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Title: The Migration of Indians to Eastern Africa: A case study of the Ismaili community, 1866-1966.
Creator: Tejpar, Azizeddin, Pineda, Yovanna, Walker, Ezekiel, French, Scot, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: ABSTRACTMuch of the Ismaili settlement in Eastern Africa, together with several other immigrantcommunities of Indian origin, took place in the late nineteenth century and early twentiethcenturies. This thesis argues that the primary mover of the migration were the edicts, orFarmans, of the Ismaili spiritual leader. They were instrumental in motivating Ismailis to go toEast Africa. Although there were other Indian groups from the general geographical area ofWestern Indian and Gujarat who also...
Show moreABSTRACTMuch of the Ismaili settlement in Eastern Africa, together with several other immigrantcommunities of Indian origin, took place in the late nineteenth century and early twentiethcenturies. This thesis argues that the primary mover of the migration were the edicts, orFarmans, of the Ismaili spiritual leader. They were instrumental in motivating Ismailis to go toEast Africa. Although there were other Indian groups from the general geographical area ofWestern Indian and Gujarat who also migrated to East Africa, the crucial factor in the migrationof Ismailis were the edicts or Farmans of the Imams. My thesis argues that the Farmans or edictsplayed a very important role in persuading Ismailis to move to East Africa. Though other groupsfrom Gujarat and Western India also moved to East Africa, the Ismailis followed the edicts orFarmans of the Imam and this was the major factor for the Ismailis to move. Ismaili history isreplete with migratory movements, whether due to persecution or economic reasons. Thereligious leader of the Ismailis, the Imam or the (")Imam of the Time(") as he is known as by theIsmailis, including all the Aga Khans to date, sought to bring the Ismailis out of their poverty andfamine-stricken land and settle into more favored economic areas under British jurisdiction. Thisthesis will demonstrate that Aga Khan III actively promoted the movement of the Ismailis to EastAfrica. His edicts shaped the migration of Ismailis and they provided uneducated people thereason as well as the motivation to go together with a sense of reassurance.I will use personal oral histories which add to the historiography to make my case forboth Ismailis and the Ithnasheris, the largest Shia Muslim community. Since Ismailis aregenerally a closed community and actively practiced Taqia (secret practice), I will use whateverwritten material I have been able to find to make my case. The Ithnasheris were also Khojas whohad split from the main Khoja Ismaili community in India because of their objection to the ivcontrol being exercised by the Imam, Aga Khan I, who had arrived in Sind Province in 1843from Persia. Though they were part of the Shia sect, the Ismailis who converted to the Ithnasherisect, became Shias but maintained the Khoja name. To support my argument, I draw on oralhistories of both Ismailis and Ithnasheris as there is no written record of any pronouncements bythe leaders of the Ismailis and it is entirely oral history by word of mouth. This thesis addssubstantially to the historiography of the subject matter. Since written accounts are not available,my oral history recollections accomplish this.
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Date Issued: 2019
Identifier: CFE0007540, ucf:52600
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0007540

Title: Life After the Boat: Understanding the Needs of Refugees Living in Second Reception Centers in Sicily.
Creator: Manzano, Russell, Mishtal, Joanna, Harris, Shana, Matejowsky, Ty, Geiger, Vance, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: Migration to Italy has drastically increased, with thousands of refugees traveling by sea to Sicily every month. International refugee policy is largely managed through the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, and although it attempts to regulate refugee assistance, immigration policy within the European Union is complex and continuously fluctuating. Upon arrival in Sicily, authorities send refugees to first reception centers, and then transfer them to second reception centers...
Show moreMigration to Italy has drastically increased, with thousands of refugees traveling by sea to Sicily every month. International refugee policy is largely managed through the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, and although it attempts to regulate refugee assistance, immigration policy within the European Union is complex and continuously fluctuating. Upon arrival in Sicily, authorities send refugees to first reception centers, and then transfer them to second reception centers operated by local nongovernmental organizations (NGOs). The implementation of Italian immigration policy varies among regions; resettlement agencies often transfer refugees among centers where they receive different economic assistance, thus creating further harm to this marginalized population. While there is abundant scholarship regarding refugee resettlement, there is little anthropological research concerning the conditions of second reception centers for refugees in the specific geopolitical region of Siracusa, Sicily. Further, little is known about centers for unaccompanied minors, and due to the increasing number of minors arriving in Italy, additional anthropological research is critical in understanding the conditions of second reception centers for children in Sicily.I conducted ethnographic research in 2015 and 2016 at six refugee centers in Siracusa: three for unaccompanied minors, two for adults, and one for men, women, and children. In this thesis, I explore the perceptions of refugees concerning the treatment and services that they receive at second reception centers after arriving in Italy. I examine how resettlement policies and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) shape refugees' experiences in transitioning within Sicilian society, arguing that certain policies and NGO practices restrict refugees' socioeconomic mobility. Specifically, this project aims to answer the following research questions:•What challenges do refugees face after arriving at reception and resettlement centers in Sicily?•How do current migration policies affect newly arrived refugees and asylum seekers?I argue that current policies, and their implementation, place refugees in circumstances that restrict their socioeconomic mobility, keeping them in impoverished conditions. The effectiveness of humanitarian aid is important to understand, not only within anthropology, but also concerning refugee policy to identify ineffective practices, as well as successful non-governmental practices for assisting refugees. Through ethnographic analysis, this research will deepen the understanding of the effects refugee policy creates in the lives of refugees in Sicily; therefore, contributing to the scholarship of how policy can prevent future harm to refugees after they arrive in Italy.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: CFE0007142, ucf:52308
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0007142

