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INVESTIGATING THE EFFECTS OF TACTILE STRESS ON A MILITARY TOUNIQUET APPLICATION TASK
Title
INVESTIGATING THE EFFECTS OF TACTILE STRESS ON A MILITARY TOUNIQUET APPLICATION TASK.
Creator
Nayeem, Razia, Hancock, Peter, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description
In combat, soldiers encounter stress from multiple sources including loss of sleep, extremely high levels of physical and psychological discomfort, extended periods of increased vigilance, and intense danger. Therefore, it is imperative to train such personnel on how to cope with these stressors. One way to do this is to include stressors in different forms of training to acclimate soldiers to the subsequent stress of combat. Due to their advantages, tactile trainers are being investigated...
Show moreIn combat, soldiers encounter stress from multiple sources including loss of sleep, extremely high levels of physical and psychological discomfort, extended periods of increased vigilance, and intense danger. Therefore, it is imperative to train such personnel on how to cope with these stressors. One way to do this is to include stressors in different forms of training to acclimate soldiers to the subsequent stress of combat. Due to their advantages, tactile trainers are being investigated increasingly for the use of training Army medics in this context. The present work examines how vibrating tactile sensors, or tactors, can be used as surrogate sources of stress on an operator performing a simulated medical task. This work also examines how this "optimal" configuration interacts with other types of stress, such as noise and time pressure. The outcome findings support the hypotheses that configurations placed on sensitive body areas are more stressful than those placed on more benign body locations in terms of worse task performance on a tourniquet application task. In terms of application times, the same trends persist in terms of proper application, subjective stress and subjective workload, as well as a secondary monitoring task, in terms of response times, accuracy, and time estimation. Additionally, findings supported hypotheses that the stress responses experienced order tactile stress alone is compounded when other types of stress are employed, both on the primary and secondary tasks. These results have implications for training, such that if stressors are employed in training, performance decrements might be lessened during actual task performance; they can be generalized to not only combat medics, but other military specialties and civilian jobs that incur vibration, auditory stress, and time pressure while engaged in performance.
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Date Issued
2008
Identifier
CFE0002028, ucf:47612
Format
Document (PDF)
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0002028
Bleeding Control Using Multiple Amputee Trauma Trainer in Medical Simulation: Comparison of Movement Versus Non-Movement in Training
Title
Bleeding Control Using Multiple Amputee Trauma Trainer in Medical Simulation: Comparison of Movement Versus Non-Movement in Training.
Creator
Allen, Christine, Kincaid, John, Schatz, Sarah, Allred, Kelly, Talbert, Steven, Sotomayor, Teresita, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description
Army first responders, specifically Combat Medics and Combat Lifesavers, provide medical intervention while in the field. Didactic as well as hands-on training helps to prepare these first responders, and one module they receive involves bleeding control. First responders are taught to use the Combat Application Tourniquet(&)#174; (CAT(&)#174;) to stop bleeding from limbs subjected to severe injury such as amputation, gunshot, or severe lacerations. A training aid like the Multiple Amputee...
Show moreArmy first responders, specifically Combat Medics and Combat Lifesavers, provide medical intervention while in the field. Didactic as well as hands-on training helps to prepare these first responders, and one module they receive involves bleeding control. First responders are taught to use the Combat Application Tourniquet(&)#174; (CAT(&)#174;) to stop bleeding from limbs subjected to severe injury such as amputation, gunshot, or severe lacerations. A training aid like the Multiple Amputee Trauma Trainer(TM) (MATT(TM)) simulator provides tourniquet training using a lifelike bilateral lower limb amputee. In addition, MATT(TM) combines movement and resistance while the first responder applies the tourniquet, mimicking conditions one would see in a real situation. This research describes tourniquet history, appropriate usage, field tourniquet review, surgical tourniquet, CAT(&)#174; bleeding intervention procedures, bleeding physiology and complications, prehospital tourniquet use in recent conflicts, medical simulation fidelity, and a review of the value of animatronic movement during tourniquet simulation-based training. I then evaluate the effectiveness of animatronic movement during tourniquet training using the Advanced MATT in an experiment using Army first responders. The control group experienced no movement while the experimental group experienced movement when applying a tourniquet during the lab-training. Each group then alternately experienced Advanced MATT movement during an immersive scenario along with fog, strobe lights, and battle sounds. It was hypothesized that 1) In the immersive scenario, the experimental groups (i.e., those who were trained on a moving simulator) would have a faster reaction time as compared to those participants who did not receive training on the moving Advanced MATT simulator; 2) In the lab-based training, the experimental groups would have a slower reaction time; 3) In the immersive scenario, the experimental groups would have a faster tourniquet application time when subjected to movement while in the lab-based training, but the experimental groups would also have a slower tourniquet application time when initially subjected to movement in the laboratory-based training; finally, 4, 5, and 6) Participants who completed lab-based tourniquet training on the Advanced MATT simulation with animatronic movement would report higher perceived realism scores than participants who complete the training on a static version of the Advanced MATT and participants who completed a tourniquet training immersive scenario on the Advanced MATT simulation with movement would report higher perceived realism, presence, and self-efficacy scores than participants who complete the training on a static version of the Advanced MATT. The empirical results show a significant overall training effect of the Advanced MATT simulator (with or without movement). For reaction time and tourniquet application time, involving simulator movement was significant over varying scenarios. A small reduction in reaction and tourniquet application time on the battlefield may be extremely beneficial on the battlefield. Participants who received movement generally gave more positive reactions than those who did not received movement, although these results failed to reach statistical significance. Participants who received movement, followed by a scenario without movement rated the subjective ratings the lowest, suggestive of the lack of movement. Furthermore, despite the order movement was received, no large drops in performance occurred in any condition, indicating that negative training was avoided.
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Date Issued
2011
Identifier
CFE0004468, ucf:49316
Format
Document (PDF)
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0004468