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Title: TACTILE WORKING MEMORY AND MULTIMODAL LOADING.
Creator: Terrence, Peter, Gilson, Richard, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: This work explored the role of spatial grouping, set size, and stimulus probe modality using a recall task for visual, auditory, and tactile information. The effects of different working memory (WM) loading task modalities were also examined. The Gestalt spatial organizing principle of grouping showed improvements in response times for visual and tactile stimulus probes with large set sizes and apparently allowed participants to effectively chunk the information. This research suggests that...
Show moreThis work explored the role of spatial grouping, set size, and stimulus probe modality using a recall task for visual, auditory, and tactile information. The effects of different working memory (WM) loading task modalities were also examined. The Gestalt spatial organizing principle of grouping showed improvements in response times for visual and tactile stimulus probes with large set sizes and apparently allowed participants to effectively chunk the information. This research suggests that tactile information may use spatial characteristics typically associated with visual information, as well as sequential characteristics normally associated with verbal information. Based on these results, a reformulation of WM is warranted to remove the constraints of the input modality on processing types. The input modalities appear to access both a spatial sketchpad and a temporally-based sequence loop. Implications for multisensory research and display design are discussed.
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Date Issued: 2008
Identifier: CFE0002084, ucf:47564
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0002084

Title: MEMORY RETRIEVAL DEFICITS IN CHILDREN WITH ADHD: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF WORKING MEMORY.
Creator: Hale, Nicole K., Rapport, Mark D., University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: Children with ADHD exhibit impairments in memory retrieval processes that are required for successful performance in a wide range of activities including social/interpersonal interactions, as well as academic success. There have been few attempts of explaining the relationship between these memory retrieval deficits in children with ADHD and specific executive functions such as working memory. The current study addresses the possible mediating effects of the subsystems of working memory ...
Show moreChildren with ADHD exhibit impairments in memory retrieval processes that are required for successful performance in a wide range of activities including social/interpersonal interactions, as well as academic success. There have been few attempts of explaining the relationship between these memory retrieval deficits in children with ADHD and specific executive functions such as working memory. The current study addresses the possible mediating effects of the subsystems of working memory (phonological short-term memory, visual-spatial short-term memory, and the central executive) on memory retrieval. Children ages 8-12 with ADHD and typically developing children completed a counterbalanced series of working memory tasks that were specific to the subsystems (phonological and visual-spatial). The Central Executive portion of working memory was obtained using a regression approach of these measures. The children also completed the Kaufman Test of Educational Achievement (KTEA-II), as the associational fluency task was used as the memory retrieval measure for this investigation.
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Date Issued: 2019
Identifier: CFH2000479, ucf:45906
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFH2000479

Title: MUSIC AND MEMORY: A QUALITATIVE LOOK AT HOW MUSIC AFFECTS EPISODIC MEMORY.
Creator: Coad, Jonathan A, Sims, Valerie K., University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: This study was designed to examine qualitative data regarding gender and age differences about significant life events that are recalled when music is remembered. Two groups of participants were recruited, younger adults (M = 19.78, SD = 4.99) and older adults (M = 49.31, SD = 8.72). Data were collected by creating a survey and allowing participants to choose whichever songs, from their own experience, they like and asking them to list detailed memories that are attached to the song. Using...
Show moreThis study was designed to examine qualitative data regarding gender and age differences about significant life events that are recalled when music is remembered. Two groups of participants were recruited, younger adults (M = 19.78, SD = 4.99) and older adults (M = 49.31, SD = 8.72). Data were collected by creating a survey and allowing participants to choose whichever songs, from their own experience, they like and asking them to list detailed memories that are attached to the song. Using the Linguistic Inquiry Word Count (2015) software, data was coded into categories of word count, positive and negative emotions, and how sociable words are. On average, young adults (M = 18.66, SD = 13.39) use more words when recalling their musical memories than older adults (M = 15.09, SD = 8.86). Data also suggests that young women (M = 9.76, SD = 4.91) use less words that are ranked as social than older women (M = 13.44, SD = 6.25). The impact of this study sheds some light on how music influences the memories of our culture, our society, and our self.
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Date Issued: 2016
Identifier: CFH2000025, ucf:45598
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFH2000025

Title: The Christian Methodist Episcopal Church in the Memory of the Civil Rights Movement.
Creator: Nightingale, Brandon, Lester, Connie, Gordon, Fon, Walker, Ezekiel, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: The Christian Methodist Episcopal (CME) Church is a historically black church rooted in the South that was established in 1870. The church had been viewed historically as an (")old slavery(") church, due to its close relationship to the White Methodist Episcopal Church (formerly Methodist Episcopal Church, South (MECS). The history of the denomination encouraged the view that CME churches and schools had not been active in the Civil Rights Movement. Closer research into the denomination's...
Show moreThe Christian Methodist Episcopal (CME) Church is a historically black church rooted in the South that was established in 1870. The church had been viewed historically as an (")old slavery(") church, due to its close relationship to the White Methodist Episcopal Church (formerly Methodist Episcopal Church, South (MECS). The history of the denomination encouraged the view that CME churches and schools had not been active in the Civil Rights Movement. Closer research into the denomination's archives from 1954, when the church changed its name from (")Colored(") to (")Christian(") up to the 1970s, when the movement transitioned, challenges that interpretation. From the individual activist leaders across the South, to CME-affiliated historically black colleges associated with the black student movement, and the work of members of local congregations, the CME church can be shown to have been at the forefront of the movement. By focusing on three groups(-)CME leaders, church affiliated colleges, and a local congregation(-)this thesis argues that activism took many forms. Narrowly defining what constitutes civil rights activism risks overlooking important figures in the movement and failing to acknowledge the struggles individuals and church communities faced in the struggle to end disfranchisement and Jim Crow segregation. Understanding the role of the CME church in the Civil Rights Movement calls for expanding the meaning of the word activism to include acts of defiance and courage less well-understood.
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Date Issued: 2019
Identifier: CFE0007843, ucf:52832
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0007843