Title: POPULATION CHURN: THE MIGRATION FLOW OF FLORIDA.
Creator: Cashen, Marguerite, Wright, James, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: Recent research has focused attention on the concerns of migration in and out of Florida and within the counties themselves. In 1949, Cape Canaveral was established and the boom was on. The character of the state dramatically transformed after 1965, when plans were announced to convert twenty-seven thousand acres of swampland into Walt Disney World. Since then, Orlando's evolution is divided into two eras: before and after Walt Disney World. Orlando has changed from a quiet town whose...
Show moreRecent research has focused attention on the concerns of migration in and out of Florida and within the counties themselves. In 1949, Cape Canaveral was established and the boom was on. The character of the state dramatically transformed after 1965, when plans were announced to convert twenty-seven thousand acres of swampland into Walt Disney World. Since then, Orlando's evolution is divided into two eras: before and after Walt Disney World. Orlando has changed from a quiet town whose function was to service the surrounding citrus growing regions in a sparsely populated Orange County to a booming metropolis. Has the growth been for the best? While geographical mobility is frequently analyzed in terms of in-migration, out-migration, and net migration, this thesis will examine the population churn, the sum of in- and out-migration divided by population size. The simple descriptive questions in this thesis are, first, how do Orange County and the Orlando metro area "stack up" against other Florida cities, counties, and metro areas such as: Tampa, Jacksonville, and Miami. Secondly, across 67 Florida counties, what county level characteristics predict the rate of churn? The sample will consist of intra-migration and intermigration movers from a dataset drawn from the 2000 U. S. Census, IRS data, and local data by county, such as, F Cat, Index Crime Rate, and Domestic Violence Rate. The U.S. Census data are compiled from the Census of 2000; most estimates come from data collected by the CPS (Current Population Survey), which the U.S. Census conducts. The Internal Revenue Service migration flow data shows migration patterns by county based on changes in the addresses entered on individual tax returns. Correlation analysis is used to show the strength of association between population churn and the other variables.
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Date Issued: 2004
Identifier: CFE0000294, ucf:46214
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0000294

Title: GROWTH AND IMMIGRATION: AN ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF CURRENT EUROPEAN UNION MEMBER STATES FROM 1990 TO 2009.
Creator: Davis, Jacob, Underwood, Nora, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: Economic growth and immigration are important issues to individuals and governments alike. This paper looks at previous research on the topic of how migration affects growth and finds that most research finds that immigrants increase growth in at least the long run. First global or widely applicable research is discussed, then the paper focuses on the European Union as its data availability and uniform open migration policy lend it to a panel regression analysis. Three models are estimated...
Show moreEconomic growth and immigration are important issues to individuals and governments alike. This paper looks at previous research on the topic of how migration affects growth and finds that most research finds that immigrants increase growth in at least the long run. First global or widely applicable research is discussed, then the paper focuses on the European Union as its data availability and uniform open migration policy lend it to a panel regression analysis. Three models are estimated using World Bank World Development Indicators data from 1990 to 2009 for all 28 current EU member states. The models are largely inconclusive, with the only significant result for the relationship between the stock of international immigrants and real GDP per capita growth being negative and coming from Model 1. However, in Model 1 domestic investment was also significant with a negative impact on real GDP per capita. With no clear answer to the question of how immigration affects growth, the clash between the EU governing body which uses open migration policy to promote growth and anti-immigration political parties in EU member states that see immigration as harming native citizens' job prospects seems likely to continue.
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Date Issued: 2014
Identifier: CFH0004634, ucf:45284
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFH0004634

Title: DISCERNING MIGRATION IN THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL RECORD: A CASE STUDY AT CHICHÉN ITZÁ.
Creator: Slusser, Andrea, Chase, Arlen, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: Migration, as a theory to explain aspects in the archaeological record, has fallen out of favor in Mesoamerican archaeology, possibly due to a lack of a standard definition or description of migration. Migration as an explanation of change in Maya civilizations has been around since the 1950's and the culture-history era of American archaeology. Since the early 1990's, migration has been treated as a process, one that can be discerned in pre-literate cultures as well as historical...
Show moreMigration, as a theory to explain aspects in the archaeological record, has fallen out of favor in Mesoamerican archaeology, possibly due to a lack of a standard definition or description of migration. Migration as an explanation of change in Maya civilizations has been around since the 1950's and the culture-history era of American archaeology. Since the early 1990's, migration has been treated as a process, one that can be discerned in pre-literate cultures as well as historical ones. Models of the migration process are being developed and tested. One type of migration, elite dominance migration, is a particularly suitable process to study in Mesoamerica. A model of elite dominance migration might include the following attributes: advance contact by the migrating culture, migration to a center, maintenance of contact with the sending population, spatial concentration of the incoming population, migration of a selected population of elites, and a cause or push factor. To find these attributes, the receiving population is studied to determine if there are multiple changes in the material record consistent with an intrusion of an outside group. And, there should be a rough chronological correlation between the sending and receiving populations. The Maya site of Chichén Itzá is a classic case study, and provides a starting point as a possible receiving population of an elite dominance migration. There is an abundance of scholarship devoted to the question of the relationship between Chichén Itzá and Tula, Hidalgo, in Central Mexico. The iconographic similarities between the two sites are numerous and have been thoroughly discussed in the literature. But, there is much more evidence that should be examined in applying a model of elite dominance, such as architecture, artifacts (including ceramics and obsidian), burial and caching practices, and site configuration. Comparing all of these categories at the two sites, one reaches two conclusions: there are multiple lines of evidence for change in the material record across the spectrum of categories at Chichén Itzá, and, to a lesser extent, at Tula, Hidalgo, indicating a population intrusion. And, secondly, there are abundant similarities in architecture, caching practices, ceramics, and other aspects of the material record that support the assertion of strong contacts between the two sites. Applying the model of elite dominance migration to Chichén Itzá, the majority of the markers for this type of migration can be seen in the material record of the site, as well as the site of Tula, Hidalgo. Chichén Itzá has the attributes of a receiving population, with an elite dominance migration of Central Mexican people taking place there, either from Tula, Hidalgo or from a third, as yet unspecified site that impacted both Chichén Itzá and Tula.
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Date Issued: 2008
Identifier: CFE0002393, ucf:47771
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0002393

