategies that vary from just a few days to nearly three years in duration. Phocids have a relatively short, intense nursing period culminating with weaning after just a few days or weeks, while dependent otariids generally take several months of consuming a combined milk and solid food diet before being completely independent. The transition to nutritional independence can be particularly challenging for newly weaned pups, which must adjust to behavioral, physiological and nutritional changes as a milk diet is replaced with solid food. An interruption in energy resources during this formative stage could result in a prioritization away from growth, maintenance, or activity resulting in suboptimal development.Three groups of ex situ California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) pups were examined during the initial period of independence after they were weaned at approximately five, seven, and nine months of age. Absolute growth rates of pups were calculated and changes in body composition were estimated using blubber depth measurements and deuterium oxide dilution to determine if weaning age had an effect on subsequent pup development and growth. Blood urea nitrogen and blood glucose levels were observed for their response to changes in body condition, while thyroid hormone levels in the blood were examined as a possible nutritional stress indicator during the pup's transition to solid food.When compared to in situ pups, the 5 month old pups in the present study had significantly greater body mass (39.6 (&)#177; 1.6 kg, p(<) 0.01), axillary girth (85.3 (&)#177; 2.9 cm, p(<) 0.01), and axillary blubber depth (2.3 (&)#177; 0.1 cm, p(<) 0.01) compared to 5 month old in situ pups (26.6 (&)#177; 5.2 kg / 70.6 (&)#177; 5.34 cm / 1.5 (&)#177; 0.2 cm). Nine month old ex situ pups had significantly greater axillary blubber depth (3.7 (&)#177; 0.9 cm, p(<) 0.01) and total body lipid percentage (24.9 (&)#177; 4.7%, p= 0.01) than in situ pups (1.5 (&)#177; 0.2 cm / 17.1 (&)#177; 4.9%). Although all pups in the present study survived the transition to solid food, there were apparent differences in how the different age groups responded physiologically. The five month old pups began the switch to solid food with the lowest overall blubber depth (2.6 (&)#177; 0.9 cm) and experienced the greatest change in body mass (-8.5 (&)#177; 1.6 kg) and composition while taking the longest to begin physiological recovery (31.7 (&)#177; 1.2 d). In contrast, the 9 month old pups entered the transition with more energy reserves (24.9 (&)#177; 4.7% TBL), began consuming solid food sooner (16.3 (&)#177; 0.6 d), and were able to utilize reserves more efficiently to minimize loss and promote faster growth.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2014
- Identifier
- CFE0005598, ucf:50259
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0005598
- Title
- DEVELOPMENT OF THEORETICAL AND COMPUTATIONAL METHODS FOR THREE-BODY PROCESSES.
- Creator
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Blandon Zapata, Juan, Kokoouline, Viatcheslav, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
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This thesis discusses the development and application of theoretical and computational methods to study three-body processes. The main focus is on the calculation of three-body resonances and bound states. This broadly includes the study of Efimov states and resonances, three-body shape resonances, three-body Feshbach resonances, three-body pre-dissociated states in systems with a conical intersection, and the calculation of three-body recombination rate coefficients. The method was applied...
Show moreThis thesis discusses the development and application of theoretical and computational methods to study three-body processes. The main focus is on the calculation of three-body resonances and bound states. This broadly includes the study of Efimov states and resonances, three-body shape resonances, three-body Feshbach resonances, three-body pre-dissociated states in systems with a conical intersection, and the calculation of three-body recombination rate coefficients. The method was applied to a number of systems. A chapter of the thesis is dedicated to the related study of deriving correlation diagrams for three-body states before and after a three-body collision. More specifically, the thesis discusses the calculation of the H+H+H three-body recombination rate coefficient using the developed method. Additionally, we discuss a conceptually simple and effective diabatization procedure for the calculation of pre-dissociated vibrational states for a system with a conical intersection. We apply the method to H_3, where the quantum molecular dynamics are notoriously difficult and where non-adiabatic couplings are important, and a correct description of the geometric phase associated with the diabatic representation is crucial for an accurate representation of these couplings. With our approach, we were also able to calculate Efimov-type resonances. The calculations of bound states and resonances were performed by formulating the problem in hyperspherical coordinates, and obtaining three-body eigenstates and eigen-energies by applying the hyperspherical adiabatic separation and the slow variable discretization. We employed the complex absorbing potential to calculate resonance energies and lifetimes, and introduce an uniquely defined diabatization procedure to treat X_3 molecules with a conical intersection. The proposed approach is general enough to be applied to problems in nuclear, atomic, molecular and astrophysics.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2009
- Identifier
- CFE0002669, ucf:48225
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0002669
- Title
- SEXUAL CONTENT IN MUSIC'S RELATIONSHIP WITH CONSUMERS' BODY IMAGE, SEXUALIZATION AND OBJECTIFICATION.
- Creator
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Gilbert, Marika, Wright, Chrysalis, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
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The current study examined the relationship between sexual content in popular pop, rap, and R&B music videos and female consumers' body image, self-objectification, the objectification of other women, and self-esteem. The current study had two main hypotheses: (1) exposure to sexual content in music videos would be negatively correlated with women's body image, self-objectification, and the objectification of other women and (2) Women's body image and self-objectification would mediate the...
Show moreThe current study examined the relationship between sexual content in popular pop, rap, and R&B music videos and female consumers' body image, self-objectification, the objectification of other women, and self-esteem. The current study had two main hypotheses: (1) exposure to sexual content in music videos would be negatively correlated with women's body image, self-objectification, and the objectification of other women and (2) Women's body image and self-objectification would mediate the relationship between exposure to sexual content in music videos and self-esteem. Participants included 308 female college students who answered questions related to the study aims online. Exposure to sexual content in music videos was estimated by the use of self-report viewing habits and content analysis using the frequency method of popular songs performed by artists highly rated by participants. Results indicated that there was a negative association between exposure to sexual content in R&B music videos and participants' objectification of other women as well as exposure to sexual content in rap music videos was associated with negative body image. Results also indicated that exposure to sexual content in rap music videos was related to increased self-objectification, which, in turn was related to decreased self-esteem among participants. Negative body image was also found to be related to decreased self-esteem among participants.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2016
- Identifier
- CFH2000130, ucf:45950
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFH2000130