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Title: A meta-analytic approach to examining psychosocial correlates of risk in HIV-diagnosed and HIV-nondiagnosed men who have sex with men.
Creator: Lacefield, Katharine, Negy, Charles, Beidel, Deborah, Dunn, Stacey, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) continues to disproportionately affect men who have sex with men (MSM). Gay, bisexual, and other MSM are estimated to account for two percent of the population, yet they constitute more than half of all individuals living with HIV in the United States (Centers for Disease Control [CDC], 2010). Collectively, both HIV-diagnosed (HIV-D) and HIV-nondiagnosed (HIV-ND) MSM report a variety of reasons for intentional and unintentional nonuse of condoms. Depending...
Show moreHuman Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) continues to disproportionately affect men who have sex with men (MSM). Gay, bisexual, and other MSM are estimated to account for two percent of the population, yet they constitute more than half of all individuals living with HIV in the United States (Centers for Disease Control [CDC], 2010). Collectively, both HIV-diagnosed (HIV-D) and HIV-nondiagnosed (HIV-ND) MSM report a variety of reasons for intentional and unintentional nonuse of condoms. Depending on partner status, HIV-D MSM are in the unique position of having the potential both to increase risk of infecting others with HIV and to expose themselves to further complication (e.g., superinfection) when they engage in unprotected anal intercourse (UAI). HIV-ND MSM are at risk of seroconversion each time they engage in UAI with an infected partner or partner of unknown HIV status. Elucidating reasons for continued engagement in UAI specific to both HIV-D and HIV-ND MSM likely is an important step in the process of effective prevention. The current study employed meta-analytic methods to evaluate HIV-risk correlates in both HIV-D and HIV-ND MSM. In addition to several individual risk correlates, within the context of the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills Model, Behavioral Skills variables were related to condom use in HIV-ND MSM and Motivation variables were related to condom use in both HIV-D and HIV-ND MSM. A sufficient number of studies were not available to examine Information-based risk correlates in either subgroup. Results of the present study may guide future best practice in harm reduction for both HIV-D and HIV-ND MSM.
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Date Issued: 2013
Identifier: CFE0004874, ucf:49647
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0004874

Title: CLASSROOM OBSERVATION OF CHILDREN WITH ADHD AND THEIR PEERS: A META-ANALYTIC REVIEW.
Creator: Kofler, Michael, Rapport, Mark, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: Meta-analysis of 23 between-group direct observation studies of children with ADHD and typically developing peers indicates significant deficiencies in children with ADHD's ability to pay attention in classroom settings. Comparison with 59 single case design studies of children with ADHD suggests generalizability of between-group comparisons. Weighted regression analysis determined that several methodological differences – sample characteristics, diagnostic procedures, and observational...
Show moreMeta-analysis of 23 between-group direct observation studies of children with ADHD and typically developing peers indicates significant deficiencies in children with ADHD's ability to pay attention in classroom settings. Comparison with 59 single case design studies of children with ADHD suggests generalizability of between-group comparisons. Weighted regression analysis determined that several methodological differences – sample characteristics, diagnostic procedures, and observational coding schema – have significant effects on observed levels of attentive behavior in the classroom. Best case estimation indicates that after accounting for these factors, children with ADHD are on-task approximately 65% of the time compared to 85% for their classroom peers. Children with ADHD were also more variable in their attentive behavior across studies. Implications for conceptual models of ADHD are discussed.
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Date Issued: 2006
Identifier: CFE0000942, ucf:46752
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0000942

Title: NON-ACUTE COGNITIVE SEQUELAE ASSOCIATED WITH RECREATIONAL ECSTASY USE: A META-ANALYSIS.
Creator: Linkovich Kyle, Tiffany, Dunn, Michael, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: Studies using animal models have found considerable evidence of neurological damage resulting from exposure to 3,4- methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, ecstasy). Yet, studies comparing the cognitive performance of human recreational ecstasy users to ecstasy naïve controls have produced inconsistent results. The present study is a meta-analysis of the published empirical literature on the cognitive sequelae of human recreational ecstasy use. The pooled effect size estimate for combined...
Show moreStudies using animal models have found considerable evidence of neurological damage resulting from exposure to 3,4- methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, ecstasy). Yet, studies comparing the cognitive performance of human recreational ecstasy users to ecstasy naïve controls have produced inconsistent results. The present study is a meta-analysis of the published empirical literature on the cognitive sequelae of human recreational ecstasy use. The pooled effect size estimate for combined cognitive domains was statistically significant and moderate in size. Small to large, statistically significant aggregate effect sizes resulted for eight of the nine cognitive ability domains included in the analysis. Moderator analyses suggested that frequent ecstasy use is associated with greater cognitive impairment, cognitive impairment can occur after relatively low amounts of total lifetime cumulative use, and recovery of functioning does not occur within one year post cessation.
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Date Issued: 2005
Identifier: CFE0000701, ucf:46614
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0000701