Title: My Plate, Your Food: Foodways of International Students in US(&)#191; Colleges and Universities.
Creator: Noyongoyo, Boniface, Mustaine, Elizabeth, Hinojosa, Melanie, Rivera, Fernando, Corra, Mamadi, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: Research shows that the world is now more globalized than ever. In the education sector, students' movements have increased from the global South to the North as they look for a better tomorrow. Hence, international students in the US are from almost all countries around the world. The current study examines the changes in the foodways of international students since their arrival in the US The analysis is based on more than 260 surveys and 17 interviews of international students enrolled in...
Show moreResearch shows that the world is now more globalized than ever. In the education sector, students' movements have increased from the global South to the North as they look for a better tomorrow. Hence, international students in the US are from almost all countries around the world. The current study examines the changes in the foodways of international students since their arrival in the US The analysis is based on more than 260 surveys and 17 interviews of international students enrolled in US colleges and universities. The results from online self-administered surveys showed that international students' eating habit changes are mostly related to their continent of origin, gender, religious affiliation, and religious preference. Interviews conducted with students from different countries confirmed that the aforementioned characteristics are important in explaining these changes in eating habits.
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Date Issued: 2018
Identifier: CFE0007231, ucf:52225
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0007231

Title: The Crypt People from the Cathedral Basilica of Saints Stanislaus and Vladislaus, Vilnius, Lithuania: Reconstruction of Life Histories Using Stable Isotope Analysis.
Creator: Schotten, Kaylee, Dupras, Tosha, Schultz, John, Williams, Lana, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: Stable isotope analyses of multiple tissue types have been used to reconstruct life histories of individuals from past populations. This thesis presents the life history reconstructions of a unique population recovered from a 16th to 18th century cathedral crypt located in Vilnius, Lithuania. The sample consists of 23 individuals (21 males, one possible female, and one juvenile). Stable carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen isotope analyses were performed on bone and dentin collagen, and on bone and...
Show moreStable isotope analyses of multiple tissue types have been used to reconstruct life histories of individuals from past populations. This thesis presents the life history reconstructions of a unique population recovered from a 16th to 18th century cathedral crypt located in Vilnius, Lithuania. The sample consists of 23 individuals (21 males, one possible female, and one juvenile). Stable carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen isotope analyses were performed on bone and dentin collagen, and on bone and enamel hydroxyapatite, resulting in eight isotope values per individual, providing both childhood and adult dietary and migration information. For bone collagen the average ?13C isotope ratio is -19.9‰ +/- 0.4 and for ?15N is 11.8‰ +/- 0.9. The average ?13C isotope ratio for collagen extracted from dentin is -19.5‰ +/- 0.4 and for ?15N is 11.4‰ +/- 0.9. The bone apatite average ?13C ratio is -14.2‰ +/- 0.9, and the average ?13C enamel ratio enamel is -13.5‰ +/- 1.5. These values indicate a diet in both early childhood and adulthood that was heavily reliant on C3 plants; a result supported by previous isotopic studies from Lithuania and surrounding countries. The average ?18OVSMOW bone apatite ratio is 26.1‰ +/- 1.0 and the average enamel ?18OVSMOW ratio is 24.9‰ +/- 1.5. The ?18O isotope values suggest that the majority of these individuals were born elsewhere and migrated to the city of Vilnius sometime after their childhood years. Stable isotope analyses, in combination with macroscopic examination, aids in the understanding of those who were buried in this unique location.
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Date Issued: 2015
Identifier: CFE0006230, ucf:51057
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0006230

Title: Energy-Aware Data Movement In Non-Volatile Memory Hierarchies.
Creator: Khoshavi Najafabadi, Navid, DeMara, Ronald, Yuan, Jiann-Shiun, Song, Zixia, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: While technology scaling enables increased density for memory cells, the intrinsic high leakagepower of conventional CMOS technology and the demand for reduced energy consumption inspiresthe use of emerging technology alternatives such as eDRAM and Non-Volatile Memory (NVM) including STT-MRAM, PCM, and RRAM. The utilization of emerging technology in Last Level Cache (LLC) designs which occupies a signi?cant fraction of total die area in Chip Multi Processors (CMPs) introduces new dimensions...
Show moreWhile technology scaling enables increased density for memory cells, the intrinsic high leakagepower of conventional CMOS technology and the demand for reduced energy consumption inspiresthe use of emerging technology alternatives such as eDRAM and Non-Volatile Memory (NVM) including STT-MRAM, PCM, and RRAM. The utilization of emerging technology in Last Level Cache (LLC) designs which occupies a signi?cant fraction of total die area in Chip Multi Processors (CMPs) introduces new dimensions of vulnerability, energy consumption, and performance delivery. To be speci?c, a part of this research focuses on eDRAM Bit Upset Vulnerability Factor (BUVF) to assess vulnerable portion of the eDRAM refresh cycle where the critical charge varies depending on the write voltage, storage and bit-line capacitance. This dissertation broaden the study on vulnerability assessment of LLC through investigating the impact of Process Variations (PV) on narrow resistive sensing margins in high-density NVM arrays, including on-chip cache and primary memory. Large-latency and power-hungry Sense Ampli?ers (SAs) have been adapted to combat PV in the past. Herein, a novel approach is proposed to leverage the PV in NVM arrays using Self-Organized Sub-bank (SOS) design. SOS engages the preferred SA alternative based on the intrinsic as-built behavior of the resistive sensing timing margin to reduce the latency and power consumption while maintaining acceptable access time.On the other hand, this dissertation investigates a novel technique to prioritize the service to 1)Extensive Read Reused Accessed blocks of the LLC that are silently dropped from higher levelsof cache, and 2) the portion of the working set that may exhibit distant re-reference interval in L2. In particular, we develop a lightweight Multi-level Access History Pro?ler to ef?ciently identifyERRA blocks through aggregating the LLC block addresses tagged with identical Most Signi?cantBits into a single entry. Experimental results indicate that the proposed technique can reduce theL2 read miss ratio by 51.7% on average across PARSEC and SPEC2006 workloads.In addition, this dissertation will broaden and apply advancements in theories of subspace recoveryto pioneer computationally-aware in-situ operand reconstruction via the novel Logic In Intercon-nect (LI2) scheme. LI2 will be developed, validated, and re?ned both theoretically and experimentally to realize a radically different approach to post-Moore's Law computing by leveraginglow-rank matrices features offering data reconstruction instead of fetching data from main memory to reduce energy/latency cost per data movement. We propose LI2 enhancement to attain highperformance delivery in the post-Moore's Law era through equipping the contemporary micro-architecture design with a customized memory controller which orchestrates the memory requestfor fetching low-rank matrices to customized Fine Grain Recon?gurable Accelerator (FGRA) forreconstruction while the other memory requests are serviced as before. The goal of LI2 is to conquer the high latency/energy required to traverse main memory arrays in the case of LLC miss, by using in-situ construction of the requested data dealing with low-rank matrices. Thus, LI2 exchanges a high volume of data transfers with a novel lightweight reconstruction method under speci?c conditions using a cross-layer hardware/algorithm approach.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: CFE0006754, ucf:51859
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0006754

