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Title: A DERIVATION OF AN EMPIRICAL EQUATION FOR ESTIMATING THE ACOUSTICAL SHADOW ZONE LENGTH OF ROADWAY NOISE BARRIERS.
Creator: Arner, Wayne, Wayson, Roger, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: The objective of this research was to derive an empirical equation that estimates the acoustical shadow zone length (SZL) of roadway noise barriers. The acoustical shadow zone is the area behind a noise barrier of reduced sound levels, generally to some stated level at or near background. The ability to predict the SZL can be used as a method to evaluate the performance, and possibly the design, of roadway noise barriers. The current federally required roadway noise model is the Federal...
Show moreThe objective of this research was to derive an empirical equation that estimates the acoustical shadow zone length (SZL) of roadway noise barriers. The acoustical shadow zone is the area behind a noise barrier of reduced sound levels, generally to some stated level at or near background. The ability to predict the SZL can be used as a method to evaluate the performance, and possibly the design, of roadway noise barriers. The current federally required roadway noise model is the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Traffic Noise Model (TNM). TNM uses insertion loss (IL) to evaluate the effectiveness of a barrier. Insertion loss is the difference in sound level between the "no barrier" and the "with barrier" case. One major limitation with TNM is that the reported IL does not take into account how background noise levels influence the mitigated sound levels. Background noise can be defined as the noise present at a barrier location in the absence of roadway noise. The shadow zone represents a region behind the noise barrier where the barrier is effective at reducing noise levels and takes into account how background noise affects the IL and thus the SZL. The inclusion of background noise becomes significant in evaluating barrier effectiveness because as the distance from the barrier increases, background noise begins to overtake roadway noise as the dominate noise source. The derivation of the empirical equation began by collecting in-situ noise measurements at 18 noise barrier locations across Florida. The measured noise data was supplemented by noise data obtained from computer modeling. After a sufficient quantity of measured and modeled IL data was obtained, a contour of equal IL (IL = 5 dB) was plotted for each barrier location. The area defined by the contour is called the shadow zone. All the SZLs were statistically compared to several variables that were expected to influence it. Regression modeling showed that the background noise level, noise barrier height, the distance from the roadway to the noise barrier, and percent of heavy truck traffic volume were statistically significant as useful predictors of SZL. Two empirical equations were derived, one from linear regression and one from polynomial regression, and are referred to as the Shadow Zone Equations.
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Date Issued: 2006
Identifier: CFE0001464, ucf:47096
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0001464

Title: Barriers to timely administration of thrombolytics in acute ischemic stroke patients.
Creator: Joseph, Elizabeth, Talbert, Steven, Chase, Susan, Ullah, Saif, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: Stroke is a leading cause of long term disability in the United States. The therapeutic benefits of intravenous thrombolytics is time dependent in an acute ischemic stroke patient and is an important determinant of 90 day and one year functional outcomes. This study investigated areas in the stroke alert process of a community based primary stroke care center that resulted in the delay of administration of thrombolytics within 60 minutes of an acute ischemic stroke patient's arrival to the...
Show moreStroke is a leading cause of long term disability in the United States. The therapeutic benefits of intravenous thrombolytics is time dependent in an acute ischemic stroke patient and is an important determinant of 90 day and one year functional outcomes. This study investigated areas in the stroke alert process of a community based primary stroke care center that resulted in the delay of administration of thrombolytics within 60 minutes of an acute ischemic stroke patient's arrival to the emergency room. A retrospective descriptive design was utilized and chart reviews were done on 40 patients that received thrombolytics in the emergency room. Patient characteristics and time variables associated with the various steps in the stroke alert process were extracted. Findings showed that only 7.5% of the patients received thrombolytics within the recommended 60 minutes, with the longest time interval associated with time from arrival to the emergency room to time of evaluation by teleneurologist. There were no significant differences in the characteristics of patients who received thrombolytics within 60 minutes and those patients that received thrombolytics after 60 minutes. Recommendations were made for changes in organizational and practice strategies to improve timely administration, and for future research involving the effects of quality improvement initiatives.
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Date Issued: 2012
Identifier: CFE0004390, ucf:49406
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0004390

Title: APPLICATION OF ABSORPTIVE TREATMENTS ON TRAFFIC NOISE BARRIERS IN FLORIDA.
Creator: Chua, Chin Boon, Wayson, Roger, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: In this thesis, the parallel barrier analysis feature in the Federal Highway Administration Traffic Noise Model (FHWA TNM), which is based on RAYVERB was used to explore the effects of multiple reflections due to single and parallel barriers and the use of absorptive treatment. Database was developed from the data collected from previous research efforts was used to generate a best fit equation model that can be used as a predetermining tool to determine the magnitude of parallel barrier...
Show moreIn this thesis, the parallel barrier analysis feature in the Federal Highway Administration Traffic Noise Model (FHWA TNM), which is based on RAYVERB was used to explore the effects of multiple reflections due to single and parallel barriers and the use of absorptive treatment. Database was developed from the data collected from previous research efforts was used to generate a best fit equation model that can be used as a predetermining tool to determine the magnitude of parallel barrier insertion loss. The best fit equation model was then used to test against measured/model result and TNM prediction results for its validity. Absorptive materials were also studied such that 3 top of them were selected and recommended for Florida highway barrier use. It was found that the top three absorptive treatments for use on Florida highway barriers have been determined to be cementitous material, metal wool and glass fiber. These materials can be used to reduce the sound reflections for single and parallel barriers. The developed best fit equation model from this research is Deg = -2.17NRC - CW0.42 + 1.97eln(BH) + RH0.29 + DBB0.27; the prediction results give moderately high R2 value of 0.55 if compared to the results from database. Prediction results from best fit equation model was also found to be consistent with the results from the measure/modeled results, providing further proof of the validity of the model. However, if compared results from equation model, TNM and measured/model (measured and model compared results using ANSI method), TNM was shown to provide higher insertion loss degradation. It was found that the most effective placement of absorptive material was the pattern which covers the barrier from the bottom up; it was also found that only about 60% from the bottom of the barrier area requires covering with high NRC absorptive treatment (NRC greater than 0.8) without sacrificing insertion loss. Also, if the barrier area near the top includes an easily obtainable NRC value of 0.4, only 40% to 50% of the bottom barrier needs absorptive treatment with a higher, more expensive NRC rating. These findings can substantially reduce the cost of conventional absorptive barrier which have full coverage of high NRC absorptive treatment. This research has begun important improvements in noise barrier design, additional work can be continued to further verify all the findings in this thesis such that easier and better equation model can be developed to calculate insertion loss degradation and cheaper absorptive barrier with less absorptive material usage can be built.
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Date Issued: 2004
Identifier: CFE0000008, ucf:46127
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0000008