Title: Affective Chickens and Performance Eggs: A Longitudinal Meta-Analysis.
Creator: Lapalme, Matthew, Joseph, Dana, Shoss, Mindy, Fritzsche, Barbara, Barsade, Sigal, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: The affective revolution in the organizational sciences has yielded a body of theoretical and empirical research examining the relationship between affect and performance. This work has typically advanced affect as a predictor of performance; however, more recent theory suggests that the relationship between affect and performance is reciprocal. Since little empirical work exists supporting reciprocity between affect and performance, the purpose of this dissertation is to test if affect and...
Show moreThe affective revolution in the organizational sciences has yielded a body of theoretical and empirical research examining the relationship between affect and performance. This work has typically advanced affect as a predictor of performance; however, more recent theory suggests that the relationship between affect and performance is reciprocal. Since little empirical work exists supporting reciprocity between affect and performance, the purpose of this dissertation is to test if affect and performance are actually reciprocally related. Importantly, the advent of longitudinal and experiential research designs in the organizational sciences affords empirical opportunities to test such theory. This dissertation examines the temporal patterning of relations between affect and performance using longitudinal meta-analysis. Using longitudinal meta-analysis, this dissertation shows that the relationship between affect and performance is equivalently reciprocal (i.e. performance predicts affect to the same extent that affect predicts performance) and that the relationships between negative affect and performance and positive affect and performance are similar in magnitude (i.e. there is no positive-negative asymmetry). This dissertation also suggested that positive affect and negative affect are compatible with a broad performance construct (i.e. task performance, OCB, CWB and withdrawal). Finally, this dissertation examined important measurement moderators and found: (a) affect is reciprocally related to episodic performance; (b) affect and performance are reciprocally related when time between measurements are longer than a month; and (c) state affect measures and trait affect measures both have reciprocal relationships with performance. This meta-analysis benefits the organizational sciences by providing support for existing theories of affect as a predictor of performance (e.g. (")happy-and-productive(") theories) and by validating theories which suggest that affect and performance are reciprocally related.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: CFE0007125, ucf:51963
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0007125

Title: Leadership and Subordinate Engagement: A Meta-Analytic Examination of its Mechanisms using Self-Determination Theory.
Creator: Young, Henry, Wang, Wei, Joseph, Dana, Fritzsche, Barbara, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: Although past research has suggested ineffective leadership to be the most common reason for low levels of employee engagement, little is known about the mediating mechanisms underlying this relationship. To address this gap in research, I tested a theoretical model based on Self-Determination Theory (SDT; Deci (&) Ryan, 2000) in which two focal mechanisms, leader-member exchange (LMX) and empowerment, functioned in sequential order to predict the relationship between Full Range Leadership...
Show moreAlthough past research has suggested ineffective leadership to be the most common reason for low levels of employee engagement, little is known about the mediating mechanisms underlying this relationship. To address this gap in research, I tested a theoretical model based on Self-Determination Theory (SDT; Deci (&) Ryan, 2000) in which two focal mechanisms, leader-member exchange (LMX) and empowerment, functioned in sequential order to predict the relationship between Full Range Leadership and subordinate engagement. Results showed that transactional leadership had positive and negative indirect effects on engagement, suggesting that transactional leadership comprises a (")double-edged sword(") as a predictor of subordinate engagement. In contrast, the indirect effects between transformational leadership and engagement were consistently positive. As such, current mediation models used in leadership can benefit by drawing from SDT to investigate the unfolding process of leadership through sequential mediation.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: CFE0006675, ucf:51250
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0006675

Title: The Nuts and Bolts of Leadership Training: A Meta-Analysis.
Creator: Lacerenza, Christina, Salas, Eduardo, Joseph, Dana, Burke, Shawn, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: Organizations within the United States spent over $70 billion on corporate training in 2013; 35% of this budget was allocated to management and leadership, making this field the leading training area for organizations (O'Leonard, 2014). Despite this spending, only 13% of companies believe that they have done a quality job training their leaders (Schwartz, Bersin, (&) Pelster, 2014). This calls into question the utility and effectiveness of current initiatives. In response, this study meta...
Show moreOrganizations within the United States spent over $70 billion on corporate training in 2013; 35% of this budget was allocated to management and leadership, making this field the leading training area for organizations (O'Leonard, 2014). Despite this spending, only 13% of companies believe that they have done a quality job training their leaders (Schwartz, Bersin, (&) Pelster, 2014). This calls into question the utility and effectiveness of current initiatives. In response, this study meta-analytically organizes leadership training literature to identify the conditions under which these programs are most effective. Thus, the current meta-analysis provides the following contributions to the field: (1) meta-analytic data across years (1887 (-) 2014) and organization types, utilizing only employee personnel data; (2) investigation of training effectiveness across all Kirkpatrick (1959) evaluation levels (i.e., trainee reactions, learning, transfer, and results); (3) meta-analytic data computed using updated procedures identified by Morris and DeShon (2002); and (4) an examination of moderators not previously investigated. Based on data from 335 independent samples, results suggest that leadership training is effective across reactions (d = .63), learning (d = .73), transfer (d =. 82), and results (d = .72). The strength of these effect sizes is dependent upon several moderators, but the pattern of results is not consistent across all outcomes. For learning outcomes, programs incorporating information-, demonstration-, and practiced-based delivery methods were most effective while other design and delivery features did not affect results. In regards to transfer, programs that utilized information-, demonstration-, and practice-based methods, feedback, content based on a needs analysis, face-to-face settings, and a voluntary attendance policy produced the largest effect sizes. For results, longer programs that were mandatory, spanned weekly sessions, incorporated practice-based methods, and located on-site produced the largest effect sizes.
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Date Issued: 2015
Identifier: CFE0006341, ucf:51578
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0006341

