Current Search: ELISA (x)
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Title
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URINALYSIS SCREENING OF DRUGS IN ADULTERATED SAMPLES VIA DIRECT ANALYSIS IN REAL TIME -- HIGH RESOLUTION/ MASS SPECTROMETRY (DART-HR/MS).
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Creator
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Olivieri, Bianca E, Bridge, Candice, University of Central Florida
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Abstract / Description
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Current screening methods for drug analysis with urine samples includes examination of the sample with an immunoassay. These methods are used to determine the concentration of drug metabolites contained within the sample prior to further confirmatory testing. Drug testing plays a crucial role in maintaining safe workplace environments and safety of individuals. However, a positive result can lead to heavy consequences for the employee including suspension or removal from the workplace....
Show moreCurrent screening methods for drug analysis with urine samples includes examination of the sample with an immunoassay. These methods are used to determine the concentration of drug metabolites contained within the sample prior to further confirmatory testing. Drug testing plays a crucial role in maintaining safe workplace environments and safety of individuals. However, a positive result can lead to heavy consequences for the employee including suspension or removal from the workplace. Therefore, a majority of individuals add commonly known products into the sample to evade detection by developing a false negative result. Although specimen integrity examinations are performed to identify tampering of the sample, these results are typically biased on the experience of the examiner. The purpose of this study was to develop an analytical screening technique that will detect the drug of interest as well as the presence of any additional products that may be added into the sample via Direct Analysis in Real Time � High Resolution/Mass Spectrometry (DART-HR/MS) which is an ambient ionization source that produces fast mass spectrum results that can provide semi-quantitative information of the target metabolite concentration. Although there are various studies that indicate the ability of the DART to detect drug compounds, there are no known studies that have examined how real-world urine samples are analyzed. Additionally, there are no current studies that take into consideration adulteration of the urine sample using the DART method. The results obtained in the study showed the ability for DART to identify molecular protonated peaks indicative of dextroamphetamine and/or the presence of masking agents. While the other target drugs could not be identified using this method, the identification of dextroamphetamine, adulterant products and the deuterated internal standard show promise in using this as a screening technique prior to confirmatory tests. Future work is currently being conducted to optimize the protocol for the evaluation of THC, cocaine and benzodiazepines.
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Date Issued
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2019
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Identifier
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CFH2000538, ucf:45623
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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PURL
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http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFH2000538
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Title
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IDENTIFICATION OF FABRICS LIKELY TO COLLECT AND DISPERSE FEL D 1.
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Creator
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Jones, Mary, von Kalm, Laurence, University of Central Florida
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Abstract / Description
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Individuals sensitive to domestic cat allergen Fel d 1 experience a variety of symptoms including eye irritation, respiratory irritation, asthma, and severe respiratory distress. Fel d 1 is a protein produced in the saliva and on the skin of domestic cats. Previous studies have demonstrated that Fel d 1 adheres to clothing, upholstery, and human hair and has been found in non-cat environments in levels high enough to cause allergic reactions in sensitive individuals. In a general sense, two...