Title: TEMPORARY BARRIERS REDUCE RUBBERNECKING AND EXTERNAL DISTRACTION ON ROADWAYS.
Creator: Colon, Nicholas, Mouloua, Mustapha, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: The purpose of the current study was to empirically examine the effects of accident scenes on eye movement as well as driving behavior. Fifty-four participants drove in a driving simulator wearing a head-mounted eye-tracker in three experimental drives, one of which had an accident scene. The participants were put into one of three different conditions (no barrier, partial barrier, or full barrier). The results showed significant main effects of distraction (accident vs. no accident) on dwell...
Show moreThe purpose of the current study was to empirically examine the effects of accident scenes on eye movement as well as driving behavior. Fifty-four participants drove in a driving simulator wearing a head-mounted eye-tracker in three experimental drives, one of which had an accident scene. The participants were put into one of three different conditions (no barrier, partial barrier, or full barrier). The results showed significant main effects of distraction (accident vs. no accident) on dwell frequency and duration, average speed, and root mean square error of the steering wheel angle during the drive with the accident scenes. In addition, the results also showed significant interaction effects between distraction and type of barrier (no, partial, or full) on dwell frequency and duration. The full barrier condition had the biggest effect on decreasing dwell duration and frequency. The findings support the Salience Effort Expectancy Value (SEEV) model of attention and previous research stating objects high in salience attract attention (Wickens & Horrey, 2008; Itti & Koch, 2000). These findings also support previous research by Mayer, Caird, Milloy, Percival, & Ohlhauser (2010) stating that drivers drive in the safest manner (lowest passing speed) when an emergency vehicles are present with the emergency lights on. Temporary barriers could be used to help decrease the effects of rubbernecking on highways when an accident scene is present (Masinick & Teng, 2004; Potts, Harwood, Hutton, & Kinzel, 2010)
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Date Issued: 2013
Identifier: CFH0004331, ucf:45059
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFH0004331

Title: NURSE PERCEIVED BARRIERS TO EFFECTIVE NURSE-CLIENT COMMUNICATION.
Creator: Brandenburg, Sara J, Burr, Joyce, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: Successful client care depends on effective nurse-client communication. It is essential in meeting clients' needs, providing quality care, and maximizing positive client outcomes. The intent of this thesis was to explore nurse perceived barriers to effective nurse-client communication. A literature review was conducted and nine articles were identified as addressing nurse perceived barriers to communication. Four major barriers were identified: nurse comfort and knowledge, environment, time,...
Show moreSuccessful client care depends on effective nurse-client communication. It is essential in meeting clients' needs, providing quality care, and maximizing positive client outcomes. The intent of this thesis was to explore nurse perceived barriers to effective nurse-client communication. A literature review was conducted and nine articles were identified as addressing nurse perceived barriers to communication. Four major barriers were identified: nurse comfort and knowledge, environment, time, and culture and language. Research on interventions to address nurses' perceptions of barriers to effective nurse-client communication may provide a better understanding of communication barriers and address issues created by ineffective communication with clients.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: CFH0000228, ucf:44674
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFH0000228

Title: Motivational Factors and Barriers Affecting Seniors' Decision to Relocate to a Senior Living Facility.
Creator: Chaulagain, Suja, Pizam, Abraham, Wang, Youcheng, Severt, Denver, Oetjen, Reid, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: This study aimed to explore factors affecting seniors' intention to relocate to a senior living facility. More specifically, the purpose of this study was to examine the influence of push and pull motivational factors and perceived barriers on seniors' intention to relocate to a senior living facility (SLF). In addition, the mediating role of perceived barriers on the relationships between push motivational factors and intention to relocate and pull motivational factors and intention to...
Show moreThis study aimed to explore factors affecting seniors' intention to relocate to a senior living facility. More specifically, the purpose of this study was to examine the influence of push and pull motivational factors and perceived barriers on seniors' intention to relocate to a senior living facility (SLF). In addition, the mediating role of perceived barriers on the relationships between push motivational factors and intention to relocate and pull motivational factors and intention to relocate were explored. The data of the study was collected from 363 seniors. Structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis was conducted to test the study hypotheses.The results indicated that health related, social and family/friend related, housing and property related push motivational factors and facility related pull motivational factor positively influenced seniors' intention to relocate to SLFs. In addition, the study results revealed that family related barriers, economic barriers, socio-psychological barriers, and knowledge and information barriers negatively affected seniors' intention to relocate to SLFs. In terms of the mediation effects, the study results indicated that (1) family related barriers mediated the positive relationship between health related push motivational factor and intention to relocate; (2) economic barriers mediated the positive relationship between facility related pull motivational factor and intention to relocate; (3) socio-psychological barriers mediated the positive relationship between health related push motivational factor and intention to relocate; and (4) socio-psychological barriers mediated the positive relationship between facility related pull motivational factor and intention to relocate. The findings of this study provide valuable theoretical contributions in the context senior living literature and important practical implications for SLF operators, health care facilitators and government agencies.
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Date Issued: 2019
Identifier: CFE0007611, ucf:52522
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0007611