Title: MCP-1 AND APP INVOLVEMENT IN GLIAL DIFFERENTIATION AND MIGRATION OF NEUROPROGENITOR CELLS.
Creator: Vrotsos, Emmanuel, Sugaya, Kiminobu, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: Neuroprogenitor cells are an important resource because of their potential to replace damaged cells in the brain caused by trauma and disease. It is of great importance to better understand which factors influence the differentiation and migration of these cells. Previously it has been reported that neuroprogenitor cells undergoing apoptotic stress have increased levels of Amyloid precursor protein (APP) and increased APP expression results in glial differentiation. APP activity was also...
Show moreNeuroprogenitor cells are an important resource because of their potential to replace damaged cells in the brain caused by trauma and disease. It is of great importance to better understand which factors influence the differentiation and migration of these cells. Previously it has been reported that neuroprogenitor cells undergoing apoptotic stress have increased levels of Amyloid precursor protein (APP) and increased APP expression results in glial differentiation. APP activity was also shown to be required for staurosporine induced glial differentiation of neuroprogenitor cells. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) is a chemokine that is expressed during inflammatory. The binding of MCP-1 to its chemokine receptor induces expression of novel transcription factor MCP-1 induced protein (MCPIP). MCPIP expression subsequently leads to cell death. Previous studies have shown that pro apoptotic factors have the ability to induce neural differentiation. Therefore, we investigated if MCPIP expression leads to differentiation of NT2 neuroprogenitor cells. Results showed that MCPIP expression increased glial fibrillary acid protein expression and also caused distinct morphological changes, both indicative of glial differentiation. Similar results were observed with MCP-1 treatment. Interestingly, APP expression decreased in response to MCPIP. Instead, we found APP activity regulates expression of both MCP-1 and MCPIP. Furthermore, inhibition of either p38 MAPK or JAK signaling pathways significantly reduced APP's effect on MCP-1 and MCPIP. These data demonstrate the role APP has in glial differentiation of NT2 cells through MCP-1/MCPIP signaling. It is possible that increased APP expression after CNS injury could play a ii role in MCP-1 production, possibly promoting astrocyte activation at injured site. We next investigated the effect that MCP-1 has on NT2 cell migration. Studies have shown that when neuroprogenitor cells are transplanted into the brain they migrate towards damaged areas, suggesting that these areas express factors that recruit migrating cells. Generally, after neuronal injury there is a neuroinflammatory response that results in increased chemokine production. We demonstrate that MCP-1 significantly induces the migration of NT2 neuroprogenitor cells. Activation of intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) or protein kinase C with forskolin and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), respectively, was able to completely abolish the MCP-1 induced migration. Contrarily, neither extracellular signal-regulated kinase or p38 mitogen activated protein kinase was required for NT2 cells to respond to MCP-1. Interestingly, APP's ability to activate MCP-1 expression was shown to play a role in NT2 cell migration. We showed that NT2 cells expressing APP were capable of inducing migration of other neuroprogenitor cells. Utilizing a MCP-1 neutralizing antibody we discovered that APP induced migration was not caused solely by increased MCP-1 production. Interestingly, APP increased expression of several C-C chemokines: MCP-1, Regulated upon Activation, Normal T-cell Expressed, and Secreted (RANTES), and macrophage inflammatory protein alpha (MIP-1 alpha). This demonstrates the unique role APP has in regulating chemokine production, which directly affects cell migration. Taken together, this study provides us with a greater understanding of the mechanisms involved in both glial differentiation and migration of NT2 neuroprogenitor cells.
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Date Issued: 2009
Identifier: CFE0002517, ucf:47661
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0002517