Title: How Do Teams Become Cohesive? A Meta-Analysis of Cohesion's Antecedents.
Creator: Grossman, Rebecca, Salas, Eduardo, Burke, Shawn, Carter, Nathan, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: While a wealth of research has deemed cohesion critical for team effectiveness (e.g., Mullen (&) Copper, 1994; Beal, et al., 2003), less emphasis has been placed on understanding how to get it. Multiple studies do examine cohesion antecedents, but these studies have not yet been integrated in either theoretical or empirical manners. The purpose of this study was thus to begin addressing this gap in the literature. I conducted a series of meta-analyses to identify and explore various...
Show moreWhile a wealth of research has deemed cohesion critical for team effectiveness (e.g., Mullen (&) Copper, 1994; Beal, et al., 2003), less emphasis has been placed on understanding how to get it. Multiple studies do examine cohesion antecedents, but these studies have not yet been integrated in either theoretical or empirical manners. The purpose of this study was thus to begin addressing this gap in the literature. I conducted a series of meta-analyses to identify and explore various antecedents of cohesion, as well as moderators of antecedent-cohesion relationships. Findings revealed a variety of cohesion antecedents. Specifically, team behaviors, emergent states, team composition variables, leadership variables, team interventions, and situational variables, as well as specific variables within each of these categories, were all explored as cohesion antecedents. In most cases, significant relationships with cohesion were demonstrated, and did not differ across levels of analysis or based on cohesion type (i.e., task cohesion, social cohesion, group pride). Hypotheses pertaining to moderators of antecedent-cohesion relationships (e.g., theoretical match between antecedent and cohesion) generally were not supported. Thus, while most antecedents appeared to be important for cohesion's formation and sustainment, some interesting differences emerged, providing insight as to where attention should be focused when enhanced cohesion is desired. Results provide a foundation for the development of more comprehensive models of team cohesion, as well as insight into the mechanisms through which cohesion can be facilitated in practice. Ultimately, findings suggest that teams can become cohesive through the presence of various processes and emergent states, team interventions, and components of their situational context.
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Date Issued: 2014
Identifier: CFE0005499, ucf:50357
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0005499

Title: Pooling correlation matrices corrected for selection bias: Implications for meta-analysis.
Creator: Matthews, Kenneth, Sivo, Stephen, Bai, Haiyan, Hahs-Vaughn, Debbie, Butler, Malcolm, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: Selection effects systematically attenuate correlations and must be considered when performing meta-analyses. No research domain is immune to selection effects, evident whenever self-selection or attrition take place. In educational research, selection effects are unavoidable in studies of postsecondary admissions, placement testing, or teacher selection. While methods to correct for selection bias are well documented for univariate meta-analyses, they have gone unexamined in multivariate...
Show moreSelection effects systematically attenuate correlations and must be considered when performing meta-analyses. No research domain is immune to selection effects, evident whenever self-selection or attrition take place. In educational research, selection effects are unavoidable in studies of postsecondary admissions, placement testing, or teacher selection. While methods to correct for selection bias are well documented for univariate meta-analyses, they have gone unexamined in multivariate meta-analyses, which synthesize more than one correlation from each study (i.e., a correlation matrix). Multivariate meta-analyses of correlations provide opportunities to explore complex relationships and correcting for selection effects improves the summary effect estimates. I used Monte Carlo simulations to test two methods of correcting selection effects and evaluate a method for pooling the corrected matrices. First, I examined the performance of Thorndike's corrections (for both explicit and incidental selection) and Lawley's multivariate correction for selection on correlation matrices when explicit selection takes place on a single variable. Simulation conditions included a wide range of selection ratios, samples sizes, and population correlations. The results indicated that univariate and multivariate correction methods perform equivalently. I provide practical guidelines for choosing between the two methods. In a second Monte Carlo simulation, I examined the confidence interval coverage rates of a Robust Variance Estimation (RVE) procedure when it is used to pool correlation matrices corrected for selection effects under a random-effects model. The RVE procedure empirically estimates the standard errors of the corrected correlations and has the advantage of having no distributional assumptions. Simulation conditions included tau-squared ratio, within-study sample size, number of studies, and selection ratio. The results were mixed, with RVE performing well under higher selection ratios and larger unrestricted sample sizes. RVE performed consistently across values of tau-squared. I recommend applications of the results, especially for educational research, and opportunities for future research.
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Date Issued: 2019
Identifier: CFE0007680, ucf:52483
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0007680

