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SEXUAL HARASSMENT, PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION, AND LABOR MARKET OUTCOMES FOR WOMEN: CASE STUDY OF LAHORE, PAKISTAN
Title
SEXUAL HARASSMENT, PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION, AND LABOR MARKET OUTCOMES FOR WOMEN: CASE STUDY OF LAHORE, PAKISTAN.
Creator
Wilder, Rachel A, Guldi, Melanie, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description
This thesis investigates an understudied question in the economics literature: how does sexual harassment experienced in and around public transportation affect labor market outcomes for women? Previous research suggests that access to public transport can improve labor market outcomes and that women's use of public transportation is sometimes limited by their experience of sexual harassment. It follows that when harassment is particularly widespread or severe - as is the case in much of...
Show moreThis thesis investigates an understudied question in the economics literature: how does sexual harassment experienced in and around public transportation affect labor market outcomes for women? Previous research suggests that access to public transport can improve labor market outcomes and that women's use of public transportation is sometimes limited by their experience of sexual harassment. It follows that when harassment is particularly widespread or severe - as is the case in much of South Asia - it may lead women who depend on public transportation for travel to make different labor market choices or not to work at all. If this effect exists, then it holds important implications for policymakers who aim to boost economic development and social equality by increasing women's labor force participation. I analyze the case of Lahore, Pakistan using data from the Lahore Urban Transport Master Plan Household Interview Survey. I present a descriptive analysis of women's transportation usage, safety onboard transport, and employment in Lahore. I then use ordinary least squares and logistic regression analysis to assess the relationship between proxy variables for harassment and women's odds of employment, use of public transportation, and price and time of day of commute. Results do not support the hypothesis that sexual harassment on transportation affects labor market outcomes for women. Important limitations and suggestions for further research are discussed.
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Date Issued
2018
Identifier
CFH2000322, ucf:45779
Format
Document (PDF)
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFH2000322
Millennials Making Meanings: Social Constructions of Sexual Harassment regarding Gender and Power by Generation Y
Title
Millennials Making Meanings: Social Constructions of Sexual Harassment regarding Gender and Power by Generation Y.
Creator
Stark, Nicole, Grauerholz, Liz, Carter, Shannon, Anthony, Amanda, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description
The term sexual harassment was brought to light by legal scholar Catharine MacKinnon during the second wave feminist movement in the 1970s, and has since changed in its meaning over the past four decades, influencing policy, legal action, and the way we, as a society, treat this social problem. Millennials, or those born between 1980 and 2000, will be the next generation of working adults that will influence the way sexual harassment is understood and defined both legally and socially. The...
Show moreThe term sexual harassment was brought to light by legal scholar Catharine MacKinnon during the second wave feminist movement in the 1970s, and has since changed in its meaning over the past four decades, influencing policy, legal action, and the way we, as a society, treat this social problem. Millennials, or those born between 1980 and 2000, will be the next generation of working adults that will influence the way sexual harassment is understood and defined both legally and socially. The Millennial generation is typically considered liberal and socially conscious, prompting the research question of (")How do Millennials socially construct sexual harassment in terms of gender and power?(") Eighteen semi-structured interviews with adult Millennials up to age 33 were conducted. Analysis was informed by feminist theory, social constructionism, and critical race theory. Results showed while Millennials are quick to speak about inclusion of men as targets of sexual harassment, they did so at the cost of frankly discussing that women are targeted more often than men. Combined with the ability to discuss individual causes of sexual harassment compared to the structural, this led to my findings of(")gender-blind(") sexual harassment attitudes describing postfeminist beliefs among Millennials.
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Date Issued
2015
Identifier
CFE0005719, ucf:50139
Format
Document (PDF)
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0005719
VICTIMS OF MORE THAN JUST BIAS: GENDER'S INFLUENCE ON JURY AWARDS AND OTHER MONETARY BENEFITS IN WORKPLACE SEXUAL HARASSMENT CLAIMS
Title
VICTIMS OF MORE THAN JUST BIAS: GENDER'S INFLUENCE ON JURY AWARDS AND OTHER MONETARY BENEFITS IN WORKPLACE SEXUAL HARASSMENT CLAIMS.
Creator
Ferraro, Anthony, Cronon, Christopher, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description
The main objective in this research was to examine the extent to which gender and gender biases influence monetary benefits received, including jury award amounts, in workplace sexual harassment claims. Two methods were utilized to explore the discrepancies in monetary benefits received based on gender differences. The first method used was a survey to test various gender attitudes, attitudes on sexual harassment, and how influential a victim's gender was on determinations of damage award...