Title: USING STABLE ISOTOPES TO ASSESS THE POPULATION STRUCTURE AND FEEDING ECOLOGY OF NORTH PACIFIC HUMPBACK WHALES (MEGAPTERA NOVAEANGLIAE).
Creator: Witteveen, Briana, Worthy, Graham, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: The North Pacific humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) is a wide-ranging baleen whale species with a complex life history and population structure. As seasonal migrants, humpback whales are known to inhabit cooler, high-latitude waters when foraging and low-latitudes for mating and calving. Beyond this general migratory pattern, a number of demographic characteristics including, abundance, distribution, seasonal occurrence, and prey preferences remain unknown or poorly described. A...
Show moreThe North Pacific humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) is a wide-ranging baleen whale species with a complex life history and population structure. As seasonal migrants, humpback whales are known to inhabit cooler, high-latitude waters when foraging and low-latitudes for mating and calving. Beyond this general migratory pattern, a number of demographic characteristics including, abundance, distribution, seasonal occurrence, and prey preferences remain unknown or poorly described. A complete understanding of humpback whale ecology is therefore lacking. Many methods used to explore these aspects of cetacean ecology are either prohibitively expensive or limited in the scope of what can be learned from their use. Fortunately, in recent years, the analysis of stable isotope ratios of animal tissues has proved a valuable and relatively inexpensive technique for providing information on trophic position, diet, and feeding origins of migratory populations. This study employed techniques in stable isotope ecology to increase knowledge of the population structure, migration routes, and foraging ecology of North Pacific humpback whales. Skin samples were collected from free-ranging humpback whales throughout all known feeding and breeding grounds and were analyzed for stable carbon (13C) and nitrogen (15N) isotope ratios. The population structure of humpback whales was first explored through geographic differences in stable isotope ratios. Stable isotope ratios varied significantly with location of sample collection. Based on this analysis, foraging animals were separated into six feeding groups. Classification tree analysis was then used to determine which isotopic variables could be used to predict group membership. Probable migratory linkages were then described by applying results of classification trees to 13C and 15N of animals sampled on breeding grounds. Strong migratory connections between the eastern-most foraging and breeding areas and the western-most areas were reflected in similarities of stable isotope ratios. Foraging ecology was then examined through calculation and comparison of the relative trophic levels of the six feeding groups. Isotopic values suggest some feeding groups are piscivorous, while others feed on a more mixed diet. These results can be used to determine if differences in diet composition between groups result in differences in accrued nutritional benefits, negatively impacting reproductive success and survival relative to fish eating groups. Finally, to gain insight into specific foraging habits, the diet of one group of humpback whales was modeled using an isotope mixing model. The 13C and 15N of Kodiak Island, Alaska humpback whales and several species of potential prey indicate that these animals likely rely heavily on euphausiids (Thysanoessa spinifera), Pacific sandlance (Ammodytes hexapterus), and capelin (Mallotus villosus). This study represents the first application of stable isotope ecology to an entire population of marine mammals. Stable isotope analysis was successfully applied to describe and improve understanding of the demographics of North Pacific humpback whales.
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Date Issued: 2008
Identifier: CFE0002386, ucf:47774
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0002386

Title: International Worker Cultural Adaptation: A Qualitative Study.
Creator: Romero Valenzuela, Luis, Wang, Youcheng, Dickson, Duncan, Choi, Youngsoo, Rompf, Paul, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: International workers are a vulnerable population within the hospitality industry. Their challenges, and needs have an impact on productivity, loyalty and satisfaction of international workers towards the organizations that employ them. The social and cultural impacts of labor migration are felt in their new environment by both domestic and immigrant populations. It is important to understand international workers' acculturation process in order to provide them with tools necessary to succeed...
Show moreInternational workers are a vulnerable population within the hospitality industry. Their challenges, and needs have an impact on productivity, loyalty and satisfaction of international workers towards the organizations that employ them. The social and cultural impacts of labor migration are felt in their new environment by both domestic and immigrant populations. It is important to understand international workers' acculturation process in order to provide them with tools necessary to succeed; it is also important to create responsible practices that translate into positive migration outcomes for both domestic and foreign populations. This study collected data on the motivations, processes, challenges, and alternatives experienced by international workers when relocating to the United States. It documents the cultural adaptation process followed by international workers laboring in the hospitality industry, and based on the data collected from interviewers' responses, it creates new constructs intended to assist hospitality organizations in their operations. By providing tools to support international workers in the acculturation process, and by providing new understandings of the cultural adaptation process undertaken by international workers when relocating, it is plausible to convert a challenge and limitation into an opportunity for hospitality organizations to create value out of their international human capital.
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Date Issued: 2012
Identifier: CFE0004432, ucf:49350
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0004432

Title: Forming a Puerto Rican Identity in Orlando: The Puerto Rican Migration to Central Florida, 1960 - 2000.
Creator: Firpo, Julio, Martinez Fernandez, Luis, Gordon, Fon, Walker, Ezekiel, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: The Orlando Metropolitan Statistical Area became the fastest growing Puerto Rican population since 1980. While the literature has grown regarding Orlando's Puerto Rican community, no works deeply analyze the push and pull factors that led to the mass migration of Puerto Ricans to Central Florida. In fact, it was the combination of deteriorating economies in both Puerto Rico and New York City (the two largest concentrations of Puerto Ricans in the United States) and the rise of employment...
Show moreThe Orlando Metropolitan Statistical Area became the fastest growing Puerto Rican population since 1980. While the literature has grown regarding Orlando's Puerto Rican community, no works deeply analyze the push and pull factors that led to the mass migration of Puerto Ricans to Central Florida. In fact, it was the combination of deteriorating economies in both Puerto Rico and New York City (the two largest concentrations of Puerto Ricans in the United States) and the rise of employment opportunities and cheap cost of living in Central Florida that attract Puerto Ricans from the island the diaspora to the region. Furthermore, Puerto Ricans who migrated to the region established a support network that further facilitated future migration and created a Puerto Rican community in the region.This study uses the combination of primary sources including government document (e.g. U.S. Censuses, Orange County land deeds, etc.), local and nation newspapers, and oral histories from Puerto Ricans living in Central Florida since the early 1980s to explain the process in which Puerto Ricans formed their identity in Orlando since 1980. The result is a history of the Puerto Rican migration to Central Florida and the roots of Orlando's Puerto Rican community.
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Date Issued: 2012
Identifier: CFE0004336, ucf:49453
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0004336