Title: Front-Line Registered Nurse Job Satisfaction and Predictors: A Meta-Analysis from 1980 - 2009.
Creator: Saber, Deborah Anne, Norris, Anne, Andrews, Diane, Byers, Jacqueline, Bowers, Clint, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: Front-line registered nurses (RNs) make up the workforce that directly affect the care of patients in a variety of different healthcare settings. RN job satisfaction is important because it is tied to retention, organizational commitment, workforce safety, patient safety, and cost savings. The strongest predictors have been difficult to determine because workplaces differ, numerous tools to measure satisfaction exist, the workforce is diversified by generations and work positions, and ongoing...
Show moreFront-line registered nurses (RNs) make up the workforce that directly affect the care of patients in a variety of different healthcare settings. RN job satisfaction is important because it is tied to retention, organizational commitment, workforce safety, patient safety, and cost savings. The strongest predictors have been difficult to determine because workplaces differ, numerous tools to measure satisfaction exist, the workforce is diversified by generations and work positions, and ongoing policy changes directly impact the work of the front-line RN. The strength and stability of the workforce depends on an accurate understanding of the predictors of job satisfaction for the front-line RN. The purpose of this study was to comprehensively, quantitatively examine predictors of front-line RN job satisfaction from 1980-2009 to provide overarching conclusions based on empirical evidence. Of interest was: the (1) estimation of large, moderate, and small predictor summary effect sizes; (2) assessment of predictor differences among decades (i.e., 1980s, 1990s, and 2000s); (3) identification of causes for predictor differences among studies (i.e., moderators); and (4) investigation of predictor differences between generations (i.e., Baby Boomers, Generation X, and Millennials).A non-a priori meta-analysis approach was guided by inclusion and exclusion criteria to review published and unpublished studies from 1980(-)2009. The search process identified 48 published and 14 unpublished studies used for analysis. Within the studies that met inclusion criteria, 27 job satisfaction predictors met inclusion for analysis. Studies were coded for Study Characteristics (e.g., Year of Publication, Country of Study) that were needed for moderator analysis. Predictors were coded for data that were necessary to calculate predictor summary effect sizes (i.e., r, n). Coding quality was maximized with a coding reliability scheme that included the primary investigator (PI) and secondary coder. A random-effects model was used to guide the calculation of summary effect sizes for each job satisfaction predictor. Publication bias was examined using funnel plots and Rosenthal's Fail-safe N. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to evaluate predictor differences among decades (i.e., 1980s, 1990s, and 2000s). Heterogeneity among studies was calculated (i.e., Q-statistic, I-squared, and Tau-squared) to guide the need for moderator analysis. Moderator analyses were conducted to evaluate Study Characteristics as sources of predictor differences among studies, and to investigate the influence of Age (i.e., generation) on predictor effect sizes.The largest effect sizes were found for three predictors: Task Significance (r=.61), Empowerment (r=.55), and Control (r=.52). Moderate effect sizes were found for 10 predictors (e.g., Autonomy: r=.44; Stress: r=-.43), and small effect sizes were found for nine predictors (e.g., Wages: r=.23; Staffing Adequacy: r=.19). Significant heterogeneity between studies was present in all of the 27 predictor analyses. Effect size differences were not found between decades or generations. Moderator analysis found that the sources of the difference between studies remain unexplained indicating that unknown moderators are present.Findings from this study indicate that the largest predictors of job satisfaction for the front-line RN may be different than previously thought. Heterogeneity between studies and unidentified moderators indicate that there are significant differences among studies and more research is needed to identify the source(s) of these differences. The findings from this study can be used at the organizational, state, and national level to guide leaders to focus efforts of workplace improvements that are based on predictors that are most meaningful to front-line RNs (i.e., Task Requirements, Empowerment, and Control). Future research is needed to determine contemporary predictors of job satisfaction for the front-line RN, and the causes of heterogeneity between studies. The findings from the current study provide the critical synthesis needed to guide educational and practice recommendations aimed at supporting job satisfaction of front-line RNs, thereby, maintaining this integral component of the healthcare workforce.
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Date Issued: 2012
Identifier: CFE0004592, ucf:49220
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0004592

Title: WHAT DO WE KNOW ABOUT INTERPERSONAL SKILLS? A META-ANALYTIC EXAMINATION OF ANTECEDENTS, OUTCOMES, AND THE EFFICACY OF TRAINING.
Creator: Klein, Cameron, Salas, Eduardo, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: Despite extensive statements about the importance of possessing good interpersonal skills, little quantitative evidence has been brought forth to investigate these claims. At the same time, training in soft, or interpersonal, skills continues for organizational managers, customer service representatives, and members of formal work teams. Based on these considerations, the current research was guided by five broad questions. First, are gender and the Big Five personality variables important...
Show moreDespite extensive statements about the importance of possessing good interpersonal skills, little quantitative evidence has been brought forth to investigate these claims. At the same time, training in soft, or interpersonal, skills continues for organizational managers, customer service representatives, and members of formal work teams. Based on these considerations, the current research was guided by five broad questions. First, are gender and the Big Five personality variables important predictors in the use and effectiveness of interpersonal skills? Second, what is the relationship between various interpersonal skills and important personal and workplace outcomes? Third, given that training in interpersonal skills is prevalent in organizations today, does this training work? Further, and perhaps more importantly, under what conditions do these training interventions result in optimal outcomes? Lastly, does job complexity moderate the relationship between interpersonal skills and outcomes? To answer these questions, a series of meta-analytic investigations was conducted. The results of these analyses provided evidence for the existence of meaningful antecedents of interpersonal skills. In addition, relationships between interpersonal skills and outcomes were identified, with hypotheses in this area confirmed. The results of this research demonstrate the beneficial impact of interpersonal skills training for improving interpersonal skills. Finally, in line with predictions, job complexity was identified as a moderator of the relationship between interpersonal skills and outcomes. The current document concludes with recommendations both for researchers interested in furthering the science of interpersonal skills research, and for practitioners charged with improving the interpersonal skills of their workforce.
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Date Issued: 2009
Identifier: CFE0002642, ucf:48221
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0002642

