Current Search:  cardiovascular disease (x)

View All Items

  • CSV Spreadsheet
(1 - 4 of 4)
AWARENESS OF INCREASED RISK FOR HEART DISEASE AND CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS IN WOMEN WITH SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS
Title
AWARENESS OF INCREASED RISK FOR HEART DISEASE AND CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS IN WOMEN WITH SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS.
Creator
Weinstein, Patricia, Dennis, Karen, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description
Women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) develop cardiovascular disease (CVD) earlier and at a more accelerated rate compared to women without SLE. Many women with SLE are unaware of their increased risk despite years spent in the health care system, thus giving the atherogenic process time to accrue damage. Research has not explained fully why women with SLE are unaware of their increased risk for CVD or why awareness does not correspond to risk-educing behaviors. Stage theories of...
Show moreWomen with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) develop cardiovascular disease (CVD) earlier and at a more accelerated rate compared to women without SLE. Many women with SLE are unaware of their increased risk despite years spent in the health care system, thus giving the atherogenic process time to accrue damage. Research has not explained fully why women with SLE are unaware of their increased risk for CVD or why awareness does not correspond to risk-educing behaviors. Stage theories of behavior like the Precaution Adoption Process Model (PAPM) propose that health behavior change proceeds through qualitatively different stages, and people at one stage face similar barriers before they can progress to the next. The Common Sense Model (CSM), a self-regulatory model of health behavior, explains the emotional and cognitive processes involved in progression from one stage to the next and the formation of a personal risk/illness representation. Combining the PAPM and CSM helps understand the relationship between risk perception and adoption of risk reducing behaviors. The specific aims of this study were to assess in women with SLE: (1) general knowledge of heart disease compared to women without SLE; (2) awareness of increased CVD risk and CVD risk factors; and (3) personal and healthcare system factors that influence awareness of increased CVD risk and adoption of risk reducing behaviors. Sixty women with SLE, 18 years of age or older, were recruited to participate in this descriptive study. Data included demographic information, self-report questionnaires (perceived CVD risk, CVD risk factors, depression, physical activity), body measures (height, weight, waist circumference, blood pressure), and blood samples for physiologic markers of traditional and novel CVD risk factors (glucose, insulin, lipoprotein lipids, creatinine, C-reactive protein, homocysteine, antiphospholipid antibodies). The Beck Depression Inventory-Primary Care and the Physical Activity Disability Survey were used to determine depression and activity level respectively. General knowledge of heart disease was assessed using the American Heart Association (AHA) National Survey on women's awareness of heart disease. Logistic regression was used to categorize participants into subgroups according to perceived risk and identify important factors that influenced their PAPM stage categorization. Women with SLE in this study were more aware of women's leading cause of death than United States women who responded to the 2006 AHA survey (73% v 57%), but fewer than 25% perceived themselves at increased CVD risk. Age was a significant predictor (p=0.05) for awareness of increased risk; younger age correlated with increased awareness. Most women received information about heart disease from public media. On average, women had 4 CVD risk factors, but they perceived they had only 2. The number of perceived risk factors predicted adoption of risk reducing behaviors (p=0.03). Women in this study with SLE underestimated their CVD risk factors and did not personalize their increased CVD risk. Healthcare providers' identification and discussion of CVD risk factors in women with SLE may enhance their risk awareness and the adoption of risk reducing behaviors. This information may contribute to the development of stage-matched interventions, a potentially more effective and efficient approach than a generic program of risk-reduction, especially in individuals with SLE who face the additional burden of a chronic illness.
Show less
Date Issued
2009
Identifier
CFE0002755, ucf:48138
Format
Document (PDF)
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0002755
EFFECTIVENESS OF CARDIAC REHABILITATION: SECONDARY PREVENTION INCREASES FUNCTIONAL CAPACITY IN POST-MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION PATIENTS
Title
EFFECTIVENESS OF CARDIAC REHABILITATION: SECONDARY PREVENTION INCREASES FUNCTIONAL CAPACITY IN POST-MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION PATIENTS.
Creator
Badillo, Kristin, Fisher, Thomas, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description
The purpose of this study was to discern the effectiveness of Cardiac Rehabilitation/ Secondary Prevention Programs (CR/ SPPs) by evaluating increased functional capacity in the form of MET (metabolic equivalent) scores post-myocardial infarction (MI) or heart attack. The Duke Activity Status Index (DASI) survey is administered as part of the Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for participation in the Secondary Prevention Program. Criterion for the research included patients 65 and older,...
Show moreThe purpose of this study was to discern the effectiveness of Cardiac Rehabilitation/ Secondary Prevention Programs (CR/ SPPs) by evaluating increased functional capacity in the form of MET (metabolic equivalent) scores post-myocardial infarction (MI) or heart attack. The Duke Activity Status Index (DASI) survey is administered as part of the Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for participation in the Secondary Prevention Program. Criterion for the research included patients 65 and older, with a history of one myocardial infarction, and had completed all 36 sessions of CR. The scores from 11 SPP surveys were analyzed and compared in three time increments from sessions 1-18 (initial, or"pre"), sessions 19-36 ("pan"), and sessions 1-36 ("post"). A total of 11 (n=11) surveys were collected and analyzed at The Computing and Statistical Technology Laboratory in Education (CASTLE) in the Teaching Academy on UCF Main Campus. Results from the data showed mean MET scores of 6.21 at session 1, 7.59 at session 18, and 8.15 at session 36. The mean changes over time represented in METs were 1.38 (1), .56 (18), and 1.93 (36). Percent changes over time were 27% (1), 8% (18), and 36% (36). This study showed increased functional capacity over time and will improve program design in terms of frequency and duration.