Title: STABLE ISOTOPE EVIDENCE FOR THE GEOGRAPHIC ORIGINS AND MILITARY MOVEMENT OF NAPOLEONIC SOLIDERS DURING THE MARCH FROM MOSCOW IN 1812.
Creator: Pelier, Serenela, Dupras , Tosha, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: In 2001, 3269 unidentified individuals were found in a mass grave on the Northern part of Vilnius, Lithuania. Artifactual context indicates that these individuals were likely soldiers that were a part of Napoleon's Grand Army. Stable oxygen isotope analysis was performed on bone apatite from 9 femoral bone samples to determine whether or not these individuals were Lithuanian locals and to test ratio variation. If individuals were foreigners, then geographical origins were approximated...
Show moreIn 2001, 3269 unidentified individuals were found in a mass grave on the Northern part of Vilnius, Lithuania. Artifactual context indicates that these individuals were likely soldiers that were a part of Napoleon's Grand Army. Stable oxygen isotope analysis was performed on bone apatite from 9 femoral bone samples to determine whether or not these individuals were Lithuanian locals and to test ratio variation. If individuals were foreigners, then geographical origins were approximated utilizing percentages of C4 plants from Holder (2013) and [delta]18O values that were extracted from bone apatite. The carbonate oxygen isotope compositions ([delta]18Ocarbonate) of bone apatite from the femoral samples (-4.4â€° to -6.2â€°) indicate that these individuals were from central and western Europe (-4.0â€° to -6.9â€°). It is significant that none of the individuals have values consistent with the area around Lithuania (-10.0â€° to -11.9â€°), because it means that they all were non-local. It is also indicative that the Lithuanians were not burying their citizens in the grave and therefore strongly support that these individuals were Napoleonic soldiers. Additionally, although C4 percentages in the diet ranged from 17.8% to 31.7%, which overlaps with eastern European consumption patterns (approximately 15% to 25% of C4 plants) (Reitsema et al., 2010), the slight shift towards a higher C4 percentage is more representative of a central and western European diet. These results are significant because they provide stable isotopic evidence that these individuals were Napoleon's soldiers whom participated in the Russian campaign of 1812.
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Date Issued: 2015
Identifier: CFH0004822, ucf:45454
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFH0004822

Title: NUMERICAL STUDY OF ENCAPSULATED PHASE CHANGE MATERIAL (EPCM) SLURRY FLOW IN MICROCHANNELS.
Creator: Kuravi, Sarada, Chow, Louis, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: Heat transfer and flow characteristics of phase change material slurry flow in microchannels with constant heat flux at the base were investigated. The phase change process was included in the energy equation using the effective specific heat method. A parametric study was conducted numerically by varying the base fluid type, particle concentration, particle size, channel dimensions, inlet temperature, base heat flux and melting range of PCM. The particle distribution inside the microchannels...
Show moreHeat transfer and flow characteristics of phase change material slurry flow in microchannels with constant heat flux at the base were investigated. The phase change process was included in the energy equation using the effective specific heat method. A parametric study was conducted numerically by varying the base fluid type, particle concentration, particle size, channel dimensions, inlet temperature, base heat flux and melting range of PCM. The particle distribution inside the microchannels was simulated using the diffusive flux model and its effect on the overall thermal performance of microchannels was investigated. Experimental investigation was conducted in microchannels of 101 µm width and 533 µm height with water as base fluid and n-Octadecane as PCM to validate the key conclusions of the numerical model. Since the flow is not fully developed in case of microchannels (specifically manifold microchannels, which are the key focus of the present study), thermal performance is not as obtained in conventional channels where the length of the channel is large (compared to length of microchannels). It was found that the thermal conductivity of the base fluid plays an important role in determining the thermal performance of slurry. The effect of particle distribution can be neglected in the numerical model under some cases. The performance of slurry depends on the heat flux, purity of PCM, inlet temperature of the fluid, and base fluid thermal conductivity. Hence, there is an application dependent optimum condition of these parameters that is required to obtain the maximum thermal performance of PCM slurry flows in microchannels.
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Date Issued: 2009
Identifier: CFE0002835, ucf:48080
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0002835

Title: Characterization of neural cells derived from reelin-deficient schizophrenic patient iPS cells.
Creator: Roberts, Nicole, Sugaya, Kiminobu, Ebert, Steven, Masternak, Michal, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: Reelin is a large, extracellular glycoprotein that binds to several membrane receptors on neural stem cells (HNSCs), neural progenitor cells (NPCs), and neuroblasts of mammals to direct their migration. Previously, our lab established the presence of Reelin increased migration of wild-type fetal-derived HNSC's, both in vitro and in vivo. In addition, we demonstrated that Reelin protein treatment also increases the formation of radial glia via Notch-1 signaling, in vitro. Radial glia are...
Show moreReelin is a large, extracellular glycoprotein that binds to several membrane receptors on neural stem cells (HNSCs), neural progenitor cells (NPCs), and neuroblasts of mammals to direct their migration. Previously, our lab established the presence of Reelin increased migration of wild-type fetal-derived HNSC's, both in vitro and in vivo. In addition, we demonstrated that Reelin protein treatment also increases the formation of radial glia via Notch-1 signaling, in vitro. Radial glia are precursors to NPCs, as well as a scaffold for neuroblast migration during cortical lamination. Reelin has long been associated with Schizophrenia (SZ). Because post-mortem brains are limited to describing the end-point of the disease, heterozygous haplodeficient Reelin knock-out (Reeler) mice are used to model developmental aspects of SZ in vivo. However, SZ is a complex, polyfactoral disease with a myriad of dysfunctional pathways that may have unforeseen effects on Reelin signaling. K. Brennand et al. (2014) reported low Reelin mRNA expression and cellular characteristics mirroring the Reeler mouse in induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell-derived NPCs and neurons from living SZ patients. Building upon this and our work with stem cells, here we consider Reelin's effects on migration of Reelin-deficient iPS cell-derived NPCs. Reelin treatment of consists of secreted Reelin from transfected human embryonic kidney 293 cells (HEK 293) with the pCRL RELN gene-containing plasmid created by G. D'Arcangelo (1997) and given to us by T. Curran. Using the metric of cellular migration, this is the first time it have been shown that SZ iNPCs are capable of receiving and reacting to extracellular Reelin. Due to our validation of this model, further work using iPS cell-derived neural cells can confidently be used for future disease modeling and drug discovery of Reelin-deficient SZ.
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Date Issued: 2018
Identifier: CFE0007361, ucf:52091
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0007361