Title: A Meta-Analytic Integration of What Matters in Training Transfer.
Creator: Hughes, Ashley, Salas, Eduardo, Jentsch, Florian, Bowers, Clint, Burke, Shawn, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: Estimates demonstrate that 52- 92% of acquired learning is lost within a year following training (Arthur, Bennett, Stanush, (&) McNelly, 1997; Saks, 2002), wasting billions in organizational spending on training each year (Miller, 2012, 2013, 2014). As such, research on training transfer has garnered attention from theoretical and empirical research alike (e.g., Baldwin (&) Ford, 1988; Blume, Ford, Baldwin, (&) Huang, 2010; Ford (&) Weissbein, 1997; Tracey, Tannenbaum, (&) Kavanagh, 1995) to...
Show moreEstimates demonstrate that 52- 92% of acquired learning is lost within a year following training (Arthur, Bennett, Stanush, (&) McNelly, 1997; Saks, 2002), wasting billions in organizational spending on training each year (Miller, 2012, 2013, 2014). As such, research on training transfer has garnered attention from theoretical and empirical research alike (e.g., Baldwin (&) Ford, 1988; Blume, Ford, Baldwin, (&) Huang, 2010; Ford (&) Weissbein, 1997; Tracey, Tannenbaum, (&) Kavanagh, 1995) to better understand the factors which enhance the process of training transfer. Among the various factors that have been identified as important, factors of the work environment have received much attention in the recent research. In fact, empirical work has shed light to the roles of organizational support and motivation to transfer in predicting training transfer. Beyond this basic understanding, research is needed to explore the nature of transfer in different evaluation contexts and the differential effects of various levels of support. Thus, the current dissertation uses meta-analytic techniques to examine the extent to which four factors of work environment support predict training transfer as it differs in context. First, motivation to transfer, organizational support, supervisor support, peer support and opportunities to perform all correlate moderately and positively with training transfer (?=0.15-0.38); interestingly, the nature of the relationships between work environment characteristics, motivation to transfer, and training transfer does not appear to differ significantly even when transfer is evaluated a year following training (?=0.25-0.57), yet are based on low k. Second, motivation to transfer was found to fully mediate two relationships- organizational support and peer support- to training transfer. Interestingly, although not explained by motivation to transfer, supervisor support explains the most variance (i.e., 31% of R) of work environment support factors in explaining transfer. Moderator analyses attempted to explore the impact of transfer task, industry type, and timing of the predictor assessment in relation to training; however, insufficient k was reported for fair comparisons to be made across groups. Ultimately, this study aims to inform theory and impact the state of the science such that practitioners can feel confident that the time and effort spent in ensuring training transfer is well-spent.
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Date Issued: 2016
Identifier: CFE0006116, ucf:51188
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0006116

Title: Stand-Alone Personalized Normative Feedback for College Student Drinkers: A Meta-Analytic Review, 2004 to 2014.
Creator: Dotson, Keri, Dunn, Michael, Cassisi, Jeffrey, Bowers, Clint, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: Personalized normative feedback (PNF) has shown promise as a stand-alone intervention for reducing alcohol use among college students. PNF uses norms clarification to correct drinking norms misperceptions by highlighting discrepancies between personal alcohol use, perceived peer alcohol use, and actual peer alcohol use. Previous reviews of personalized feedback interventions have identified norms clarification as key a component, prompting researchers to study PNF as a single-component...
Show morePersonalized normative feedback (PNF) has shown promise as a stand-alone intervention for reducing alcohol use among college students. PNF uses norms clarification to correct drinking norms misperceptions by highlighting discrepancies between personal alcohol use, perceived peer alcohol use, and actual peer alcohol use. Previous reviews of personalized feedback interventions have identified norms clarification as key a component, prompting researchers to study PNF as a single-component intervention for college drinking. As the number of publications focused on PNF effectiveness has increased in recent years, an empirical review of these studies is warranted to assess the potential impact of PNF as a stand-alone program. The purpose of the present study was to summarize available research and to perform a meta-analytic review of personalized normative feedback as a stand-alone intervention for college student drinking. Studies were included if they examined a stand-alone PNF drinking intervention, used a college student sample, reported alcohol use outcomes, and used a pre-post experimental design with follow-up at least 28 days post-intervention. Eight studies (13 interventions) completed between 2004 and 2014 were included. Effect size estimates (ESs) were calculated as the standardized mean difference in change scores between treatment and control groups. Compared to control participants, students who received PNF reported a greater reduction in drinking and harms from baseline to follow-up. Results were similar for both gender-neutral and gender-specific PNF. Overall, intervention effects for drinking were small but reliable. This study offers an empirical summary of stand-alone PNF for reducing college student drinking and provides a foundation for future research.
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Date Issued: 2015
Identifier: CFE0005606, ucf:50257
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0005606

Title: Outcomes of Perceived Workplace Discrimination: A Meta-Analysis of 35 Years of Research.
Creator: Dhanani, Lindsay, Joseph, Dana, Fritzsche, Barbara, Beus, Jeremy, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: Given the substantial monetary and nonmonetary costs that both employees and organizationscan incur as a result of perceived workplace discrimination, it is important to understand the outcomes of perceived workplace discrimination as well as what moderates the discrimination-outcome relationship. While other meta-analyses of perceived discrimination have been published, the current meta-analysis expands prior meta-analytic databases by 81%, increasingthe stability of the estimated effects....
Show moreGiven the substantial monetary and nonmonetary costs that both employees and organizationscan incur as a result of perceived workplace discrimination, it is important to understand the outcomes of perceived workplace discrimination as well as what moderates the discrimination-outcome relationship. While other meta-analyses of perceived discrimination have been published, the current meta-analysis expands prior meta-analytic databases by 81%, increasingthe stability of the estimated effects. In addition, several prior meta-analyses have not focused exclusively on workplace discrimination. Consequently, the purpose of this meta-analysis is to provide a comprehensive quantitative review of perceived workplace discrimination, its consequences, and potential moderators of these relationships. Results showed that perceived workplace discrimination was related to decreased job satisfaction, reduced organizational commitment, greater withdrawal, and more perceived organizational injustice. Further, perceived workplace discrimination was associated with decreased mental health and physical health, lower ratings of life satisfaction, and increased work stress. Moderator analyses provided some evidence that perceiving the general presence of discrimination in one's organization may bemore detrimental than perceiving oneself to be personally targeted by discrimination at work.Additionally, moderator analyses provided some support that interpersonal discrimination maybe more detrimental than formal discrimination for some outcomes and that there may bedifferences in the perceived workplace discrimination-outcome relationships across different countries. The implications for workplace discrimination research and practice are discussed.
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Date Issued: 2014
Identifier: CFE0005481, ucf:50340
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0005481

