Current Search: physiology (x)
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Pages
- Title
- The biological effects of atomic radiation: Summary reports from a study.
- Creator
-
National Academy of Sciences (U.S.)
- Date Issued
- 1960
- Identifier
- 886197, CFDT886197, ucf:5608
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/FCLA/DT/886197
- Title
- Effects of radiation and fallout.
- Creator
-
Crow, James F
- Date Issued
- c1957
- Identifier
- 360088, CFDT360088, ucf:5246
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/FCLA/DT/360088
- Title
- A correlation study on the chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases.
- Creator
-
Capraun, Lynn Walter, Washington, David W., Natural Sciences
- Abstract / Description
-
Florida Technological University College of Natural Sciences Thesis; Data were extracted from medical records of 202 former patients of a well established central Florida general hospital. Records were selected so as to include an equal number of disease catagories dispersed equally over the two years. One hundred records were dated 1973 and 102 were dated 1976. Emphysema, chronic bronchitis, and asthma had been diagnosed in 67, 67, and 68 of the cases respectively. The age, sex, race,...
Show moreFlorida Technological University College of Natural Sciences Thesis; Data were extracted from medical records of 202 former patients of a well established central Florida general hospital. Records were selected so as to include an equal number of disease catagories dispersed equally over the two years. One hundred records were dated 1973 and 102 were dated 1976. Emphysema, chronic bronchitis, and asthma had been diagnosed in 67, 67, and 68 of the cases respectively. The age, sex, race, smoking habits, and occupations of the patients were recorded and crosstabulated with the diagnostic tests and subsequent treatment ordered by the various physicians. Most of the emphysematous patients were males over 50, the asthmatics were females under 30, and the bronchitics were older than 50 with an even sex distribution. Most of the emphysematous and bronchitic patients had smoked over 25 years, while only 13% of the asthmatics smoked. A majority of the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients complained of shortness of breath, were hospitalized ten days or less, treated four times a day with intermittent positive pressure breathing had little or no pulmonary rehabilitation, and survived. Respiratory care appeared to improve over the three-year period as judged by an increase in the frequency of blood gas monitoring and a reduction in the required ventilator times with improved techniques.
Show less - Date Issued
- 1978
- Identifier
- CFR0003461, ucf:53025
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFR0003461
- Title
- If a Virtual Tree Falls in a Simulated Forest, is the Sound Restorative? An Examination of the Role of Level of Immersion in the Restorative Capacity of Virtual Nature Environments.
- Creator
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Michaelis, Jessica, Smither, Janan, Mcconnell, Daniel, Beidel, Deborah, Harris, Paul, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
-
Stress and cognitive fatigue have become a pervasive problem, especially in Western society. Stress and cognitive fatigue can have deleterious effects not only on performance, but also on one's physical and mental health. This dissertation presents a study in which the aim is to investigate the effects of virtual nature on stress reduction and cognitive restoration. Specifically, this study assessed the effects of Immersion (Non-immersive, Semi-immersive, Fully-immersive) and Exploration ...
Show moreStress and cognitive fatigue have become a pervasive problem, especially in Western society. Stress and cognitive fatigue can have deleterious effects not only on performance, but also on one's physical and mental health. This dissertation presents a study in which the aim is to investigate the effects of virtual nature on stress reduction and cognitive restoration. Specifically, this study assessed the effects of Immersion (Non-immersive, Semi-immersive, Fully-immersive) and Exploration (Passive vs Active) on stress reduction and cognitive restoration. Additionally, restoration from the most effective virtual nature environment was compared to that of taking an active coloring break. Eighty-three university students with normal color vision, depth perception and good visual acuity participated in this study. The overall findings of the study suggest that virtual nature is able to reduce stress and anxiety, generally the more immersive and interactive the better. Moreover, though both the those in the passive VR nature condition and those in the coloring condition reported a reduction in stress, only those in the passive VR nature condition exhibited the physiological changes indicative of stress reduction.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2019
- Identifier
- CFE0007687, ucf:52516
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0007687
- Title
- NONINVASIVE PHYSIOLOGICAL MEASURES AND WORKLOAD TRANSITIONS:AN INVESTIGATION OF THRESHOLDS USING MULTIPLE SYNCHRONIZED SENSORS.