Title: Business in the Estuary, Party in the Sea: Migration Patterns of Striped Mullet (Mugil cephalus) Within the Indian River Lagoon Complex.
Creator: Myers, Olivia, Cook, Geoffrey, Mansfield, Kate, Reyier, Eric, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: Commercial and recreational environmental enterprises in the Indian River Lagoon (IRL), Florida supply nearly 10,000 jobs and produce $1.6 billion dollars a year in revenue. These waters contain iconic species of sportfish, including red drum, snook, and sea trout, as well as their lower trophic level prey such as snapper and mullet. Striped mullet (Mugil cephalus) are both commercially valuable as well as an indicator species for overall ecosystem health. From September to December, mullet...
Show moreCommercial and recreational environmental enterprises in the Indian River Lagoon (IRL), Florida supply nearly 10,000 jobs and produce $1.6 billion dollars a year in revenue. These waters contain iconic species of sportfish, including red drum, snook, and sea trout, as well as their lower trophic level prey such as snapper and mullet. Striped mullet (Mugil cephalus) are both commercially valuable as well as an indicator species for overall ecosystem health. From September to December, mullet in the IRL undergo an annual migration from their inshore foraging habitats to oceanic spawning sites. However, their actual migratory pathways remain unknown. To address this knowledge gap, I utilized passive acoustic telemetry to assess the migration patterns of M. cephalus within the IRL complex, particularly focusing on movement pathways from inshore aggregation sites to oceanic inlets to spawn. Coupling environmental metrics with movement data, I evaluated catalysts for migration as well as travel routes through the estuary. Network analyses identified potential conservation areas of interest and sites needing management intervention. Impoundments around the Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge appear to serve as an important refuge area for striped mullet while the Banana and Indian Rivers act as corridors during their inshore migratory movements. The environmental metrics of depth, temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, barometric pressure, and photoperiod were the best predictors for the number of detections and residency time produced by two case studies of striped mullet activity. An emphasis on spatial fisheries management along with vigilant environmental monitoring will ensure the status of this species, to the benefit of both natural and human systems in the Indian River Lagoon. The knowledge generated as a result of this project may also provide a framework for sustainably managing other migratory baitfish.
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Date Issued: 2019
Identifier: CFE0007895, ucf:52768
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0007895

Title: Game-Theoretic Frameworks and Strategies for Defense Against Network Jamming and Collocation Attacks.
Creator: Hemida, Ahmed, Atia, George, Simaan, Marwan, Vosoughi, Azadeh, Sukthankar, Gita, Guirguis, Mina, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: Modern networks are becoming increasingly more complex, heterogeneous, and densely connected. While more diverse services are enabled to an ever-increasing number of users through ubiquitous networking and pervasive computing, several important challenges have emerged. For example, densely connected networks are prone to higher levels of interference, which makes them more vulnerable to jamming attacks. Also, the utilization of software-based protocols to perform routing, load balancing and...
Show moreModern networks are becoming increasingly more complex, heterogeneous, and densely connected. While more diverse services are enabled to an ever-increasing number of users through ubiquitous networking and pervasive computing, several important challenges have emerged. For example, densely connected networks are prone to higher levels of interference, which makes them more vulnerable to jamming attacks. Also, the utilization of software-based protocols to perform routing, load balancing and power management functions in Software-Defined Networks gives rise to more vulnerabilities that could be exploited by malicious users and adversaries. Moreover, the increased reliance on cloud computing services due to a growing demand for communication and computation resources poses formidable security challenges due to the shared nature and virtualization of cloud computing. In this thesis, we study two types of attacks: jamming attacks on wireless networks and side-channel attacks on cloud computing servers. The former attacks disrupt the natural network operation by exploiting the static topology and dynamic channel assignment in wireless networks, while the latter attacks seek to gain access to unauthorized data by co-residing with target virtual machines (VMs) on the same physical node in a cloud server. In both attacks, the adversary faces a static attack surface and achieves her illegitimate goal by exploiting a stationary aspect of the network functionality. Hence, this dissertation proposes and develops counter approaches to both attacks using moving target defense strategies. We study the strategic interactions between the adversary and the network administrator within a game-theoretic framework.First, in the context of jamming attacks, we present and analyze a game-theoretic formulation between the adversary and the network defender. In this problem, the attack surface is the network connectivity (the static topology) as the adversary jams a subset of nodes to increase the level of interference in the network. On the other side, the defender makes judicious adjustments of the transmission footprint of the various nodes, thereby continuously adapting the underlying network topology to reduce the impact of the attack. The defender's strategy is based on playing Nash equilibrium strategies securing a worst-case network utility. Moreover, scalable decomposition-based approaches are developed yielding a scalable defense strategy whose performance closely approaches that of the non-decomposed game for large-scale and dense networks. We study a class of games considering discrete as well as continuous power levels.In the second problem, we consider multi-tenant clouds, where a number of VMs are typically collocated on the same physical machine to optimize performance and power consumption and maximize profit. This increases the risk of a malicious virtual machine performing side-channel attacks and leaking sensitive information from neighboring VMs. The attack surface, in this case, is the static residency of VMs on a set of physical nodes, hence we develop a timed migration defense approach. Specifically, we analyze a timing game in which the cloud provider decides when to migrate a VM to a different physical machine to mitigate the risk of being compromised by a collocated malicious VM. The adversary decides the rate at which she launches new VMs to collocate with the victim VMs. Our formulation captures a data leakage model in which the cost incurred by the cloud provider depends on the duration of collocation with malicious VMs. It also captures costs incurred by the adversary in launching new VMs and by the defender in migrating VMs. We establish sufficient conditions for the existence of Nash equilibria for general cost functions, as well as for specific instantiations, and characterize the best response for both players. Furthermore, we extend our model to characterize its impact on the attacker's payoff when the cloud utilizes intrusion detection systems that detect side-channel attacks. Our theoretical findings are corroborated with extensive numerical results in various settings as well as a proof-of-concept implementation in a realistic cloud setting.
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Date Issued: 2019
Identifier: CFE0007468, ucf:52677
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0007468