Title: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS: TUBERCULOSIS, TNFΑ INHIBITORS, AND CROHN'S DISEASE.
Creator: Cao, Brent L, Naser, Saleh A., University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: Inflammation is often a protective reaction against harmful foreign agents. However, in many disease conditions, the mechanisms behind the inflammatory response are poorly understood. Often times, the inflammation causes adverse effects, such as joint pain, abdominal pain, fever, fatigue, and loss of appetite. Thus, many treatments aim to inhibit the inflammatory response in order to control adverse symptoms. Such treatments include TNFα inhibitors. However, a major risk associated with drugs...
Show moreInflammation is often a protective reaction against harmful foreign agents. However, in many disease conditions, the mechanisms behind the inflammatory response are poorly understood. Often times, the inflammation causes adverse effects, such as joint pain, abdominal pain, fever, fatigue, and loss of appetite. Thus, many treatments aim to inhibit the inflammatory response in order to control adverse symptoms. Such treatments include TNFα inhibitors. However, a major risk associated with drugs inhibiting tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) is serious infection, including tuberculosis (TB). Anti-TNFα therapy is used to treat patients with Crohn's disease, for which the risk of tuberculosis may be even more concerning. Recent literature suggests Crohn's might involve Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP), an intracellular TB-like bacterium. This study seeks to investigate the risk of developing TB in patients with Crohn's disease treated with TNFα inhibitors. A meta-analysis synthesized existing evidence. Evidence came from published randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled trials of TNFα inhibitors for treatment of adult Crohn's disease. Twenty-three trials were identified, including 5,669 patients. The risk of tuberculosis was significantly increased in anti-TNFα treated patients, with a risk difference of 0.028 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.0011-0.055). The odds ratio was 4.85 (95% CI, 1.02-22.99) when all studies were included and 5.85 (95% CI, 1.13-30.38) when studies reporting zero tuberculosis cases were excluded. The risk of tuberculosis is increased in patients with Crohn's disease treated with TNFα inhibitors. The medical community should be alerted about this risk and the potential for TNFα inhibitor usage favoring granulomatous infections and worsening the patient condition.
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Date Issued: 2018
Identifier: CFH2000360, ucf:45909
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFH2000360

Title: EFFICACY AND TOLERABILITY OF ATOMOXETINE USE FOR PATIENTS WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS AND ATTENTION-DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER (ADHD) SYMPTOMS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS.
Creator: El-Said, Angie, Cheng, Zixi, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: Introduction: Patients with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) show more symptoms of ADHD. Since there are more adverse events caused by psychostimulants compared to non-psychostimulants, the use of a non-psychostimulant such as atomoxetine might prove more beneficial for younger patients and/or those with comorbid ADHD. Objective: The aim of this thesis is to determine the efficacy and tolerability of atomoxetine in ASD patients presenting...
Show moreIntroduction: Patients with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) show more symptoms of ADHD. Since there are more adverse events caused by psychostimulants compared to non-psychostimulants, the use of a non-psychostimulant such as atomoxetine might prove more beneficial for younger patients and/or those with comorbid ADHD. Objective: The aim of this thesis is to determine the efficacy and tolerability of atomoxetine in ASD patients presenting with ADHD, by examining (a) differences in ADHD symptoms for participants receiving atomoxetine versus those receiving placebos, and (b) risk differences in adverse events between these participants. Methods: An electronic search of both PubMed.gov and ClinicalTrials.gov were conducted. To be deemed eligible, studies had to (a) be randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials comparing atomoxetine with a placebo, (b) administer atomoxetine for at least 1 week, and (c) include data on either ADHD outcomes or adverse events. Effect sizes for ADHD outcomes were calculated using Cohen's d, whereas risk differences were calculated for adverse events. For each of these two meta-analyses, effect sizes were aggregated across studies using a random effects method. Results: Overall ADHD outcomes were better for participants who received atomoxetine than for participants who received placebo, =0.297. Participants who received atomoxetine also demonstrated better outcomes in terms of attention and hyperactivity-impulsivity symptoms, =0.345 and 0.393, respectively. Though there were more adverse events for patients taking atomoxetine than placebo, the results were not statistically significant. Discussion: This thesis extends the findings of previous meta-analyses of pharmacological treatments for ASD and ADHD, while addressing the concerns raised in the critique of existing meta-analyses presented in this thesis, e.g., limited studies, length of treatment weeks, and dichotomization of data. It provides evidence that atomoxetine improves ADHD symptoms, with an overall frequency of adverse events that did not sufficiently differ from placebo beyond chance.
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Date Issued: 2019
Identifier: CFH2000534, ucf:45644
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFH2000534