Title: Understanding Phonological Memory Deficits in Boys with Attention-deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): Dissociation of Short-Term Storage and Articulatory Rehearsal Processes.
Creator: Bolden, Jennifer, Rapport, Mark, Beidel, Deborah, Sims, Valerie, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: current study dissociated and examined the two primary components of the phonological working memory subsystem (-) the short-term store and articulatory rehearsal mechanism (-) in boys with ADHD (n = 18) relative to typically developing boys (n = 15). Word lists of increasing length (2, 4, and 6 words per trial) were presented to and recalled by children following a brief (3 s) interval to assess their phonological short-term storage capacity. Children's ability to utilize the articulatory...
Show morecurrent study dissociated and examined the two primary components of the phonological working memory subsystem (-) the short-term store and articulatory rehearsal mechanism (-) in boys with ADHD (n = 18) relative to typically developing boys (n = 15). Word lists of increasing length (2, 4, and 6 words per trial) were presented to and recalled by children following a brief (3 s) interval to assess their phonological short-term storage capacity. Children's ability to utilize the articulatory rehearsal mechanism to actively maintain information in the phonological short-term store was assessed using word lists at their established memory span but with extended rehearsal times (12 s and 21 s delays). Results indicate that both phonological short-term storage capacity and articulatory rehearsal are impaired or underdeveloped to a significant extent in boys with ADHD relative to typically developing boys, even after controlling for age, SES, IQ, reading ability, and reading speed. Larger magnitude deficits, however, were apparent in short-term storage capacity (ES = 1.15 to 1.98) relative to articulatory rehearsal (ES = 0.47 to 1.02). These findings are consistent with previous reports of deficient phonological short-term memory in boys with ADHD, and suggest that future attempts to develop remedial cognitive interventions for children with ADHD will need to include active components that require children to hold increasingly more information over longer time intervals.
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Date Issued: 2012
Identifier: CFE0004359, ucf:49432
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0004359

Title: ADHD AND WORKING MEMORY: THE IMPACT OF CENTRAL EXECUTIVE DEFICITS AND OVERWHELMING STORAGE/REHEARSAL CAPACITY ON OBSERVED INATTENTIVE BEHAVIOR.
Creator: Kofler, Michael, Rapport, Mark, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: Inattentive behavior is considered a core and pervasive feature of ADHD; however, an alternative model challenges this premise and hypothesizes a functional relationship between working memory and inattentive behavior. The current study investigated whether inattentive behavior in children with ADHD is functionally related to domain-general central executive and/or subsidiary storage/rehearsal components of working memory. Objective observations of children's attentive behavior by...
Show moreInattentive behavior is considered a core and pervasive feature of ADHD; however, an alternative model challenges this premise and hypothesizes a functional relationship between working memory and inattentive behavior. The current study investigated whether inattentive behavior in children with ADHD is functionally related to domain-general central executive and/or subsidiary storage/rehearsal components of working memory. Objective observations of children's attentive behavior by independent observers were conducted while children with ADHD (n=15) and typically developing children (n=14) completed 10 counterbalanced tasks that differentially manipulated central executive, phonological storage/rehearsal, and visuospatial storage/rehearsal demands. Results of latent variable and effect size confidence interval analyses revealed two conditions that completely accounted for the attentive behavior deficits in children with ADHD: (a) placing demands on central executive processing, the effect of which is evident under even low cognitive loads, and (b) overwhelming storage/rehearsal capacity, which has similar effects on children with ADHD and typically developing children but occurs at lower cognitive loads for children with ADHD. Collectively, the results challenge the current DSM-IV conceptualization of ADHD and indicate that inattentive behavior may be secondary to underlying working memory deficits.
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Date Issued: 2009
Identifier: CFE0002695, ucf:48201
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0002695