Show moreThe main objective in this research was to examine the extent to which gender and gender biases influence monetary benefits received, including jury award amounts, in workplace sexual harassment claims. Two methods were utilized to explore the discrepancies in monetary benefits received based on gender differences. The first method used was a survey to test various gender attitudes, attitudes on sexual harassment, and how influential a victim's gender was on determinations of damage award amounts in sexual harassment cases. 6 two-way factorial univariate between-subject analyses of variance (ANOVAs) were used to analyze the survey data. The second method in this project consisted of an examination of claims filed by victims of sexual harassment. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission statistics were broken down by gender with respect to resolution type. This provided a means to assess the actual monetary benefits received by both men and women across all possible forms of claim resolutions. In conjunction, these two methods provide a more balanced approach to the assessment of gender discrepancies in sexual harassment claims. Using a combination of actual claims of sexual harassment and survey data, rather than just one or the other, allows for direct comparison between perception and reality. The comparison of perception and reality allows for a more complete assessment of the state of sexual harassment claims as they relate to victim's gender. With a more complete assessment of sexual harassment claims and perceptions of sexual harassment it may be possible to bring to light potential injustices caused by gender or gender stereotyping, and correct any imbalances that may be present.
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Date Issued
2012
Identifier
CFH0004247, ucf:44967
Format
Document (PDF)
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFH0004247
I'm Not Your Waifu: Sexual Harassment and Assault in Cosplay, Anime (&) Comic Conventions
Title
I'm Not Your Waifu: Sexual Harassment and Assault in Cosplay, Anime (&) Comic Conventions.
Creator
Ellsworth, Alexandria, Huff-Corzine, Lin, Anthony, Amanda, Reckdenwald, Amy, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description
Women face sexual harassment and sexual assault far too often with one in every six women sexually assaulted during their life (Tjaden (&) Thoennes, 1998). In the anime and comic community, women face sexual assault and harassment, often in open public spaces, due to these spaces being labeled as men's (Cote, 2015; Fox (&) Potocki 2015; Rodriguez 2015; Schott (&) Horrell 2000). Policies such as Cosplay is not Consent (Facebook, 2018) are not upheld or enforced by anime and comic conventions....
Show moreWomen face sexual harassment and sexual assault far too often with one in every six women sexually assaulted during their life (Tjaden (&) Thoennes, 1998). In the anime and comic community, women face sexual assault and harassment, often in open public spaces, due to these spaces being labeled as men's (Cote, 2015; Fox (&) Potocki 2015; Rodriguez 2015; Schott (&) Horrell 2000). Policies such as Cosplay is not Consent (Facebook, 2018) are not upheld or enforced by anime and comic conventions. Policies that are enforced, have clear and concise wording, and are enforced by staff and volunteers, who have been educated or trained to deal with sexual assault and harassment, may likely promote safer sexual assault and sexual harassment free anime and comic conventions. A total of 27 participants (20 women, 6 men, and 1 non-binary) were recruited via a snowball technique through Facebook social media groups. Participants were interviewed in-depth either face-to-face or through written interviews. The results showed that: (1) cosplay is a form of embodiment it does not negate the person's identity or bodily autonomy while wearing the cosplay; (2) women are generally the targets of sexual assault and harassment; (3) policies are often not enforced or enforced well due to lack of clear policies or consequences; (4) staff and volunteers are not educated, trained or equipped to deal with sexual assault and harassment; and 5) anime and comic convention organizers need to be responsible for helping to create safer environments for their attendees, staff, and volunteers.
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Date Issued
2018
Identifier
CFE0007175, ucf:52281
Format
Document (PDF)
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0007175
Rewriting Patriarchal Norms in Academia: Invitational Rhetoric in a Crowdsourced Survey
Title
Rewriting Patriarchal Norms in Academia: Invitational Rhetoric in a Crowdsourced Survey.
Creator
Molko, Rachel, Wheeler, Stephanie, Rounsaville, Angela, Jones, Natasha, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description
This thesis seeks to understand the how texts are constructed to forward feminist communicative objectives through a case study of Dr. Karen Kelsky's "A Crowdsourced Survey of Sexual Harassment in the Academy.(") In this research, sexual harassment is understood as(&)nbsp;an act of power, sexual in nature, enacted by faculty or staff (employed or contracted in different capacities) in their relations with other faculty or staff, who are often lower ranking.(&)nbsp;By adopting invitational...