Title: Examining the use of Background Music to Facilitate Learning.
Creator: De La Mora Velasco, Efren, Hirumi, Atsusi, Bai, Haiyan, Boote, David, Sung, Stella, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: The present work examines the use of background music (BM) to facilitate learning. This dissertation includes three independent, yet interrelated studies that synthesized scholarship to characterize the methods, and BM characteristics that have been manipulated in primary research, to identify trends, patterns and gaps. Then, it integrates findings of experimental studies that reported influences of music on cognitive performance to inform future research and theory. Lastly, this dissertation...
Show moreThe present work examines the use of background music (BM) to facilitate learning. This dissertation includes three independent, yet interrelated studies that synthesized scholarship to characterize the methods, and BM characteristics that have been manipulated in primary research, to identify trends, patterns and gaps. Then, it integrates findings of experimental studies that reported influences of music on cognitive performance to inform future research and theory. Lastly, this dissertation reports a design-based research study aimed at improving an online learning environment with the use of BM to enhance students' motivation, engagement and knowledge retention.
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Date Issued: 2019
Identifier: CFE0007622, ucf:52536
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0007622

Title: Do programs designed to train working memory, other executive functions, and attention benefit children with ADHD? A meta-analytic review of cognitive, academic, and behavioral outcomes.
Creator: Orban, Sarah, Rapport, Mark, Beidel, Deborah, Cassisi, Jeffrey, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: Children with ADHD are characterized frequently as possessing underdeveloped executive functions and sustained attentional abilities, and recent commercial claims suggest that computer-based cognitive training can remediate these impairments and provide significant and lasting improvement in their attention, impulse control, social functioning, academic performance, and complex reasoning skills. The present review critically evaluates these claims through meta-analysis of 25 studies of...
Show moreChildren with ADHD are characterized frequently as possessing underdeveloped executive functions and sustained attentional abilities, and recent commercial claims suggest that computer-based cognitive training can remediate these impairments and provide significant and lasting improvement in their attention, impulse control, social functioning, academic performance, and complex reasoning skills. The present review critically evaluates these claims through meta-analysis of 25 studies of facilitative intervention training (i.e., cognitive training) for children with ADHD. Random effects models corrected for publication bias and sampling error revealed that studies training short-term memory alone resulted in moderate magnitude improvements in short-term memory (d= 0.63), whereas training attention did not significantly improve attention and training mixed executive functions did not significantly improve the targeted executive functions (both nonsignificant: 95% confidence intervals include 0.0). Far transfer effects of cognitive training on academic functioning, blinded ratings of behavior (both nonsignificant), and cognitive tests (d= 0.14) were nonsignificant or negligible. Unblinded raters (d= 0.48) reported significantly larger benefits relative to blinded raters and objective tests (both p (<) .05), indicating the likelihood of Hawthorne effects. Critical examination of training targets revealed incongruence with empirical evidence regarding the specific executive functions that are (a) most impaired in ADHD, and (b) functionally related to the behavioral and academic outcomes these training programs are intended to ameliorate. Collectively, meta-analytic results indicate that claims regarding the academic, behavioral, and cognitive benefits associated with extant cognitive training programs are unsupported in ADHD. The methodological limitations of the current evidence base, however, leaves open the possibility that cognitive training techniques designed to improve empirically documented executive function deficits may benefit children with ADHD.
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Date Issued: 2013
Identifier: CFE0005040, ucf:49962
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0005040

Title: Three Essays on Asset Pricing in Security and Housing Markets.
Creator: Zheng, Minrong, Chen, Honghui, Turnbull, Geoffrey, Frye, Melissa, Zahirovic-Herbert, Velma, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: In my first essay, I investigate the relationship between IPO long-run underperformance (Ritter, 1991) and the idiosyncratic risk puzzle (Ang, Hodrick, Xing and Zhang, 2006), the phenomenon of abnormally low returns for stocks with high idiosyncratic risk. I show that IPO long-run underperformance is in fact a manifestation of the surprisingly low returns for high idiosyncratic risk stocks. IPO underperformance disappears after I control for the idiosyncratic risk. Specifically, the...
Show moreIn my first essay, I investigate the relationship between IPO long-run underperformance (Ritter, 1991) and the idiosyncratic risk puzzle (Ang, Hodrick, Xing and Zhang, 2006), the phenomenon of abnormally low returns for stocks with high idiosyncratic risk. I show that IPO long-run underperformance is in fact a manifestation of the surprisingly low returns for high idiosyncratic risk stocks. IPO underperformance disappears after I control for the idiosyncratic risk. Specifically, the underperformance of IPO firms only presents following the months in which they are classified into the highest idiosyncratic risk quintile. On the other hand, I find that the idiosyncratic risk puzzle is magnified by the IPO underperformance for two reasons. First, IPOs are over-represented in the highest volatility quintile. Second, while stocks in the highest volatility quintile underperform in general, the intra-quintile underperformance is substantially more severe for the IPO firms. My results are robust to different sample requirements. My second essay examines school quality and quality risk capitalization when school quality is uncertain, taking into account uncertainty induced by low signal content in quality measures available to parents or stochastic quality outcomes. Extending the residential bid rent theory to the uncertainty environment, the theory shows that greater school quality increases housing prices steepens the price gradient, whereas the quality risk decreases the housing prices and flattens the price gradient. The empirical models incorporate two sources of quality risk, the variance in measured school quality and school attendance zone instability. Coupling an output based measure using the over-period average of school normalized math test scores based on the Orange County public elementary school average scores with an input based measure using student/teacher ratios provides quality measures that appear to correlate sufficiently with parents' perceptions of elementary school quality, but school peer effects play important role as well. Estimates reveal capitalization of quality and uncertainty that are consistent with theory as well as systematic patterns across housing market phases and neighborhood in income level. My third essay is a meta-analysis of the body of empirical results for school quality capitalization in house prices. One puzzling aspect of the housing markets literature is that, while public school quality is a major concern of many households, empirical studies of school quality capitalization into house prices yield mixed and sometimes inconsistent results not only across studies, but also within studies when using different school quality measures and models. These differences are reflected in the capitalization coefficient value, level of significance, and even direction of capitalization effects. This paper conducts meta-analysis of the school quality capitalization estimates to identify the factors contributing to this variation. It reveals that the way the school quality is measured matters. Peer effects measures yield less significant capitalization estimates than input and output based measures and value added measures exhibit lower significance than other output based measures. Moreover, both boundary fixed effects and neighborhood fixed effect approaches can effectively and significantly control for the influence of neighborhood amenities. Adding more school quality variables reduces the capitalization significance of individual school quality variables. The most unexpected finding is that school quality capitalization significance is much less in the South than in other regions. Also surprising is that econometric methods do not appear to be driving results.
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Date Issued: 2016
Identifier: CFE0006518, ucf:51358
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0006518