Title: The Sleepless Ouroboros.
Creator: Bohl, Grant, Stap, Donald, Thaxton, Terry, Uttich, Laurie, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: The poems in The Sleepless Ouroboros are about the obsessions which come to define a person. These obsessions are memories, dreams, objects or ideas that cannot be separated from the whole. Poems such as (")Thinking of Big Moe(") and (")It Begins with a Fox(") grapple with the limitations of memory, while poems such as (")The Python(") and (")Heirloom(") counterpoint memory's weakness with the supposed permanence of physical artifacts. Depression and anger, the anxieties of identity and...
Show moreThe poems in The Sleepless Ouroboros are about the obsessions which come to define a person. These obsessions are memories, dreams, objects or ideas that cannot be separated from the whole. Poems such as (")Thinking of Big Moe(") and (")It Begins with a Fox(") grapple with the limitations of memory, while poems such as (")The Python(") and (")Heirloom(") counterpoint memory's weakness with the supposed permanence of physical artifacts. Depression and anger, the anxieties of identity and displacement, and representations of the people and animals that leave lasting impact on a life are all addressed as vital components of the completed speaker. In the middle of the collection (")The Mad Scientist Sleeps(") and (")Through Milk and Oil(") surround (")Insomnia and Autocannibalism,(") reaching the core of the speaker's identity throughout the collection, imagined, present, or past. The collection, like its namesake the ouroboros, ends in the same place it begins. This cyclical motion through the collection seeks to bring the varying voices throughout into a complete, if conflicted whole.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: CFE0006568, ucf:51345
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0006568

Title: PERCEPTUAL GROUPING BY CLOSURE IN VISUAL WORKING MEMORY.
Creator: Neira, Sofia, Neider, Mark, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: Research on visual working memory (VWM) suggests a capacity limit of three to four objects (Luck & Vogel, 1997), but recent studies on the fidelity of VWM capacity for objects indicates that informational bandwidth, which can vary with factors like complexity and amenability to perceptual grouping, can interact with this capacity (Brady, Konkle & Alvarez, 2011). For example, individual features can be grouped into objects for an added benefit in VWM capacity (Xu, 2002). Along these lines, the...
Show moreResearch on visual working memory (VWM) suggests a capacity limit of three to four objects (Luck & Vogel, 1997), but recent studies on the fidelity of VWM capacity for objects indicates that informational bandwidth, which can vary with factors like complexity and amenability to perceptual grouping, can interact with this capacity (Brady, Konkle & Alvarez, 2011). For example, individual features can be grouped into objects for an added benefit in VWM capacity (Xu, 2002). Along these lines, the Gestalt principles of proximity and connectedness have been shown to benefit VWM, although they do not influence capacity equally (Xu 2006; Woodman, Vecera & Luck, 2003). Closure, which has not been investigated for its influence in VWM capacity, is similar to connectedness and proximity as it promotes the perception of a coherent object without physical connections. In the current experiment, we evaluated whether closure produces similar or greater VWM capacity advantages compared to proximity by having participants engage in a change detection task. Four L-shaped features were grouped in tilted clusters to either form an object (closure condition) or not (no-object condition), with a set size of two (8 L features), four (16 L features), or six clusters (24 L features). Following a brief mask (1000 ms), the orientation of one cluster was changed (tilted 25 or -25 degrees) on half the trials. Our results indicate that there was no difference in accuracy or reaction time for the perceptual grouping conditions of closure/no-object, although we did find a main effect for set size and change conditions. Overall, it seems that grouping by closure provides no further advantages to VWM capacity than proximity; however, more experiments need to be conducted to solidify the findings of the current experiment.
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Date Issued: 2016
Identifier: CFH2000038, ucf:45604
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFH2000038

Title: THE IMPACT OF TRAINING ON EYEWITNESS MEMORY.
Creator: Nelson, Breanna, Whitten, Shannon, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: In a large body of research, Elizabeth Loftus (1975) first illuminated major concerns about the inaccuracy of eyewitness accounts. The primary goal of the present research was to test whether training regarding common eyewitness mistakes and witness suggestibility could improve eyewitness accuracy. The experimental group watched a presentation on research conducted by Elizabeth Loftus (1975) on eyewitness testimony and suggestibility during a Psychology course. Afterwards, an actor...
Show moreIn a large body of research, Elizabeth Loftus (1975) first illuminated major concerns about the inaccuracy of eyewitness accounts. The primary goal of the present research was to test whether training regarding common eyewitness mistakes and witness suggestibility could improve eyewitness accuracy. The experimental group watched a presentation on research conducted by Elizabeth Loftus (1975) on eyewitness testimony and suggestibility during a Psychology course. Afterwards, an actor interrupted the classroom and had a discussion with the teacher. Students were asked a series of questions about the disruption. Some of the questions were leading and suggested certain things about the disruption that were inaccurate. After the misleading questions were asked, students were instructed to write a brief summary of what they saw. One week later, the students were asked direct questions about the disruption. A control group did not receive the presentation on eyewitness testimony, but witnessed the exact same event as the experimental group and followed the same procedure. The results suggest that participants who were trained were not as influenced as participants in the control group. Additionally, students in the control group reported the actor's behavior as more threatening than did the experimental group. This research not only adds to the existing literature, but has the potential to improve current eyewitness identification procedures in order to strengthen our justice system.
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Date Issued: 2013
Identifier: CFH0004379, ucf:45023
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFH0004379