Title: NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION OF THERMAL BARRIER COATINGS WITH THERMAL WAVE IMAGING AND PHOTOSTIMULATED LUMINESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY.
Creator: Franke, Barbara, Sohn, Yong-ho, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: Gas Turbine manufacturers strive for increased operating temperatures of gas turbine engines to improve efficiency and performance. One method of increasing the temperature beyond material limits is by applying thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) to hot section components. TBCs provide a thermal gradient between the hot gases and metallic substrate, and allow an increase in turbine inlet temperatures of 100-150ºC. However, spallation of TBCs can cause catastrophic failure of turbine engines...
Show moreGas Turbine manufacturers strive for increased operating temperatures of gas turbine engines to improve efficiency and performance. One method of increasing the temperature beyond material limits is by applying thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) to hot section components. TBCs provide a thermal gradient between the hot gases and metallic substrate, and allow an increase in turbine inlet temperatures of 100-150ºC. However, spallation of TBCs can cause catastrophic failure of turbine engines by incipient melting of the substrate. To prevent such an occurrence, non-destructive evaluation (NDE) techniques are critical for quality control, health monitoring, and life assessment of TBCs. Two techniques in development for this purpose are thermal wave imaging (TWI) and photostimulated luminescence (PL) spectroscopy. TWI is a promising NDE technique with the ability to detect integrity and thickness of TBCs. In this study, TWI was employed as an NDE technique to examine as-coated TBCs with varying thicknesses, and thermally-cycled TBCs for initiation and progression of subcritical-subsurface damage as a function of thermal cycling. TWI and thermal response amplitude were correlated to the microstructural characteristics and damage progression of TBCs based on phenomenological expressions of thermal diffusion. The TBC specimens examined consisted of air plasma sprayed ZrO2 - 7wt.% Y2O3 on NiCoCrAlY bond coats with Haynes 230 superalloy substrate. As-coated specimens of varying thicknesses were evaluated by TWI to examine its applicability as a thickness measurement tool. It was found that heat dissipation through the TBC following pulsed excitation by xenon flash lamps initially followed the 1-D law of conduction and deviated from it as a function of thickness and time. The deviation resulted from quick dissipation of heat into the conductive metallic substrate. Therefore, with calibration, TWI can be used as a tool for YSZ thickness measurements of APS TBCs in the as-coated condition for quality control measures. Specimens of uniform thickness were evaluated as a function of thermal cyclic oxidation for subcritical-subsurface damage detection. Thermal cycling was carried out in air with 30-minute heat-up, 10-hour dwell at 1150°C, 30-minute air-quench and 1-hour hold at room temperature. During thermal cycling, TBC specimens were evaluated non-destructively by TWI at room temperature every 10 to 20 thermal cycles, and selected specimens were removed from thermal cycling for microstructural analysis by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Higher thermal response amplitude associated with disrupted heat transfer was observed where localized spallation at or near the YSZ/TGO interface occurred. The health of the TBC was monitored by a rise in thermal response amplitude which may indicate a coalescence of microcracks to a detectable level. PL has been developed to measure stress, and detect subsurface damage and polymorphic transformation within the thermally grown oxide (TGO) of TBCs. PL was employed in this study as an NDE technique for TBCs to correlate subsurface damage as a function of thermal cyclic oxidation. The TBCs consisted of ZrO2 – 7 wt.% Y2O3 applied by electron beam physical vapor deposition with an as-coated (Ni,Pt)Al bond coat on a CMSX-4 superalloy substrate. Specimens were thermally cycled with a 10 minute ramp to a peak temperature of 1121°C, 40 minute hold at peak temperature, and 10 minute forced air quench. The TBCs were periodically removed from thermal cycling for NDE using PL until failure. Two specimens were removed from thermal oxidation after 10% and 70% of the average lifetime for microstructural analysis by SEM. During initial thermal cycling, metastable phases and polymorphic transformations of the Al2O3 scale were examined by PL. The polymorphic transformation from a metastable phase to equilibrium a-Al2O3 was detected. Since metastable phases are thought to be detrimental to coating lifetime, detection of these phases by PL can be used as a quality control tool. Nearing end-of-life, relief of the TGO from the compressive residual stress arising from thermal expansion mismatch was detected with PL and confirmed with microstructural analysis that revealed damage initiation (e.g. microcracking within the TGO scale parallel to the interfaces.) Rise in luminescence near the R-line frequency for polycrystalline a-Al2O3 without any residual stress (i.e. n = 14402 cm-1 and n = 14432 cm-1) corresponded to regions where cracked TGO was adhered to YSZ and not exposed to compressive stresses from thermal expansion mismatch upon cooling.
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Date Issued: 2005
Identifier: CFE0000717, ucf:46613
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0000717

Title: BARRIERS AND FACILITATORS TO ACCESSING AND UTILIZING MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES FOR HOMELESS YOUTH: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW.
Creator: Lapinski, Abbygail P, Dever, Kimberly, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: Homelessness in the youth population is associated with elevated rates of mental illness, substance abuse, and suicidality compared to the housed population in the United States (Berdahl, Hoyt, and Whitbeck, 2005; Hodgson, Shelton, Van den Bree, 2014; Hughes et al., 2010). With a survival-focused perspective, exacerbating issues, stigmatization, and transience housing; homeless youth require special consideration to meet their diverse health needs. When barriers impede homeless youth's access...
Show moreHomelessness in the youth population is associated with elevated rates of mental illness, substance abuse, and suicidality compared to the housed population in the United States (Berdahl, Hoyt, and Whitbeck, 2005; Hodgson, Shelton, Van den Bree, 2014; Hughes et al., 2010). With a survival-focused perspective, exacerbating issues, stigmatization, and transience housing; homeless youth require special consideration to meet their diverse health needs. When barriers impede homeless youth's access to necessary health resources, their health concerns are left untreated and impound until emergency services are required. This review of literature is focused on identifying and synthesizing barriers and facilitators for homeless youth to access and utilize mental health care services. When untreated mental illness reaches a crisis point, it becomes more expensive to treat (Taylor, Stuttaford, and Vostanis, 2006). For youth experiencing homelessness, various factors influence their decisions to wait until a crisis to reach out to emergency services. Within the literature, barriers and facilitators were bracketed into personal, social, and structural factors. These factors ranged from financial concerns, communication with health care providers and between health care service locations, stigmatization, lack of awareness, and administrative requirements. While further research is required, evidence from the literature shows promise in developing and altering interventions and communication to meet homeless youth's mental health and substance abuse needs.
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Date Issued: 2019
Identifier: CFH2000468, ucf:45860
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFH2000468