- Creator
-
Sciarini, Lee, Nicholson, Denise, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
-
The purpose of this study is to determine under what conditions multiple minimally intrusive physiological sensors can be used together and validly applied for use in areas which rely on adaptive systems including adaptive automation and augmented cognition. Specifically, this dissertation investigated the physiological transitions of operator state caused by changes in the level of taskload. Three questions were evaluated including (1) Do differences exist between physiological indicators...
Show moreThe purpose of this study is to determine under what conditions multiple minimally intrusive physiological sensors can be used together and validly applied for use in areas which rely on adaptive systems including adaptive automation and augmented cognition. Specifically, this dissertation investigated the physiological transitions of operator state caused by changes in the level of taskload. Three questions were evaluated including (1) Do differences exist between physiological indicators when examined between levels of difficulty? (2) Are differences of physiological indicators (which may exist) between difficulty levels affected by spatial ability? (3) Which physiological indicators (if any) account for variation in performance on a spatial task with varying difficulty levels? The Modular Cognitive State Gauge model was presented and used to determine which basic physiological sensors (EEG, ECG, EDR and eye-tracking) could validly assess changes in the utilization of two-dimensional spatial resources required to perform a spatial ability dependent task. Thirty-six volunteers (20 female, 16 male) wore minimally invasive physiological sensing devices while executing a challenging computer based puzzle task. Specifically, participants were tested with two measures of spatial ability, received training, a practice session, an experimental trial and completed a subjective workload survey. The results of this experiment confirmed that participants with low spatial ability reported higher subjective workload and performed poorer when compared to those with high spatial ability. Additionally, there were significant changes for a majority of the physiological indicators between two difficulty levels and most importantly three measures (EEG, ECG and eye-tracking) were shown to account for variability in performance on the spatial task.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2009
- Identifier
- CFE0002781, ucf:48108
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0002781
- Title
- Effects of high speed dental drill noise on heart rate in normal hearing adult males.
- Creator
-
Bunn, Thomas T., ,, Social Sciences
- Abstract / Description
-
Florida Technological University College of Social Sciences Thesis
- Date Issued
- 1975
- Identifier
- CFR0008132, ucf:52961
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFR0008132
- Title
- HOW DISGUST, PHYSIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY AND MORAL FOUNDATIONS MAY PREDICT POLITICAL ATTITUDES AND RELIGIOUS BELIEFS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW.
- Creator
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Mannion, Kayla M, Modianos, Doan, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
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The goal of this research synthesis is to obtain evidence about a new and upcoming idea of how political ideology and religious beliefs may be predicted by disgust, moral codes and physiological activity. Previously, it was believed by some that politics and religion were a product of an individual's environment and influences of an individual's family and friend's beliefs. Current research is trying to explain how much a person's biology influences their beliefs. This thesis will aim to...
Show moreThe goal of this research synthesis is to obtain evidence about a new and upcoming idea of how political ideology and religious beliefs may be predicted by disgust, moral codes and physiological activity. Previously, it was believed by some that politics and religion were a product of an individual's environment and influences of an individual's family and friend's beliefs. Current research is trying to explain how much a person's biology influences their beliefs. This thesis will aim to explain how it is possible to obtain these types of data and why this research is important.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2017
- Identifier
- CFH2000184, ucf:45970
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFH2000184
- Title
- THE EFFECTS OF RESISTANCE TRAINING FREQUENCY ON MUSCLE HYPERTOHY AND STRENGTH IN HEALTHY TRAINED INDIVIDUALS: LITERATURE REVIEW.
- Creator
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Boivin, Alexander C., Valdes, Anna, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
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The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of increased resistance training frequency on strength and hypertrophy in trained individuals. Six Studies were deemed eligible based on the inclusion exclusion criteria. The inclusion criteria for this review were healthy trained individuals. "Trained" refers to over one year of resistance training experience. Exclusion Criteria were study's that examined either untrained or obese individuals as participants. The evidence indicates a dose...