Title: GENERATION AND THE GOOGLE EFFECT: TRANSACTIVE MEMORY SYSTEM PREFERENCE ACROSS AGE.
Creator: Siler, Jessica, Hancock, Peter, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: A transactive memory system (TMS) is a means by which people may store information externally; in such a system the task of remembering is offloaded by remembering where information is located, rather than remembering the information itself. As Sparrow et al. (2011) suggest in the article Google Effects on Memory: Cognitive Consequences of Having Information at Our Fingertips, people are beginning to use the internet and computers as a TMS, and this use is changing the way people encounter...
Show moreA transactive memory system (TMS) is a means by which people may store information externally; in such a system the task of remembering is offloaded by remembering where information is located, rather than remembering the information itself. As Sparrow et al. (2011) suggest in the article Google Effects on Memory: Cognitive Consequences of Having Information at Our Fingertips, people are beginning to use the internet and computers as a TMS, and this use is changing the way people encounter and treat information. The purpose of this thesis is to investigate whether preference for TMS type (either with books or with computers) varies across age groups. An interaction between TMS preference and age was hypothesized. Before the onset of the internet age, information was primarily found in books and other print materials whereas now the internet is more frequently used, thus this shift in thinking and habit across generations was expected to emerge in the data. The study yielded a total of 51 participants, 32 from the young age group (ages 18-24) and 19 from the old (ages 61-81). A modified Stroop task and question blocks (for priming purposes) were employed to examine whether people are prone to think of book- or computer-related sources when in search of information. Also, a "Look up or Learn" tendencies survey was used to better understand how people decide whether certain information should be learned or left to be "looked up" later (Yacci & Rosanski, 2012). The mixed ANOVA did not reveal main effects for question difficulty or TMS type, nor was an interaction with age found. The results were not consistent with those of Sparrow et al. (2011) and did not show significance for TMS preference. Future studies should continue to examine the Google effect and TMS preference, as it bears important applications for a number of fields.
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Date Issued: 2013
Identifier: CFH0004473, ucf:45118
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFH0004473

Title: "A Memorial and a Name": Construction of Public Memory Through Chronotopic Arrangement of Antecedent Genre at Yad Vashem.
Creator: Brennan, Emily, Rounsaville, Angela, Scott, Blake, Walls, Douglas, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: This spring marked the 70th anniversary of the defeat of the Nazis and the end of the Holocaust in Europe. Memory of this genocide has occupied a central place in Israeli identity since the establishment of the state. This thesis explores the history of Holocaust memory in Israel and examines how public memory is constructed in the present, as the era of the survivor draws to a close and commemorative efforts linked to survivors take on a sense of urgency. The contemporary memorial places...
Show moreThis spring marked the 70th anniversary of the defeat of the Nazis and the end of the Holocaust in Europe. Memory of this genocide has occupied a central place in Israeli identity since the establishment of the state. This thesis explores the history of Holocaust memory in Israel and examines how public memory is constructed in the present, as the era of the survivor draws to a close and commemorative efforts linked to survivors take on a sense of urgency. The contemporary memorial places examined in this study are part of Yad Vashem, Israel's premier institution for Holocaust commemoration. The thesis focuses on the museum's Hall of Names and its analogous web space, the Central Database of Shoah Victims' Names. Specifically, I draw on two concepts from Rhetorical Genre Studies(-)the chronotope (Bakhtin) and antecedent genre (Jamieson)(-)to examine the relationship between genre and the making of public memory. The findings of this analysis point to the importance of the antecedent genre of Holocaust testimony in the construction of public memory at Yad Vashem. Through a chronotopic analysis of the Hall of Names and the Central Database, I found that the genre of testimony changed across these spaces to ideologically construct memory in different ways. It is in the Hall of Names and Central Database's repurposing of the testimonial genre, and the expression of this genre through chronotopic arrangement in each of these locations, that a legacy of social concerns coalesces into the memorial expression of the contemporary moment. This study contributes to scholarship on the rhetorical construction of public memory and Rhetorical Genre Studies. First, it suggests the importance of genre and genre change in considerations of the rhetorical construction of public memory. Second, it suggests additionalconsiderations in determining how context affects genre and vice versa when features of time and space are especially salient for meaning-making. Specifically, these findings suggest additional complexity in the relationship between genre and the chronotope: genre change across contexts may result from a genre's integration into places with different space/time arrangements.
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Date Issued: 2015
Identifier: CFE0005913, ucf:50836
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0005913