Title: GENETIC INTERVENTION AS A LIFESTYLE APPROACH: AN ANALYSIS OF DISEASE AND TREATMENT.
Creator: Dempton, Jennifer, D'Amato-Kubiet, Leslee, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: Purpose: The scientific knowledge of how genes affect disease expression and evolution can facilitate more effective environmental and drug therapy interventions delivered by health care professionals. The purpose of this paper is to a) describe the role of genetic science in healthcare; b) explore genotype determinants for environmental and pharmacological interventions; c) and analyze ethical dilemmas, barriers to access, and allocation of resources based on genotype. Methods: A review of...
Show morePurpose: The scientific knowledge of how genes affect disease expression and evolution can facilitate more effective environmental and drug therapy interventions delivered by health care professionals. The purpose of this paper is to a) describe the role of genetic science in healthcare; b) explore genotype determinants for environmental and pharmacological interventions; c) and analyze ethical dilemmas, barriers to access, and allocation of resources based on genotype. Methods: A review of literature was conducted from the disciplines of nursing, medicine, psychology, and sociology using the CINAHL, Ebsco Host, Medline, and PsychINFO databases. The search was limited to peer reviewed, full text article in English that dated from 1987 to 2011. Inclusion criteria were articles describing environmental, pharmacologic, and nutritional influence on genetic expression. Forty-five articles on genetic intervention were chosen for further review, in addition to five book publications which met inclusion criteria. Many of the sources retrieved were obtained from the biomedical sciences and published in the last decade, owing to more recent innovations in genetic discovery. Results: Disease and treatment must be approached according to genetic profiles for effectiveness and to increase health outcomes. Several variations were found regarding response to pharmaceuticals, as well as environmental exposures, based on genotype. Conclusions: Health care has been practiced using a 'universal protocol' approach; however, as the literature reveals, each individual genotype must be taken into account to provide optimal care.
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Date Issued: 2011
Identifier: CFH0004060, ucf:44792
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFH0004060

Title: PSYCHOSOCIAL STATUS AND HEALTH OUTCOMES IN OLDER ADULTS LIVING WITH HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS.
Creator: Fernandez, Amanda, D'Amato-Kubiet, Leslee, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: Purpose: To recognize and raise awareness about the psychosocial status and health outcomes in older adults living with HIV. Method: A literature search was conducted from the disciplines of nursing and medicine using the CINAHL, PubMed, and Medline databases. Inclusion criteria: articles exploring older adults who are HIV positive and factors related to depression, suicide and available healthcare resources. Exclusion criteria: articles including individuals under the age of 50 infected with...
Show morePurpose: To recognize and raise awareness about the psychosocial status and health outcomes in older adults living with HIV. Method: A literature search was conducted from the disciplines of nursing and medicine using the CINAHL, PubMed, and Medline databases. Inclusion criteria: articles exploring older adults who are HIV positive and factors related to depression, suicide and available healthcare resources. Exclusion criteria: articles including individuals under the age of 50 infected with HIV/AIDS and articles focused entirely on physiologic principles of HIV/AIDS. Results: In older adults living with HIV/AIDS, the literature review disclosed a comprehensive gap between identifying this age group as 'at risk', lack of communication between health care providers and older adults concerning sexual activity and/or status, and recurring psychosocial components related to lack of resources and standards of care among older adults living with HIV/AIDS. An unbalanced amount of research has focused on the care and prevention of HIV/AIDS among young adult populations, while a limited amount of research is geared toward detection, prevention and interventions for HIV/AIDS in older adults. Findings suggest that HIV/AIDS is a syndrome of bias based on age and/or gender by health care providers. Solutions to this epidemic must begin with an all inclusive plan that investigates the prevention, identification and intervention across the lifespan. Discussion: As the country ages and the population of older adults increase, nurses will encounter an increasing number of older adults living with HIV/AIDS. In order to competently provide quality care to older adults with a positive HIV/AIDS status, further research is needed to bridge the gap of literature connecting psychosocial aspects of care and accompanying health outcomes.
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Date Issued: 2012
Identifier: CFH0004253, ucf:44932
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFH0004253

Title: Young Adult Development and Caregiving: Disposition and Involvement in Care.
Creator: James, Nicholas, Paulson, Daniel, Dvorak, Robert, Wharton, Tracy, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: Caregivers are a diverse group of individuals with a variety of backgrounds and roles; however, research has widely overlooked young adults in this population. This study investigated young adult caregiver circumstance, burden, and use of support services with the purpose of improving future caregiving research and interventions. Study 1 compared burden and circumstance among young, middle aged, and older adult caregivers (N = 285) in addition to developmental indicators among young adults...
Show moreCaregivers are a diverse group of individuals with a variety of backgrounds and roles; however, research has widely overlooked young adults in this population. This study investigated young adult caregiver circumstance, burden, and use of support services with the purpose of improving future caregiving research and interventions. Study 1 compared burden and circumstance among young, middle aged, and older adult caregivers (N = 285) in addition to developmental indicators among young adults caregiver and demographically matched non-caregiver peers (n = 225). Study 2 surveyed caregivers from each age group (N = 151) on barriers to care, treatment preferences, and interest in services. Results from study 1 indicated that young adult caregivers adopted similar caregiving roles and factors linked to burden; however, they reported additional stressors such as higher rates of childcare and commuting to provide care. Compared to demographically matched-peers, young adult caregivers were more likely to work part-time and earn a substantially lower yearly income. Study 2 replicated original findings and revealed that young adult caregivers endorsed elevated attitudinal barriers to care and are the least likely age group to speak to physicians about caregiving. Overall, findings reveal the similarity in caregiving role that young adults take on, as well as several unique burden factors. Caregivers across age groups disclosed moderate treatment expectancy for support services, and all reported greater interest in online-based treatment. Young adult caregivers were more likely to take on responsibilities such as childrearing and employment, thus impacting their available time and financial support. However, these findings do not explain the overwhelming lack of young adult caregivers in research. Future studies should re-evaluate sampling methods and inclusion criteria, or explore more accessible means of intervention, such as web-based services.
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Date Issued: 2018
Identifier: CFE0007018, ucf:52027
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0007018