Show less
Date Issued
2015
Identifier
CFH0004770, ucf:45339
Format
Document (PDF)
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFH0004770
Fluid Dynamics Modeling and Sound Analysis of a Bileaflet Mechanical Heart Valve
Title
Fluid Dynamics Modeling and Sound Analysis of a Bileaflet Mechanical Heart Valve.
Creator
Khalili, Fardin, Mansy, Hansen, Kassab, Alain, Steward, Robert, Zaurin, Ricardo, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the main causes of death in the world. Some CVD involve severe heart valve disease that require valve replacement. There are more than 300,000 heart valves implanted worldwide, and about 85,000 heart valve replacements in the US. Approximately half of these valves are mechanical. Artificial valves may dysfunction leading to adverse hemodynamic conditions. Understanding the normal and abnormal valve function is important as it help improve valve designs....
Show moreCardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the main causes of death in the world. Some CVD involve severe heart valve disease that require valve replacement. There are more than 300,000 heart valves implanted worldwide, and about 85,000 heart valve replacements in the US. Approximately half of these valves are mechanical. Artificial valves may dysfunction leading to adverse hemodynamic conditions. Understanding the normal and abnormal valve function is important as it help improve valve designs. Modeling of heart valve hemodynamics using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) provides a comprehensive analysis of flow, which can potentially help explain clinical observations and support therapeutic decision-making. This detailed information might not be accessible with in-vivo measurements. On the other hand, finite element analysis (FEA), is an efficient way to analyze the interactions of blood flow with blood vessel and tissue layers. In this project both CFD and FEA simulations were performed to investigate the flow-induced sound generation and propagation of sound waves through a tissue-like material. This method is based on mapping the transient pressure (force) fluctuations on the vessel wall and solving for the structural vibrations in the frequency domain. These vibrations would then be detected as sound on the epidermal surface. Advantages of the methods used in the current study include: (a) capability of providing accurate solution with a faster solution time; (b) inclusion of the fluid(-)structure interaction between blood flow and the arterial wall; and (c) accurately capturing some of the spectral features of the velocity fluctuation measured over the epidermal surface.
Show less
Date Issued
2018
Identifier
CFE0007029, ucf:52038
Format
Document (PDF)
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0007029
Role of Lipid Peroxide Derived Dicarboxylic Acids in Atherosclerotic Calcification
Title
Role of Lipid Peroxide Derived Dicarboxylic Acids in Atherosclerotic Calcification.
Creator
Riad, Aladdin, Parthasarathy, Sampath, Altomare, Deborah, Masternak, Michal, Naser, Saleh, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description
Cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis, are the leading cause of death in the United States. Atherosclerotic lesions are formed by deposition of lipids in the intima of arteries. Upon exposure to oxidative stresses, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is converted to highly atherogenic oxidized LDL (ox-LDL) particles, contributing to disease development and progression. Advanced disease stages may result in calcification of lesions. This calcification process is important, as it has...
Show moreCardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis, are the leading cause of death in the United States. Atherosclerotic lesions are formed by deposition of lipids in the intima of arteries. Upon exposure to oxidative stresses, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is converted to highly atherogenic oxidized LDL (ox-LDL) particles, contributing to disease development and progression. Advanced disease stages may result in calcification of lesions. This calcification process is important, as it has been shown to be associated with stable plaques that are less prone to rupture. Calcification is present in lipid rich domains of lesions, however neither the composition of the mineralized calcium deposits nor its relationship to lipid peroxidation or the lipid rich atherosclerotic core has previously been identified. This study provides evidence that the lipid peroxide derived dicarboxylic acid (DCA), azelaic acid (AzA) induces calcification in smooth muscle cells, thereby providing the link between calcification and overall plaque burden, and association of calcification with the lipophilic region of the lesion. The potential of lipid peroxide-derived lipophilic DCAs to promote calcification upon exposure to vascular smooth muscle cells was tested. 13-hydroperoxylinoleic acid (HPODE) treatment resulted in the cellular conversion to 9-oxononanoic acid (ONA) and AzA as determined by mass spectrometry analysis. Delivery of AzA via lysophosphatidylcholine (Lyso-PtdCho) micelles induced calcification of human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMC). AzA was identified in calcified human and mouse atherosclerotic plaques. Calcification of HASMC due to AzA treatment resulted in a less inflammatory and oxidative environment as indicated by genetic expression. These results demonstrate that DCAs may contribute to atherosclerotic calcification thus accounting for the latter's relationship to plaque burden and association with lipids. This study also challenges the dogma that arterial calcification represents the deposition of calcium phosphate and has implications with the development of new therapeutic strategies in treating late stage atherosclerosis.
Show less
Date Issued
2018
Identifier
CFE0007413, ucf:52730
Format
Document (PDF)
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0007413