Title: Towards High-Efficiency Data Management In the Next-Generation Persistent Memory System.
Creator: Chen, Xunchao, Wang, Jun, Fan, Deliang, Lin, Mingjie, Ewetz, Rickard, Zhang, Shaojie, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: For the sake of higher cell density while achieving near-zero standby power, recent research progress in Magnetic Tunneling Junction (MTJ) devices has leveraged Multi-Level Cell (MLC) configurations of Spin-Transfer Torque Random Access Memory (STT-RAM). However, in order to mitigate the write disturbance in an MLC strategy, data stored in the soft bit must be restored back immediately after the hard bit switching is completed. Furthermore, as the result of MTJ feature size scaling, the soft...
Show moreFor the sake of higher cell density while achieving near-zero standby power, recent research progress in Magnetic Tunneling Junction (MTJ) devices has leveraged Multi-Level Cell (MLC) configurations of Spin-Transfer Torque Random Access Memory (STT-RAM). However, in order to mitigate the write disturbance in an MLC strategy, data stored in the soft bit must be restored back immediately after the hard bit switching is completed. Furthermore, as the result of MTJ feature size scaling, the soft bit can be expected to become disturbed by the read sensing current, thus requiring an immediate restore operation to ensure the data reliability. In this paper, we design and analyze a novel Adaptive Restore Scheme for Write Disturbance (ARS-WD) and Read Disturbance (ARS-RD), respectively. ARS-WD alleviates restoration overhead by intentionally overwriting soft bit lines which are less likely to be read. ARS-RD, on the other hand, aggregates the potential writes and restore the soft bit line at the time of its eviction from higher level cache. Both of these two schemes are based on a lightweight forecasting approach for the future read behavior of the cache block. Our experimental results show substantial reduction in soft bit line restore operations. Moreover, ARS promotes advantages of MLC to provide a preferable L2 design alternative in terms of energy, area and latency product compared to SLC STT-RAM alternatives. Whereas the popular Cell Split Mapping (CSM) for MLC STT-RAM leverages the inter-block nonuniform access frequency, the intra-block data access features remain untapped in the MLC design. Aiming to minimize the energy-hungry write request to Hard-Bit Line (HBL) and maximize the dynamic range in the advantageous Soft-Bit Line (SBL), an hybrid mapping strategy for MLC STT-RAM cache (Double-S) is advocated in the paper. Double-S couples the contemporary Cell-Split-Mapping with the novel Word-Split-Mapping (WSM). Sparse cache block detector and read depth based data allocation/ migration policy are proposed to release the full potential of Double-S.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: CFE0006865, ucf:51751
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0006865

Title: THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PSYCHOMETRICALLY-DEFINED SOCIAL ANXIETY AND WORKING MEMORY PERFORMANCE.
Creator: Paskowski, Timothy, Bedwell, Jeffrey, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: Anxiety disorders are among the most commonly diagnosed class of mental illness in the United States, and often involve abnormally high levels of stress and social fear. Despite high lifetime prevalence rates, social anxiety disorder (SAD) has remarkably low diagnosis and treatment rates. Furthermore, while individuals with other specific psychiatric disorders tend to exhibit significant neuropsychological deficits, neuropsychological functioning in individuals with SAD remains largely...
Show moreAnxiety disorders are among the most commonly diagnosed class of mental illness in the United States, and often involve abnormally high levels of stress and social fear. Despite high lifetime prevalence rates, social anxiety disorder (SAD) has remarkably low diagnosis and treatment rates. Furthermore, while individuals with other specific psychiatric disorders tend to exhibit significant neuropsychological deficits, neuropsychological functioning in individuals with SAD remains largely untested. A majority of the few existing studies concerning neuropsychological performance in SAD samples focus on specific functions, and their limited results are highly mixed. The primary objective of this investigation was to provide a more thorough, broad assessment of both auditory and visual working memory as related to psychometrically-defined social anxiety disorder. In addition, this study aimed to help clarify as to whether such deficits are related to the construct of social anxiety, or whether any potential deficits are better explained by generalized state and/or trait (in-the-moment) anxiety. The implications of a deficit in the visual and/or auditory working memory domains are multifaceted. For example, such a deficit may lead to the inability to detect visual cues in social situations. The inability to process these social cues has the potential to exacerbate some SAD- related symptoms, such as fear of humiliation and judgment. Twenty-nine college students completed both phases of this study, including an assessment of state and trait anxiety as well as social phobia and a four-part working memory battery. An analysis of the Phase II data indicates that individual scores on the four measures of both visual and auditory working memory did not relate to trait and/or state anxiety or psychometrically-defined social anxiety. Thus, it appears that social, generalized trait, and generalized state anxiety do not relate to a neuropsychological deficit in either type of working memory in this sample population. However, we did find a statistical trend suggesting that as social anxiety increased, there was a relative decrease in visual vs. auditory working memory. This statistical trend remained after covarying for state and trait anxiety respectively. Therefore, future research in this area should examine the discrepancy in performance between the auditory and visual working memory domains as it relates to both diagnosed social phobia and psychometrically-defined social anxiety.
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Date Issued: 2011
Identifier: CFH0003798, ucf:44744
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFH0003798