Title: Counterproductive Work Behaviors, Justice, and Affect: A Meta-Analysis.
Creator: Cochran, Megan, Joseph, Dana, Fritzsche, Barbara, Jentsch, Kimberly, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: Counterproductive work behaviors (CWBs) are an expensive phenomenon for organizations, costing billions of dollars collectively each year. Recent research has focused on justice perceptions as predictors of CWBs, but little research has been conducted on the specific types of counterproductive work behaviors (i.e., sabotage, withdrawal, production deviance, abuse, and theft) that result from specific organizational justice perceptions (i.e., distributive, procedural, interpersonal, and...
Show moreCounterproductive work behaviors (CWBs) are an expensive phenomenon for organizations, costing billions of dollars collectively each year. Recent research has focused on justice perceptions as predictors of CWBs, but little research has been conducted on the specific types of counterproductive work behaviors (i.e., sabotage, withdrawal, production deviance, abuse, and theft) that result from specific organizational justice perceptions (i.e., distributive, procedural, interpersonal, and informational) and the mediating effect of state affect. The current paper meta-analyzed the relationships between justice, CWB, and state affect and found that justice was negatively related to dimensions of CWB and state positive/negative affect were negatively/positively related to CWB dimensions, respectively. However, mediation of the relationship between justice and CWB by state affect was inconsistent across justice types and CWB dimensions. These findings suggests that, while managers should maintain an awareness of justice and state affect as individual predictors of CWBs, the current study does not necessarily support the claim that state affect explains the relationship between justice and counterproductive work behavior dimensions.
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Date Issued: 2014
Identifier: CFE0005151, ucf:50689
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0005151

meta-analysis (16)	+ -
Meta-analysis (2)	+ -
attention (2)	+ -
leadership (2)	+ -
systematic review (2)	+ -

training (2)	+ -
ADHD (1)	+ -
Affect (1)	+ -
Asset Pricing (1)	+ -
CWB (1)	+ -
CWB-I (1)	+ -
CWB-O (1)	+ -
Classroom observation (1)	+ -
Crohn's disease (1)	+ -
Emotions (1)	+ -
HIV (1)	+ -
IPO under-performance (1)	+ -
LMX (1)	+ -
MDMA (1)	+ -
MSM (1)	+ -
Performance (1)	+ -
School quality capitalization (1)	+ -
Systematic review (1)	+ -
TNFα inhibitors (1)	+ -
abuse (1)	+ -
adalimumab (1)	+ -
affect (1)	+ -
alcohol (1)	+ -
atomoxetine (1)	+ -
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (1)	+ -

ETD Collection (17)	+ -
Honors Collection (2)	+ -

University of Central Florida (19)	+ -
Joseph, Dana (5)	+ -
Fritzsche, Barbara (4)	+ -
Salas, Eduardo (4)	+ -
Bowers, Clint (3)	+ -

Burke, Shawn (3)	+ -
Bai, Haiyan (2)	+ -
Beidel, Deborah (2)	+ -
Cassisi, Jeffrey (2)	+ -
Dunn, Michael (2)	+ -
Rapport, Mark (2)	+ -
Andrews, Diane (1)	+ -
Barsade, Sigal (1)	+ -
Beus, Jeremy (1)	+ -
Boote, David (1)	+ -
Butler, Malcolm (1)	+ -
Byers, Jacqueline (1)	+ -
Cao, Brent L (1)	+ -
Carter, Nathan (1)	+ -
Chen, Honghui (1)	+ -
Cheng, Zixi (1)	+ -
Cochran, Megan (1)	+ -
De La Mora Velasco, Efren (1)	+ -
Dhanani, Lindsay (1)	+ -
Dotson, Keri (1)	+ -
Dunn, Stacey (1)	+ -
El-Said, Angie (1)	+ -
Frye, Melissa (1)	+ -
Grossman, Rebecca (1)	+ -
Hahs-Vaughn, Debbie (1)	+ -

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