Show moreIndividuals sensitive to domestic cat allergen Fel d 1 experience a variety of symptoms including eye irritation, respiratory irritation, asthma, and severe respiratory distress. Fel d 1 is a protein produced in the saliva and on the skin of domestic cats. Previous studies have demonstrated that Fel d 1 adheres to clothing, upholstery, and human hair and has been found in non-cat environments in levels high enough to cause allergic reactions in sensitive individuals. In a general sense, two very different approaches have been adopted to study Fel d 1. One area of the literature focuses on the molecular biology of Fel d 1 and its functions at the cellular level. These studies hold long-term promise for an effective clinical response to this persistent allergen. An entirely separate literature focuses on immediate practical solutions that remove Fel d 1 from the domestic environment. Within this literature there has been minimal emphasis on the possibility that different fabrics may have different affinities for Fel d 1. Therefore, the affinity of Fel d 1 for different fabrics is the focus of this study. The findings from this study will be of use in reducing allergic reactions in sensitive individuals through the choice of appropriate fabrics in clothing and upholstery. Forty domestic household cats were chosen for this study. Each cat was rubbed, in a manner similar to petting, with an assembled fabric square based on a Latin-square design. Each Latin-square design consisted of a 6x6 fabric grid and included the fabrics silk dupioni, wool suiting, cotton denim, cotton damask, polyester suede and polyester knit. The random organization of the fabrics into the grid removed bias for the location of fabrics within the square during Fel d 1 collection. After rubbing, the Latin-square fabric block was disassembled and Fel d 1 was extracted from each fabric type and analyzed via quantitative ELISA. The results were statistically analyzed with a univariate ANOVA. Fabrics significantly differ (p<0.001) in Fel d 1 retention and fall into three groups. Silk dupioni collected the least amount of Fel d 1. Wool suiting, cotton denim and cotton damask were intermediate in Fel d 1 collection, while polyester suede and polyester knit collected the highest amounts of Fel d 1. Samples were also collected for a time study to determine if Fel d 1 bound on fabric degrades, or otherwise diminishes, over time. 14 weeks (approximately 3 months) after collection, Fel d 1 was extracted from fabrics and quantified by ELISA. A paired T-test was used to evaluate changes in Fel d 1 levels on specific fabrics over the 14 week period. When compared to extractions performed immediately after exposure, the amount of Fel d 1 released from specific fabrics after 14 weeks was significantly reduced. From these studies I conclude that an individual allergic to Fel d 1 may be able to limit their allergen exposure by selecting fabrics less likely to collect the allergen for their environment. Natural fibers (silk, wool, and cotton) collected less Fel d 1 than polyester fabrics, suggesting that natural fibers are recommended over fabrics containing polyester for persons allergic to cats.
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Date Issued
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2011
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Identifier
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CFE0003963, ucf:48710
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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PURL
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http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0003963
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Title
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A Preliminary Assessment of Steroid Reproductive Hormones in Archaeological Human Hair Utilizing a Modified Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) Technique.
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Creator
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Tisdale, Elisha, Schultz, John, Williams, Lana, Wheeler, Sandra, University of Central Florida
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Abstract / Description
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Hair has become an invaluable resource in forensic, clinical, and bioarchaeological research. The unique interaction between the growing hair fiber, the hair follicle, and the endocrine system inundates the growing hair fiber with an incremental record of many of the discreet physiological processes of the body. Recently, a novel study by Webb et al. (2010) demonstrated that endogenous records of cortisol, the (")stress hormone("), are capable of being extracted from archaeological human hair...
Show moreHair has become an invaluable resource in forensic, clinical, and bioarchaeological research. The unique interaction between the growing hair fiber, the hair follicle, and the endocrine system inundates the growing hair fiber with an incremental record of many of the discreet physiological processes of the body. Recently, a novel study by Webb et al. (2010) demonstrated that endogenous records of cortisol, the (")stress hormone("), are capable of being extracted from archaeological human hair through a modified enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique, thus providing insight into the (")invisible(") stress experiences of an individual that would otherwise not be detectable through skeletal analysis. The present study seeks to apply this novel ELISA technique to archaeological hair to determine whether endogenous patterns of secretion are detectable for the steroid reproductive hormones estradiol and testosterone. Here, hair from 10 individuals from the Kellis 2 cemetery in the Dakhleh Oasis, Egypt is analyzed for endogenous concentrations of the steroid hormones cortisol, estradiol, and testosterone. A control sample consisting of hair from 10 modern cadavers is also assessed for each hormone to ensure method efficacy. Cortisol, estradiol, and testosterone were successfully identified in all 10 archaeological individuals and in each of the 10 individuals in the modern control group. Results revealed that archaeological preservation of each hormone was favorable, and incremental patterning of each hormone seem to reflect endogenous hormone secretion in life. Values for cortisol, estradiol in pre-menopausal females, and testosterone extracted from the archaeological and modern control samples fall within reference values taken from archaeological and clinical research; however, estradiol values for males and postmenopausal females exceeded projected reference values. Explorations for variables which could contribute to discrepancies between reported and observed estradiol values are provided, along with two case studies on female individuals from the archaeological sample. The results of this study demonstrate that steroid reproductive hormones can be preserved in archaeological human hair, and that these hormones can be analyzed to create additional lines of inquiry into bioarcheological studies of ancient health and fertility.
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Date Issued
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2017
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Identifier
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CFE0006921, ucf:51700
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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PURL
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http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0006921