Show moreThe purpose of this study is to determine the effects of increased resistance training frequency on strength and hypertrophy in trained individuals. Six Studies were deemed eligible based on the inclusion exclusion criteria. The inclusion criteria for this review were healthy trained individuals. "Trained" refers to over one year of resistance training experience. Exclusion Criteria were study's that examined either untrained or obese individuals as participants. The evidence indicates a dose-response trend in frequency. Resistance training each muscle group twice a week may be superior compared to once per week. Further more, resistance training each muscle group three times a week may enhance hypertrophy and strength adaptations even more compared to either once or twice a week. Recovery of the muscle may be reached in approximately 72 hours or 3 days. Mechanisms that may correlate to this phenomenon could be related to the more frequent elevations in muscle protein synthesis and physiological anabolic hormones. These results may help develop more specific guidelines in programming for intermediate to advanced athletes as well as lead way to more research on acute training variable manipulation.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2016
- Identifier
- CFH2000109, ucf:45953
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFH2000109
- Title
- SOIL MICROBIAL COMMUNITY DYNAMICS IN FLORIDA SCRUB ECOSYSTEM.
- Creator
-
Albarracín, María, Weishampel, John F., University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
-
Pyrogenic ecosystems are maintained by fires which vary in frequency, seasonality, and intensity. Florida oak-saw palmetto scrub ecosystem is characterized by fires occurring at intervals of 10-20 years. Diverse factors as private land acquisition and development has created a patchy distribution of scrub ecosystems and also interrupted the natural fire cycle. The effects of fire over plant regeneration and fauna habitat utilization of the scrub have been well characterized in previous...
Show morePyrogenic ecosystems are maintained by fires which vary in frequency, seasonality, and intensity. Florida oak-saw palmetto scrub ecosystem is characterized by fires occurring at intervals of 10-20 years. Diverse factors as private land acquisition and development has created a patchy distribution of scrub ecosystems and also interrupted the natural fire cycle. The effects of fire over plant regeneration and fauna habitat utilization of the scrub have been well characterized in previous research. In the present paper the objective is to characterize the short- and long-term fire effects on the soil microbial community. Fire effects were studied in a chronosequence, comprising a recently burned scrub during a winter-prescribed fire to scrub where fire did not occur for 40 years. The number of culturable cells was reduced by two orders of magnitude by indirect fire effects and environmental factors, principally hydric stress. However, the duration of fire effects was very short since the microbial community returned to pre-fire numbers and activity by day 47 after fire. Microbial community activity was distinctively related to inoculum density in the soil and litter samples. Soil and litter microbial communities showed differences in metabolic activity. There was no difference in substrate utilization pattern, but there was significant seasonal variation related to the decrease in water content during the month of May. Substrate utilization by litter microbial communities was higher during the month of January compared to soil microbial communities and this relationship was inversed during the month of May probably associated to the more stringent conditions, low water availability, on the litter layer. Seasonal effects outweighed fire effects in this study as this environmental constraint determined the microbial community structure and activity.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2005
- Identifier
- CFE0000472, ucf:46353
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0000472
- Title
- EFFECTS OF FOOD DEPRIVATION ON BLOOD LIPID CONCENTRATION AND COMPOSITON IN STELLER SEA LIONS (EUMETOPIAS JUBATUS).
- Creator
-
Berman, Michelle, Worthy, Graham, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
-
Steller sea lions, the largest Otariid, fast during their breeding season; during this time they refrain from ingesting food for a period of 12-43 days. Fasting, while undertaking an extremely energetically demanding activity (breeding and pupping), requires specific physiological adaptations. This study examined the physiological response to fasting of two age classes, juveniles and sub-adults, during the breeding and non-breeding seasons to determine how these animals utilize lipids and the...