Title: MEMORY OF WORDS: A CATEGORIZATION TASK.
Creator: Maxim, Paulina, Sims, Valerie, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: Through the years, the Deese-Roediger-McDermott Paradigm has demonstrated to be a useful method of observing false memories from semantically related word lists. The present study was conducted fully online and measured memory performance dependent on categorization of words by using groups, as well as dragging words across the page as a form of interaction. In a 2 (Categorized, Non-Categorized) x 2 (Interactive, Non-Interactive) between-subject factorial experiment, 56 undergraduate students...
Show moreThrough the years, the Deese-Roediger-McDermott Paradigm has demonstrated to be a useful method of observing false memories from semantically related word lists. The present study was conducted fully online and measured memory performance dependent on categorization of words by using groups, as well as dragging words across the page as a form of interaction. In a 2 (Categorized, Non-Categorized) x 2 (Interactive, Non-Interactive) between-subject factorial experiment, 56 undergraduate students were shown 18 different lists of 15 associative words to be studied, one list at a time. Participants were given a free recall test immediately after studying each individual list. Participants also performed a recognition test after having studied and recalled all 18 lists, which consisted of 216 items; half of the words were presented throughout the studied lists, and the other half consisted of the 18 critical lure words as well as several other distractor items from a subset of word lists. It was hypothesized that participants in both the categorization and interaction condition would show the highest levels of accurate memory recall and recognition compared to those who were simply given a list to review. Findings did not support this hypothesis indicating no clear differences between participants who categorized (or not) or interacted with the lists (or not). High probabilities were found for words ranked as highly falsely recalled and low probabilities were found for those ranked towards the bottom, much like the findings in Stadler et al., (1999).
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Date Issued: 2018
Identifier: CFH2000393, ucf:45903
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFH2000393

Title: ANALYZING INSTRUCTTION BASED CACHE REPLACEMENT POLICIES.
Creator: Xiang, Ping, Zhou, Huiyang, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: The increasing speed gap between microprocessors and off-chip DRAM makes last-level caches (LLCs) a critical component for computer performance. Multi core processors aggravate the problem since multiple processor cores compete for the LLC. As a result, LLCs typically consume a significant amount of the die area and effective utilization of LLCs is mandatory for both performance and power efficiency. We present a novel replacement policy for last-level caches (LLCs). The fundamental...
Show moreThe increasing speed gap between microprocessors and off-chip DRAM makes last-level caches (LLCs) a critical component for computer performance. Multi core processors aggravate the problem since multiple processor cores compete for the LLC. As a result, LLCs typically consume a significant amount of the die area and effective utilization of LLCs is mandatory for both performance and power efficiency. We present a novel replacement policy for last-level caches (LLCs). The fundamental observation is to view LLCs as a shared resource among multiple address streams with each stream being generated by a static memory access instruction. The management of LLCs in both single-core and multi-core processors can then be modeled as a competition among multiple instructions. In our proposed scheme, we prioritize those instructions based on the number of LLC accesses and reuses and only allow cache lines having high instruction priorities to replace those of low priorities. The hardware support for our proposed replacement policy is light-weighted. Our experimental results based on a set of SPEC 2006 benchmarks show that it achieves significant performance improvement upon the least-recently used (LRU) replacement policy for benchmarks with high numbers of LLC misses. To handle LRU-friendly workloads, the set sampling technique is adopted to retain the benefits from the LRU replacement policy.
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Date Issued: 2010
Identifier: CFE0003377, ucf:48481
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0003377

Title: The Effects of Presence and Cognitive Load on Episodic Memory in Virtual Environments.
Creator: Barclay, Paul, Sims, Valerie, Bowers, Clint, Jentsch, Florian, Fiore, Stephen, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: Episodic memory refers to an individual's memory for events that they have experienced in the past along with the associated contextual details. In order to more closely reflect the way that episodic memory functions in the real world, researchers and clinicians test episodic memory using virtual environments. However, these virtual environments introduce new interfaces and task demands that are not present in traditional methodologies. This dissertation investigates these environments...
Show moreEpisodic memory refers to an individual's memory for events that they have experienced in the past along with the associated contextual details. In order to more closely reflect the way that episodic memory functions in the real world, researchers and clinicians test episodic memory using virtual environments. However, these virtual environments introduce new interfaces and task demands that are not present in traditional methodologies. This dissertation investigates these environments through the lenses of Presence and Cognitive Load theories in order to unravel the ways that basic technological and task differences may affect memory performance. Participants completed a virtual task under High and Low Immersion conditions intended to manipulate Presence and Single-Task, Ecological Dual-Task and Non-Ecological Dual-Task conditions intended to manipulate cognitive load. Afterward they completed a battery of memory tasks assessing spatial, object, and feature binding aspects of episodic memory. Analysis through 2x3 ANOVA showed that performance for spatial memory is greatly improved by manipulation of Presence, where performance for object memory is improved by germane cognitive load. Exploratory analyses also revealed significant gender differences in spatial memory performance, indicating that improving Presence may offset the higher levels in male performance traditionally seen on spatial tasks. These results have practical implications for clinical memory assessment, as well as training paradigms and may serve to highlight the differences in the ways that memory is studied in the laboratory versus the way that it is employed in day-to-day life. Future studies based on this research should focus on linking these differences in memory performance to visuospatial and verbal strategies of memorization and determining whether the effects observed in this study replicate using other manipulations of presence and cognitive load.
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Date Issued: 2019
Identifier: CFE0007601, ucf:52521
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0007601