Title: CORRELATING MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVELOPMENT AND FAILURE MECHANISMS TO PHOTOSTIMULATED LUMINESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY AND ELECTROCHEMICAL IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY IN THERMAL BARRIER COATINGS.
Creator: Jayaraj, Balaji, Sohn, Yongho, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: Thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) are widely used for thermal protection of hot section components in turbines for propulsion and power generation. Applications of TBCs based on a clearer understanding of failure mechanisms can help increase the performance and life-cycle cost of advanced gas turbine engines. Development and refinement of robust non-destructive evaluation techniques can also enhance the reliability, availability and maintainability of hot section components in gas turbines...
Show moreThermal barrier coatings (TBCs) are widely used for thermal protection of hot section components in turbines for propulsion and power generation. Applications of TBCs based on a clearer understanding of failure mechanisms can help increase the performance and life-cycle cost of advanced gas turbine engines. Development and refinement of robust non-destructive evaluation techniques can also enhance the reliability, availability and maintainability of hot section components in gas turbines engines. In this work, degradation of TBCs was non-destructively examined by photostimulated luminescence spectroscopy (PSLS) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) as a function of furnace thermal cycling carried out in air with 10-minute heat-up, 0.67, 9.6 and 49.6 -hour dwell duration at 1121°C (2050°F), and 10-minute forced-air quench. TBCs examined in this study consisted of either electron beam physical vapor deposited and air plasma sprayed yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) on a variety of bond coat / superalloy substrates including bond coats of NiCoCrAlY and (Ni,Pt)Al, and superalloys of CMSX-4, Rene'N5, Haynes 230 and MAR-M-509. Detailed microstructural characterization by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy was carried out to document the degradation and failure characteristics of TBC failure, and correlate results of PSLS and EIS. Mechanisms of microstructural damage initiation and progression varied as a function of TBC architecture and thermal cycling dwell time, and included undulation of the interface between the thermally grown oxide (TGO) and bond coats, internal oxidation of the bond coats, and formation of Ni/Co-rich TGO. These microstructural observations were correlated to the evolution in compressive residual stress in the TGO scale determined by PSLS shift. Correlations include stress-relief and corresponding luminescence shift towards stress-free luminescence associated with subcritical cracking of the TGO scale and stress-relaxation associated with gradual shift in the luminescence towards stress-free luminescence is related to the undulation of TGO/bondcoat interface (e.g., rumpling and ratcheting). Microstructural changes in TBCs such as YSZ sintering, TGO growth, and subcritical damages within the YSZ and TGO scale were also correlated to the changes in electrochemical resistance and capacitance of the YSZ and TGO, respectively. With thermal exposure the YSZ/TGO resistance and capacitance increased and decreased as result of sintering and TGO growth. With progressive thermal cycling damages in the TGO was related to the TGO capacitance showing a continuous increase and at failure TGO capacitance abruptly increased with the exposure of bondcoat. Further correlations among the microstructural development, PSLS and EIS are documented and discussed, particularly as a function of dwell time used during furnace thermal cycling test, with due respect for changes in failure characteristics and mechanisms for various types of TBCs.
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Date Issued: 2011
Identifier: CFE0003635, ucf:48882
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0003635

Title: Technology Implementation in K-12 Schools: A Research Study of Perceptions and Practice.
Creator: Martinez, Kaitlin, Flammia, Madelyn, Jones, Daniel, Applen, John, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: According to the National Center for Education Statistics, even though 97% of classrooms have at least one instructional computer available, only 40% of teachers in public schools (including elementary and secondary) report using computers in the classroom often. My project aims to illustrate the barriers that are keeping K-12 teachers from integrating technology in their classrooms, such as the lack of availability for training, teacher's lack of knowledge or schooling, or a lack of IT...
Show moreAccording to the National Center for Education Statistics, even though 97% of classrooms have at least one instructional computer available, only 40% of teachers in public schools (including elementary and secondary) report using computers in the classroom often. My project aims to illustrate the barriers that are keeping K-12 teachers from integrating technology in their classrooms, such as the lack of availability for training, teacher's lack of knowledge or schooling, or a lack of IT support. It also discusses possible solutions to the problem, such as teacher training and better resources. By assessing the Level of Technology Integration, or LoTi, we can learn how much or how often a teacher is using technology in a classroom. My project consists of conducting a research study that will aim to reinforce the hypothesis that the LoTi in K-12 schools is lower than expected, considering the availability of computers and technology. By learning the severity of the obstacles teachers face, we can work on possible solutions. The findings of this study were that teachers face barriers that inhibit them from implementing technology no matter what type of school environment they are in. These barriers come from lack of time, access, but most strongly from the self-efficacy of the teachers. Teachers need professional development and training to develop their skills and confidence, which will positively impact students, the school, and the overall education system.
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Date Issued: 2012
Identifier: CFE0004503, ucf:49279
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0004503