Show moreThis thesis seeks to understand the how texts are constructed to forward feminist communicative objectives through a case study of Dr. Karen Kelsky's "A Crowdsourced Survey of Sexual Harassment in the Academy.(") In this research, sexual harassment is understood as(&)nbsp;an act of power, sexual in nature, enacted by faculty or staff (employed or contracted in different capacities) in their relations with other faculty or staff, who are often lower ranking.(&)nbsp;By adopting invitational rhetoric as a theoretical framework, this thesis examines the way(&)nbsp;Dr. Karen Kelsky's crowdsourced survey creates the space to articulate and elevate often(&)nbsp;suppressed(&)nbsp;personal testimony regarding sexual harassment.(&)nbsp;By welcoming, and then displaying, narratives that have been deliberately silenced over the course of history, Kelsky's spreadsheet showcases a collective consciousness surrounding sexual harassment in academia. The current scholarship surrounding feminist communicative praxis highlights the importance of the written personal narrative as meaning-making and as a reflective practice, especially through the medium of journaling. However, this research examines how texts can employ personal testimony to co-create meaning as a mode of resistance. In particular, Kelsky's artifacts create a space that privileges and displays situated knowledge about sexual harassment that has been otherwise obfuscated. By conducting a feminist(&)nbsp;rhetorical analysis, this thesis argues that Kelsky's artifacts perform invitational rhetoric that mediates situated knowledge surrounding sexual harassment in the academic workplace.(&)nbsp;Reflection and dialogue shape the nature of storytelling as evoked by the survey, which are approached by this thesis as feminist communicative praxes that are activated throughout engagement with the artifacts.
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Date Issued
2018
Identifier
CFE0007228, ucf:52229
Format
Document (PDF)
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0007228
Not Woman Enough Harassment: Scale Development and an Integrated Model from Antecedent to Outcome
Title
Not Woman Enough Harassment: Scale Development and an Integrated Model from Antecedent to Outcome.
Creator
Wolcott, Amanda, Jentsch, Kimberly, Jentsch, Florian, Shoss, Mindy, Lopez, Stephanie, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description
The rise of research on workplace mistreatment in the past twenty years can be attributed to the realization that workplace mistreatment is associated with a host of deleterious outcomes for both the individual targets of the mistreatment and the organizations in which they work. However, the extant literature is failing to capture the full range of sex-based mistreatment that people may experience through a tendency to focus solely on sexual harassment and sex discrimination, which are very...
Show moreThe rise of research on workplace mistreatment in the past twenty years can be attributed to the realization that workplace mistreatment is associated with a host of deleterious outcomes for both the individual targets of the mistreatment and the organizations in which they work. However, the extant literature is failing to capture the full range of sex-based mistreatment that people may experience through a tendency to focus solely on sexual harassment and sex discrimination, which are very specific types of behavior based on one's sex and gender stereotypes. In this dissertation, I introduce the construct of Not Woman Enough Harassment, or the extent to which women perceive that they are treated unfavorably because they do not meet traditionally held stereotypes of femininity. A scale was developed and validated in order to measure this type of harassment, and a model from antecedent to outcome was proposed. Results demonstrated that not woman enough harassment was experienced by approximately 32.5% of the sample. The scale showed good psychometric properties, with two distinct factors of harassment based on physical and non-physical traits. Not woman enough harassment was demonstrated to be distinct from other forms of sexual and workplace harassment. Discomfort with gender norm conformity and masculine physical and non-physical expression were shown to be antecedents of not woman enough harassment, along with a moderating effect of job gender context. In addition, not woman enough harassment significantly predicted decreased job satisfaction, affective organizational commitment, and task performance and increased withdrawal and job stress. Similar patterns were found for males with not man enough harassment.
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Date Issued
2017
Identifier
CFE0006962, ucf:51629
Format
Document (PDF)
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0006962
THE TRANSFORMATION OF OUR WORKPLACES: HOW GENDER HAS SHAPED WORKPLACE SEXUAL HARASSMENT LAW AND AWARD AMOUNTS
Title
THE TRANSFORMATION OF OUR WORKPLACES: HOW GENDER HAS SHAPED WORKPLACE SEXUAL HARASSMENT LAW AND AWARD AMOUNTS.
Creator
Waldick, Ian, Cronon, Chad, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description
Equal Employment Opportunity laws are a relatively new construct within the framework of American legal history. This area of law, however, has experienced significant development within a relatively short span of time. Over the last half-century, the Supreme Court of the United States has handed down several landmark decisions, clarifying the law as to what constitutes sexual harassment, and in which circumstances employers can be held liable for the harassing actions of employees. The...
Show moreEqual Employment Opportunity laws are a relatively new construct within the framework of American legal history. This area of law, however, has experienced significant development within a relatively short span of time. Over the last half-century, the Supreme Court of the United States has handed down several landmark decisions, clarifying the law as to what constitutes sexual harassment, and in which circumstances employers can be held liable for the harassing actions of employees. The purpose of this thesis is to examine this development, and to assess the question of whether the awards given to male victims of workplace sexual harassment are comparable to the awards given to female victims.
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Date Issued
2013
Identifier
CFH0004438, ucf:45086
Format
Document (PDF)
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFH0004438