Title: In-Memory Computing Using Formal Methods and Paths-Based Logic.
Creator: Velasquez, Alvaro, Jha, Sumit Kumar, Leavens, Gary, Wu, Annie, Subramani, K., University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: The continued scaling of the CMOS device has been largely responsible for the increase in computational power and consequent technological progress over the last few decades. However, the end of Dennard scaling has interrupted this era of sustained exponential growth in computing performance. Indeed, we are quickly reaching an impasse in the form of limitations in the lithographic processes used to fabricate CMOS processes and, even more dire, we are beginning to face fundamental physical...
Show moreThe continued scaling of the CMOS device has been largely responsible for the increase in computational power and consequent technological progress over the last few decades. However, the end of Dennard scaling has interrupted this era of sustained exponential growth in computing performance. Indeed, we are quickly reaching an impasse in the form of limitations in the lithographic processes used to fabricate CMOS processes and, even more dire, we are beginning to face fundamental physical phenomena, such as quantum tunneling, that are pervasive at the nanometer scale. Such phenomena manifests itself in prohibitively high leakage currents and process variations, leading to inaccurate computations. As a result, there has been a surge of interest in computing architectures that can replace the traditional CMOS transistor-based methods. This thesis is a thorough investigation of how computations can be performed on one such architecture, called a crossbar. The methods proposed in this document apply to any crossbar consisting of two-terminal connective devices. First, we demonstrate how paths of electric current between two wires can be used as design primitives in a crossbar. We then leverage principles from the field of formal methods, in particular the area of bounded model checking, to automate the synthesis of crossbar designs for computing arithmetic operations. We demonstrate that our approach yields circuits that are state-of-the-art in terms of the number of operations required to perform a computation. Finally, we look at the benefits of using a 3D crossbar for computation; that is, a crossbar consisting of multiple layers of interconnects. A novel 3D crossbar computing paradigm is proposed for solving the Boolean matrix multiplication and transitive closure problems and we show how this paradigm can be utilized, with small modifications, in the XPoint crossbar memory architecture that was recently announced by Intel.
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Date Issued: 2018
Identifier: CFE0007419, ucf:52720
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0007419

Title: USE OF A MUSIC AND MEMORY PROGRAM BY CAREGIVERS OF PERSONS WITH DEMENTIA.
Creator: Mendez Campos, Barbara, Gammonley, Denise, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: Although use of personal music devices by persons with dementia and their caregivers is now widespread, there is limited literature concerning music and memory's effects on caregivers for persons with dementia. Caregivers were provided an iPod by two respite agencies and were encouraged to use it with their care recipient. A mailed survey of 50 caregivers who received an IPod explored: (a) associations between use of an iPod and caregiver self-efficacy, burden, and care recipient functional...
Show moreAlthough use of personal music devices by persons with dementia and their caregivers is now widespread, there is limited literature concerning music and memory's effects on caregivers for persons with dementia. Caregivers were provided an iPod by two respite agencies and were encouraged to use it with their care recipient. A mailed survey of 50 caregivers who received an IPod explored: (a) associations between use of an iPod and caregiver self-efficacy, burden, and care recipient functional abilities, and; (b) if the method of presenting the music playlist was associated with use of the iPod. Associations were examined for 10 complete surveys returned by caregiver respondents using non-parametric methods. There was no relationship between self-efficacy, burden, functional abilities and use of the iPod. A content analysis was conducted of caregiver open-ended responses to questions about factors associated with use of the device. Mean caregiver age in this study was 75 years of age, care recipient mean was 79 years of age. On average caregivers used the IPods 2-3 times per month. Scores on caregiver burden measured by the 12-item Zarit Burden Interview had a mean of 12.5 which suggests a moderate level of burden. Emergent themes from caregiver open-ended responses about using the device revealed care recipients as primary users, use mostly in the evening, and in response to caregiving tasks or difficult care recipient behaviors. Keywords: Music and memory, dementia caregiver burden, self-efficacy
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: CFH2000181, ucf:46046
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFH2000181

Title: COMMISSIONING OF A DYNAMIC MECHANICAL ANALYZERFOR THE CHARACTERIZATION OF LOW TEMPERATURE NITIFE SHAPE MEMORY ALLOYS.
Creator: Nandiraju, Maruthi Diwakar, Vaidyanathan, Raj, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: NiTiFe shape memory alloys can undergo transformations between cubic, trigonal and monoclinic phases at low temperatures. The low hysteresis associated with the trigonal R-phase transformation make them candidates for actuator applications at low temperatures. However, the literature available on these alloys is limited and there is a need to establish processing-structure-property correlations. This study was undertaken with the objective of determining and understanding such correlations in...
Show moreNiTiFe shape memory alloys can undergo transformations between cubic, trigonal and monoclinic phases at low temperatures. The low hysteresis associated with the trigonal R-phase transformation make them candidates for actuator applications at low temperatures. However, the literature available on these alloys is limited and there is a need to establish processing-structure-property correlations. This study was undertaken with the objective of determining and understanding such correlations in a Ni46.8Ti50Fe3.2 alloy. First, a dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA) was successfully commissioned to facilitate mechanical testing between -150 and 600ºC. The experiments performed over selected ranges of stress and temperature probed a range of deformation phenomena in these materials. In addition to conventional elastic and dislocation based plastic deformation, also probed were stress-induced formation of the R- and martensite (B19') phases, and twinning in the R- and martensite (B19') phases. Constrained recovery experiments, wherein phase transformations were thermally induced against external loads, were also performed to assess the performance of these alloys in actuator applications. In addition to a DMA, a differential scanning calorimeter, liquid helium dilatometer and a transmission electron microscope were also used. The samples tested were subjected to different thermo-mechanical processing parameters (i.e., percentage of cold work, solutionizing, aging, and annealing time/temperature). Selected combinations of cold work and annealing temperature/times were found to result in narrower transformations (in temperature space), making such alloys of value in cyclic actuator applications. Thus this work contributed to further understand the processing-structure-property relationship in NiTiFe alloys that exhibit the R-phase transformation and in lowering the operating temperature range of shape-memory alloys in order for them to be used in hydrogen related technologies. The immediate benefit to NASA Kennedy Space Center is the development of a shape-memory thermal conduction switch for application in cryogenic liquefaction, densification and zero boil-off systems. This is being extended to include the potential use of shape-memory alloy actuator elements for cryogenic seals, valves, fluid-line repair, self-healing gaskets, and even to ambient debris-less separation and latch/release mechanisms. The financial support of NASA through grant NAG3-2751 is gratefully acknowledged.
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Date Issued: 2006
Identifier: CFE0001409, ucf:47041
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0001409