Title: A Framework for Lean Transformation in Developing Countries: The Case of Saudi Arabian Industry.
Creator: Andejany, Murad, Elshennawy, Ahmad, Rabelo, Luis, Lee, Gene, Darwish, Mohammed, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: Lean is a dynamic, knowledge-driven, and customer focused philosophy that continuously eradicates waste and generates value, with a goal to improve a company's productivity, efficiency, and quality. Successful implementation of lean does not only offer cost reduction and improved quality and productivity, but also provides efficient guidance for organizations to attain significant and continued growth. Although its adoption by companies has proven successful in developed countries, there is...
Show moreLean is a dynamic, knowledge-driven, and customer focused philosophy that continuously eradicates waste and generates value, with a goal to improve a company's productivity, efficiency, and quality. Successful implementation of lean does not only offer cost reduction and improved quality and productivity, but also provides efficient guidance for organizations to attain significant and continued growth. Although its adoption by companies has proven successful in developed countries, there is no sufficient evidence of its successful implementation in developing countries such as Saudi Arabia. A review of the literature indicates that there is a need to study lean transformation in developing countries as part of a comprehensive approach to their survival in the global economy. The purpose of this research is to develop a framework for a successful lean transformation in developing countries. The framework was developed by conducting a thorough literature review analysis and interviewing key personnel in ten local and eight multinational Saudi Arabian companies. The framework reacted to general data about lean transformation in developing countries, assessed a lean transformation level, and constructed the Interpretive Structure Molding (ISM) for barriers to achieve a successful lean transformation. Expert opinions were used for validation of the main components of this study, which are assessment, barriers, ISM and framework. Similar to the literature findings which indicated that the level of successful lean transformation in developing countries is low, the assessment revealed that the lean transformation level in local companies in Saudi Arabia is between 30% and 40%, and in multinational companies the level is between 50% and 60%. Both local and multinational companies in the case of Saudi Arabian industry considered lack of suppliers' involvement, lack of cooperation from suppliers, lack of good quality suppliers, and slow response to market due to demand fluctuations as the root barriers that need to be addressed at the primary stages of lean transformation. The resulting framework provides clear phases with an estimated timeline for each phase, from the foundation phase to the excellence level phase. In addition, it involves executive leaders and a cross-functional team to mentor and assess the transformation after each phase. The framework comprises several methods and tools that can be considered critical success factors for lean transformation, which will enable companies in developing countries to move toward achieving a successful lean transformation and sustainability, as well as reaching higher and persistent levels of growth.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: CFE0006713, ucf:51892
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0006713

Title: Interdiffusion Study of Mg-AA6061 System.
Creator: Fu, Mian, Sohn, Yongho, Coffey, Kevin, An, Linan, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: Magnesium (Mg) is a light-weight metal that has extraordinary physical and chemical properties for many potential applications in automobile, military, and electronics. Aluminum alloys, because of its light-weight, high strength and corrosion resistance have a wide range of commercial applications. Given these two, sometime competing, alloy systems, there are now many applications where the metallurgical compatibility of Mg- and Al-alloys are required for engineering applications. One such...
Show moreMagnesium (Mg) is a light-weight metal that has extraordinary physical and chemical properties for many potential applications in automobile, military, and electronics. Aluminum alloys, because of its light-weight, high strength and corrosion resistance have a wide range of commercial applications. Given these two, sometime competing, alloy systems, there are now many applications where the metallurgical compatibility of Mg- and Al-alloys are required for engineering applications. One such case is the development of diffusion barrier for U-Mo metallic fuel in Al-alloy cladding, where Mg, with its complete immiscibility with U and Mo is being considered as the diffusion barrier. While negligible diffusional interaction between Mg and U-Mo alloys have been reported, diffusional interaction between the Mg and Al-alloy cladding has not been investigated. In this study, solid-to-solid diffusion couples were assembled using discs of pure Mg (99.999 %) and AA6061 Al-alloy. After preparation, Mg was diffusion bonded to AA6061 in sealed quartz capsule at 300(&)deg;, 350(&)deg;, and 400(&)deg;C for 720, 360, and 240 hours, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy was used to inspect the interdiffusion zone, while phase identification was performed using X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy. One specific phase that exists in the binary Mg-Al system, labeled (")epsilon(") was observed and characterized by transmission electron microscopy. From the preceding data, the growth rates as well as interdiffusion coefficients of the intermetallic phases were extracted and compared to previous investigations using pure Mg and Al.
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Date Issued: 2013
Identifier: CFE0005333, ucf:50521
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0005333

Title: A STUDY OF WHY OLDER PEOPLE 65+ DO OR DO NOT EXERCISE.
Creator: Williams, Nancy McCoin, Rohter, Frank, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: ABSTRACTThis qualitative study uses interviews to examine factors explaining why 20 elderly individuals from a variety of occupations and still living in the community independently did or did not exercise. Within the limits of this qualitative study, the reasons elderly participants gave for avoiding exercise included fear of injury, joint pain, poor health, complications from various degenerative diseases, and a lack of enjoyment of exercise. The reasons for exercising included necessity...
Show moreABSTRACTThis qualitative study uses interviews to examine factors explaining why 20 elderly individuals from a variety of occupations and still living in the community independently did or did not exercise. Within the limits of this qualitative study, the reasons elderly participants gave for avoiding exercise included fear of injury, joint pain, poor health, complications from various degenerative diseases, and a lack of enjoyment of exercise. The reasons for exercising included necessity due to post-heart attack motivation, work-site exercise program or equipment availability, opportunity to habituate work-related tasks, spouse support, history of exercise experience, ability to exercise without injury, enjoyment of family outings, and an appreciation of the enjoyment of exercise.
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Date Issued: 2004
Identifier: CFE0000015, ucf:46097
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0000015