Title: HUMAN TRAFFICKING FOR LABOR PURPOSES: AN ANALYSIS OF IMMIGRATION POLICY AND ECONOMIC FORCES WITHIN THE UNITED STATES.
Creator: Owen, Candace, Morales, Waltraud, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: Human trafficking is an international crisis which has emerged as a human rights issue of the highest priority for many nations. This is not a new occurrence, although the onset of globalization has provoked increased intensity in this international crime. Recent studies, including the U.S. State Department's 2009 Trafficking in Persons Report have predicted that the recent global economic crisis will inflate these numbers to an even larger number of victims. This thesis will investigate...
Show moreHuman trafficking is an international crisis which has emerged as a human rights issue of the highest priority for many nations. This is not a new occurrence, although the onset of globalization has provoked increased intensity in this international crime. Recent studies, including the U.S. State Department's 2009 Trafficking in Persons Report have predicted that the recent global economic crisis will inflate these numbers to an even larger number of victims. This thesis will investigate these phenomena ultimately asking: Do immigration policies and economic conditions contribute to the recent proliferation in cases of human trafficking for labor purposes? Moreover with the recent global economic crisis, has consumer demand affected an increase in cheap migrant labor furthering vulnerabilities that create prime situations for human trafficking and forced labor? This thesis will investigate these questions by focusing on the geographic parameters of the United States and Mexico due to their physical proximity and the history of immigration between these neighboring countries.
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Date Issued: 2011
Identifier: CFE0003908, ucf:48735
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0003908

Title: Implementation Strategies for Real-time Traffic Safety Improvements on Urban Freeways.
Creator: Dilmore, Jeremy, Abdel-Aty, Mohamed, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: This research evaluates Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) implementation strategies to improve the safety of a freeway once a potential of a crash is detected. Among these strategies are Variable Speed Limit (VSL) and ramp metering. VSL are ITS devices that are commonly used to calm traffic in an attempt to relieve congestion and enhance throughput. With proper use, VSL can be more cost effective than adding more lanes. In addition to maximizing the capacity of a roadway, a different...
Show moreThis research evaluates Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) implementation strategies to improve the safety of a freeway once a potential of a crash is detected. Among these strategies are Variable Speed Limit (VSL) and ramp metering. VSL are ITS devices that are commonly used to calm traffic in an attempt to relieve congestion and enhance throughput. With proper use, VSL can be more cost effective than adding more lanes. In addition to maximizing the capacity of a roadway, a different aspect of VSL can be realized by the potential of improving traffic safety. Through the use of multiple microscopic traffic simulations, best practices can be determined, and a final recommendation can be made. Ramp metering is a method to control the amount of traffic flow entering from on-ramps to achieve a better efficiency of the freeway. It can also have a potential benefit in improving the safety of the freeway. This thesis pursues the goal of a best-case implementation of VSL. Two loading scenarios, a fully loaded case (90% of ramp maximums) and an off-peak loading case (60% of ramp maximums), at multiple stations with multiple implementation methods are strategically attempted until a best-case implementation is found. The final recommendation for the off-peak loading is a 15 mph speed reduction for 2 miles upstream and a 15 mph increase in speed for the 2 miles downstream of the detector that shows a high crash potential. The speed change is to be implemented in 5 mph increments every 10 minutes. The recommended case is found to reduce relative crash potential from .065 to -.292, as measured by a high-speed crash prediction algorithm (Abdel-Aty et al. 2005). A possibility of crash migration to downstream and upstream locations was observed, however, the safety and efficiency benefits far outweigh the crash migration potential. No final recommendation is made for the use of VSL in the fully loaded case (low-speed case); however, ramp metering indicated a promising potential for safety improvement.
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Date Issued: 2005
Identifier: CFE0000339, ucf:46287
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0000339

Title: MIGRANT WORKERS IN SOUTH-EAST ASIA:ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL INEQUALITY IN INDONESIA, MALAYSIA, AND SINGAPORE.
Creator: Hajek, Patricia, Morales, Waltraud, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: This thesis explores migrant labor in South-East Asia by addressing the topic of migration, specifically its causes and consequences. Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore are countries that experienced rapid industrialization from the mid-1960s throughout the 1990s. Simultaneously, the migration of people within the region increased. A key focus is how regional development has contributed to migration flows and to the position of migrants in these countries. Using a migration systems framework...
Show moreThis thesis explores migrant labor in South-East Asia by addressing the topic of migration, specifically its causes and consequences. Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore are countries that experienced rapid industrialization from the mid-1960s throughout the 1990s. Simultaneously, the migration of people within the region increased. A key focus is how regional development has contributed to migration flows and to the position of migrants in these countries. Using a migration systems framework from Castles' and Miller's The Age of Migration (2003) that draws on theoretical elements from economics, historical-structuralism and transnationalism, this thesis finds that several factors explain the causes of migration in Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore and the lasting implications migration had in their respective societies. Both macro- and micro-structures influenced industrialization and a migratory labor market. The historical, political, and economic linkages shared among the countries, alongside regional integration and attractive government-led industrialization strategies contributed to large-scale flows of migrant workers within the region. These same factors made migration and settlement increasingly difficult. Consequently, human rights violations of migrants in these countries became more pronounced. Singapore's dominance of Indonesia and Malaysia in the semi-periphery of South-East Asia conditioned the environment that migrants faced in their host societies. Migrant workers from Indonesia and Malaysia enjoyed better treatment in Singapore, because of its targeted labor, immigration, and social policies. In all three countries, settlement patterns of migrant workers were virtually similar to government commitments to prevent assimilation.
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Date Issued: 2008
Identifier: CFE0002152, ucf:47929
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0002152

migration (11)	+ -
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neurons (2)	+ -
population churn (2)	+ -
stable isotopes (2)	+ -
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