Title: GAMMA HYDROXYBUTYRATE USE AMONG COLLEGE STUDENTS: APPLICATION OF A MEMORY MODEL TO EXPLORE THE INFLUENCE OF OUTCOME EXPECTANCIES.
Creator: Brown, Pamela, Dunn, Michael, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: Gamma Hydroxybutyrate (GHB) was banned from the consumer market by the Food and Drug Administration in 1991. Despite the ban, use of GHB has continued to contribute to thousands of emergency department visits and numerous fatalities in recent years. Efforts to reduce the use of this drug have had limited impact, which may be the result of using traditional prevention strategies that focus exclusively on educating people about of negative consequences of substance use rather than addressing...
Show moreGamma Hydroxybutyrate (GHB) was banned from the consumer market by the Food and Drug Administration in 1991. Despite the ban, use of GHB has continued to contribute to thousands of emergency department visits and numerous fatalities in recent years. Efforts to reduce the use of this drug have had limited impact, which may be the result of using traditional prevention strategies that focus exclusively on educating people about of negative consequences of substance use rather than addressing the factors that motivate use. In an effort to identify motivational factors that could be targeted in future prevention efforts, the present study was designed to examine outcome expectancies for GHB that may promote use of this drug. Methodology that has led to successful strategies to reduce alcohol use was applied to identify GHB expectancies and model cognitive processes likely to encourage or discourage GHB use. Individual differences scaling was used to empirically model a two dimensional semantic network of GHB expectancies stored in memory, and preference mapping was used to model likely paths of expectancy activation for male and female GHB users and nonusers. Differences in expectancies between GHB users and nonusers followed patterns previously identified in relation to alcohol expectancies and alcohol use. Conclusions were limited by relatively low numbers of GHB users in the sample, despite the use of a very large number of participants, overall. Despite this limitation these findings lay the groundwork for development and validation of GHB expectancy based prevention strategies.
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Date Issued: 2008
Identifier: CFE0002090, ucf:47538
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0002090

memory (22)	+ -
working memory (17)	+ -
ADHD (10)	+ -
Memory (10)	+ -
NiTi (7)	+ -

Working Memory (7)	+ -
Shape Memory Alloys (5)	+ -
SMA (4)	+ -
Shape memory alloys (3)	+ -
attention (3)	+ -
childhood (3)	+ -
experience (3)	+ -
sex (3)	+ -
shape memory alloy (3)	+ -
shape memory alloys (3)	+ -
Aging (2)	+ -
Alzheimer's (2)	+ -
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (2)	+ -
Cognition (2)	+ -
Film (2)	+ -
Fine Art (2)	+ -
History (2)	+ -
Multitasking (2)	+ -
Neutron Diffraction (2)	+ -
NiTiFe (2)	+ -
Poetry (2)	+ -
Psychology (2)	+ -
Public History (2)	+ -
Reconstructive Memory (2)	+ -
Shape Memory Polymer (2)	+ -

ETD Collection (98)	+ -
Honors Collection (24)	+ -

University of Central Florida (122)	+ -
Rapport, Mark (14)	+ -
Beidel, Deborah (10)	+ -
Sims, Valerie (9)	+ -
Vaidyanathan, Raj (9)	+ -

Mouloua, Mustapha (7)	+ -
Bedwell, Jeffrey (5)	+ -
Fiore, Stephen (5)	+ -
Bowers, Clint (4)	+ -
DeMara, Ronald (4)	+ -
Fan, Deliang (4)	+ -
Gou, Jihua (4)	+ -
Paulson, Daniel (4)	+ -
Smither, Janan (4)	+ -
Thaxton, Terry (4)	+ -
Vaidyanathan, Rajan (4)	+ -
Vasquez, Eleazar (4)	+ -
Wu, Annie (4)	+ -
Cassanello, Robert (3)	+ -
Dunn, Michael (3)	+ -
Gannon, Barbara (3)	+ -
Gordon, Fon (3)	+ -
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