Title: MECHANISMS OF LIFETIME IMPROVEMENT IN THERMAL BARRIER COATINGS WITH HF AND/OR Y MODIFICATION OF CMSX-4 SUPERALLOY SUBSTRATES.
Creator: Liu, Jing, Sohn, Yong ho, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: In modern turbine engines for propulsion and energy generation, thermal barrier coating (TBCs) protect hot-section blades and vanes, and play a critical role in enhancing reliability, durability and operation efficiency. In this study, thermal cyclic lifetime and microstructural degradation of electron beam physical vapor deposited (EB-PVD) Yttria Stabilized Zirconia (YSZ) with (Ni,Pt)Al bond coat and Hf- and/or Y- modified CMSX-4 superalloy substrates were examined. Thermal cyclic lifetime...
Show moreIn modern turbine engines for propulsion and energy generation, thermal barrier coating (TBCs) protect hot-section blades and vanes, and play a critical role in enhancing reliability, durability and operation efficiency. In this study, thermal cyclic lifetime and microstructural degradation of electron beam physical vapor deposited (EB-PVD) Yttria Stabilized Zirconia (YSZ) with (Ni,Pt)Al bond coat and Hf- and/or Y- modified CMSX-4 superalloy substrates were examined. Thermal cyclic lifetime of TBCs was measured using a furnace thermal cycle test that consisted of 10-minute heat-up, 50-minute dwell at 1135C, and 10-minute forced-air-quench. TBC lifetime was observed to improve from 600 cycles to over 3200 cycles with appropriated Hf- and/or Y alloying of CMSX-4 superalloys. This significant improvement in TBC lifetime is the highest reported lifetime in literature with similar testing parameters. Beneficial role of reactive element (RE) on the durability of TBCS were systematically investigated in this study. Photostimulated luminescence spectroscopy (PL) was employed to non-destructively measure the residual stress within the TGO scale as a function of thermal cycling. Extensive microstructural analysis with emphasis on the YSZ/TGO interface, TGO scale, TGO/bond coat interface was carried out by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and scanning electron microscopy (STEM) as a funcion of thermal cycling including after the spallation failure. Focused ion beam in-situ lift-out (FIB-INLO) technique was employed to prepare site-specific TEM specimens. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS) were also employed for phase identification and interfacial chemical analysis. While undulation of TGO/bond coat interface (e.g., rumpling and ratcheting) was observed to be the main mechanism of degradation for the TBCs on baseline CMSX-4, the same interface remained relatively flat (e.g., suppressed rumpling and ratcheting) for durable TBCs on Hf- and/or Y-modified CMSX-4. The fracture paths changed from the YSZ/TGO interface to the TGO/bond coat interface when rumpling was suppressed. The geometrical incompatibility between the undulated TGO and EB-PVD YSZ lead to the failure at the YSZ/TGO interface for TBCs with baseline CMSX-4. The magnitude of copressive residual stress within the TGO scale measured by PL gradually decreased as a function of thermal cycling for TBCs with baseline CMSX-4 superalloy substrates. This gradual decrease corrsponds well to the undulation of the TGO scale that may lead to relaxation of the compressive residual stress within the TGO scale. For TBCs with Hf- and/or Y-modified CMSX-4 superalloy substrates, the magnitude of compressive residual stress within the TGO scale remained relatively constant throughout the thermal cycling, although PL corresponding to the stress-relief caused by localized cracks at the TGO/bond coat interface and within the TGO scale was observed frequently starting 50% of lifetime. A slightly smaller parabolic growth constant and grain size of the TGO scale was observed for TBCs with Hf- and/or Y- modified CMSX-4. Small monoclinic HfO2 precipitates were observed to decorate grain boundaries and the triple pointes within the alpha-Al2O3 scale for TBCs with Hf- and/or Y-modified CMSX-4 substrates. Segregation of Hf/Hf4+ at the TGO/bond coat interfaces was also observed for TBCs with Hf- and/or Y-modified CMSX-4 superalloys substrates. Adherent and pore-free YSZ/TGO interface was observed for TBCs with Hf- and/or Y-modified CMSX-4, while a significant amount of decohesion at the YSZ/TGO interface was observed for TBCs with baseline CMSX-4. The beta-NiAl(B2) phase in the (Ni,Pt)Al bond coat was observed to partially transform into gama prime-Ni3Al (L12) phase due to depletion of Al in the bond coat during oxidation. More importantly, the remaining beta-NiAl phase transformed into L10 martensitic phase upon cooling even though there was no significant difference in these phase transformations for all TBCs. Results from these microstructural observations are documented to elucidate mechanisms that suppress the rumpling of the TGO/bond coat interface, which is responsible for superior performance of EB-PVD TBCs with (Ni,Pt)Al bond coat and Hf- and/or Y-modified CMXS-4 superalloy.
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Date Issued: 2007
Identifier: CFE0001872, ucf:47382
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0001872

Title: FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE IMPLEMENTATION OF PAIN MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES IN THE NEONATAL INTENSIVE CARE UNIT.
Creator: Martinez, Geraldine, Allred, Kelly, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: In the United States, 10% to 15% of newborns are admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Painful procedures are unavoidable during NICU care; the neonate experiences approximately 12 painful procedures per day. Inconsistent and/or inappropriate pain management in the NICU remains a problem. The purpose of this study is to identify the prevalent factors that influence the implementation of pain management strategies among nurses who work in a NICU setting in a Central Florida...
Show moreIn the United States, 10% to 15% of newborns are admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Painful procedures are unavoidable during NICU care; the neonate experiences approximately 12 painful procedures per day. Inconsistent and/or inappropriate pain management in the NICU remains a problem. The purpose of this study is to identify the prevalent factors that influence the implementation of pain management strategies among nurses who work in a NICU setting in a Central Florida hospital. This study was conducted using a voluntary and anonymous electronic survey. The survey was divided into two sections; the first section designed to describe the sample, and the second section containing a Likert-type scale that assessed the nurses' general pain knowledge, knowledge of pain assessment, and awareness of accepted pain management strategies. The survey was adapted from previously published research. Results indicate pain was more likely to be addressed when nurses collaborated closely with the attending physician. The majority of nurses were aware of current protocols for pain management on the unit but not all nurses agreed those protocols were adequate. Results also indicated pain assessment education is being provided in the NICU and the nurses feel confident in their skills to assess pain, however, not all nurses agreed that pain is being well managed in their unit. There appears to be a gap between the nurse's knowledge/skill to assess pain and implementation of strategies to decrease pain. Although it is the nurse's responsibility to prevent and treat newborn pain in the NICU, not all nurses agreed that newborn pain is well managed in their unit and some believe pain to be an unavoidable experience in the NICU. Nurse-physician collaboration is key to evidence based newborn pain management.
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Date Issued: 2014
Identifier: CFH0004609, ucf:45271
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFH0004609

Title: STUDENT PERCEPTION OF BARRIERS TO STUDY ABROAD.
Creator: Walker, Jessica, Valdez, Carlos, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: Studying abroad during the collegiate experience is an idea sought by the many high school seniors and college freshmen alike. The social, intellectual, and cultural benefits received from participating makes it a seemingly easy decision. Yet, lack of action plagues the nation as there exists a miniscule number of students who follow through with their desire to study abroad. Prior research exemplifies that students rely on the perceptions of their peers and family when approaching an...
Show moreStudying abroad during the collegiate experience is an idea sought by the many high school seniors and college freshmen alike. The social, intellectual, and cultural benefits received from participating makes it a seemingly easy decision. Yet, lack of action plagues the nation as there exists a miniscule number of students who follow through with their desire to study abroad. Prior research exemplifies that students rely on the perceptions of their peers and family when approaching an unfamiliar subject. These perceptions result in concocted barriers that dissuade the student from participating in study abroad before they seek concrete information. There are a limited number of studies completed at universities to identify these specific barriers. Thus, this research examines the student population at the University of Central Florida, the perceived barriers they possess concerning study abroad, and their sources of these perceptions. This is a qualitative and quantitative study that investigates the effects of perceived cost and graduation delay on the willingness of a student to study abroad. The unexpected ramifications of the marketing mix, utilized by the department of Study Abroad, will shed light upon the steps necessary to revise their position in order to transform student intent into action.
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Date Issued: 2015
Identifier: CFH0004876, ucf:45418
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFH0004876

Title: ACADEMIC COMPETENCE, SELF-EFFICACY, AND ACHIEVEMENT EXPECTATIONS AMONG INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS AT THE UNIVERSITY OF CENTRAL FLORIDA.
Creator: Hynson, Emily, Wright, Chrysalis, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: With the vast and continued growth of international students in the U.S., it is important to focus on this expanding group and identify factors that aid or hinder academic performance, achievement, expectations, and competence. Factors known to affect academics among international students, such as language barriers, acculturation to American society, university support and structure, social integration at the university, family support, and motivating factors to study in the U.S were...
Show moreWith the vast and continued growth of international students in the U.S., it is important to focus on this expanding group and identify factors that aid or hinder academic performance, achievement, expectations, and competence. Factors known to affect academics among international students, such as language barriers, acculturation to American society, university support and structure, social integration at the university, family support, and motivating factors to study in the U.S were examined. It was hypothesized that these known factors would negatively correlate with the academic outcomes of international students examined in the current study. It was also hypothesized that these factors can combine to best predict the academic outcomes of international college students. First, intercorrelations were conducted with the independent and dependent variables to determine if the factors examined in the study (i.e., language barriers, acculturation to American society, university support and structure, social integration at the university, family support, and motivating factors to study in the U.S.) are negatively correlated with the academic outcomes of international students. Then a series of linear regressions was conducted to test the hypothesis that these factors can combine to best predict the academic outcomes of international college students. Results found significant relationships between the predictor variables and the outcome variables in this study, specifically among support (university, familial, and social), acculturation, language barriers, motivating factors to study, and self-efficacy.
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Date Issued: 2019
Identifier: CFH2000541, ucf:45637
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFH2000541

barriers (7)	+ -
Barriers (5)	+ -
barrier (4)	+ -
Thermal Barrier Coatings (3)	+ -
thermal barrier coatings (3)	+ -

Communication (2)	+ -
Nursing (2)	+ -
TBC (2)	+ -
education (2)	+ -
nurse (2)	+ -
older adults (2)	+ -
perception (2)	+ -
residual stress (2)	+ -
stress (2)	+ -
synchrotron (2)	+ -
technology integration (2)	+ -
thermal barrier coating (2)	+ -
thermally grown oxide (2)	+ -
x-ray diffraction (2)	+ -
(Pt (1)	+ -
2+2 program (1)	+ -
AM (1)	+ -
Absorptive Materials (1)	+ -
Absorptive Treatments (1)	+ -
Access (1)	+ -
Alzheimer's disease (1)	+ -
Amyloid beta plaques (1)	+ -
Atherosclerosis (1)	+ -
Attitudes (1)	+ -
Blood Brain barrier (1)	+ -

ETD Collection (32)	+ -
Honors Collection (10)	+ -

University of Central Florida (42)	+ -
Sohn, Yongho (8)	+ -
Raghavan, Seetha (4)	+ -
An, Linan (3)	+ -
D'Amato-Kubiet, Leslee (2)	+ -

Elshennawy, Ahmad (2)	+ -
Ghosh, Ranajay (2)	+ -
Gordon, Ali (2)	+ -
Kapat, Jayanta (2)	+ -
Kim, Yoon-Seong (2)	+ -
Lee, Gene (2)	+ -
Rabelo, Luis (2)	+ -
Vaidyanathan, Raj (2)	+ -
Wayson, Roger (2)	+ -
Zhai, Lei (2)	+ -
Allen, Kay (1)	+ -
Allred, Kelly (1)	+ -
Alyousef, Abdulwahab (1)	+ -
Andejany, Murad (1)	+ -
Applen, John (1)	+ -
Arner, Wayne (1)	+ -
Bai, Yuanli (1)	+ -
Baldwin, Lee (1)	+ -
Bargraser, Carmen (1)	+ -
Blackwell, Christopher (1)	+ -
Bowerman, Kamra (1)	+ -
Brady, Claire (1)	+ -
Brandenburg, Sara J (1)	+ -
Breit, Elyse (1)	+ -
Brown, Timothy (1)	+ -

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