Show moreSteller sea lions, the largest Otariid, fast during their breeding season; during this time they refrain from ingesting food for a period of 12-43 days. Fasting, while undertaking an extremely energetically demanding activity (breeding and pupping), requires specific physiological adaptations. This study examined the physiological response to fasting of two age classes, juveniles and sub-adults, during the breeding and non-breeding seasons to determine how these animals utilize lipids and the pattern of fatty acid mobilization from lipid stores during fasting. Four juveniles and 5 sub-adults were fasted for one and two weeks, respectively, and blood samples were collected approximately every 3 days for lipid analysis. The concentrations of plasma non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) were analyzed spectrophotometrically. Serum fatty acid composition was analyzed using gas chromatography (GC) and their individual weight percent (wt %) were correlated with their peak retention time and calculated using the area under each peak. Sixty-nine fatty acids were quantified from each sample. However, only those with concentrations above 0.2 wt. % were included in the analysis. Sub-adult samples were grouped on a percent mass loss basis (0%, 7-8% and 15% mass loss) to facilitate comparison with the juveniles. These data represent the total lipid fatty acid composition of each blood sample. Relative lipid concentration was calculated by multiplying the total lipid fatty acid compositional analysis (wt %) by the NEFA concentrations measured in that respective blood sample. Plasma NEFA concentrations in juvenile Steller sea lions ranged from 1.2 ¡Ó 0.51 mM to 3.7 „b 0.69 during fasting and was within the range of fasting phocids. Concentrations of NEFAs in the sub-adult Steller sea lions ranged from 1.00 mM up to 9.70 mM and were generally higher than fasting phocids. The wt % of only one fatty acid (20:0) was significantly different between the breeding and non-breeding season in fasting juveniles. However, the wt % of seven fatty acids changed significantly during fasting in the juveniles and five of these were most significant in separating the beginning and end of the fasts using principal components analysis. In contrast, the wt % of 10 fatty acids were significantly different during the breeding and non-breeding season fasts of the sub-adults. Additionally, the wt % of 10 fatty acids changed significantly during fasting in the sub-adults and four of these (16:1n-7, 18:2n-6, 20:0, and 20:1n-9) were most significant in separating the beginning and end of the fasts using principal components analysis. These trends reveal the physiological differences between the juvenile and sub-adult Steller sea lions and suggest that the sub-adults may be better physiologically and metabolically adapted to fast than the juveniles in this study.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2005
- Identifier
- CFE0000621, ucf:46526
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0000621
- Title
- Simultaneous Use of Physiological Sensors for a Neuromarketing Task.
- Creator
-
Descheneaux, Charles, Reinerman, Lauren, Barber, Daniel, Karwowski, Waldemar, Goldiez, Brian, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
-
ABSTRACTPhysiological measurements have become more popular in Psychological research over the past ten years. These advancements allowed different objective sensors to become another measurement tool in a scientific arsenal of collecting data. Traditionally, performance and after task subjective measures have been used for most studies in Psychological research. With the opportunity to use these subjective measures along with objective measures, more data can be collected during research and...
Show moreABSTRACTPhysiological measurements have become more popular in Psychological research over the past ten years. These advancements allowed different objective sensors to become another measurement tool in a scientific arsenal of collecting data. Traditionally, performance and after task subjective measures have been used for most studies in Psychological research. With the opportunity to use these subjective measures along with objective measures, more data can be collected during research and therefore potentially produce better quality conclusions.Eye Tracking (ET), functional near infrared (fNIR), transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD), electrocardiogram (EKG) and the electroencephalogram (EEG) have shown great promise in their ability to produce reliable and powerful objective data for research. Consequently, these devices are being used at the same time. The simultaneous use has the potential for interference between devices. Further, these devices are used on human subjects who can find these devices uncomfortable. These issues have the ability to skew data simply due to the measurement devices used.The effort of this study was to determine if the above devices could be used simultaneously without affecting their data quality, determine if difference combinations are more or less beneficial and determine if the combination of sensors have an effect on participant experience. A negative effect from discomfort has the potential to effect data. A study was conducted utilizing the ET, EEG, EKG, fNIR and TCD together in various combinations and also alone to determine if data is compromised and to determine if the combinations have an effect on participant experience.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2018
- Identifier
- CFE0007323, ucf:52130
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0007323
- Title
- Environmental correlates of sensory sampling rate in the electrosensory system of Neotropical electric fishes.
- Creator
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Correa Roldan, Ericka, Crampton, William, Cook, Geoffrey, Correa, Sandra, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
-
The nocturnally-active freshwater Neotropical gymnotiform electric fish generate weak electric organ discharges (EODs) that are detected by electroreceptors to facilitate active electroreception (object detection and communication - including species recognition). The EOD rate of 'pulse-type' species varies among individuals as a function of activity rate and during sexual or agonistic interactions. The extent to which EOD rate varies between and within species in natural conditions, and the...
Show moreThe nocturnally-active freshwater Neotropical gymnotiform electric fish generate weak electric organ discharges (EODs) that are detected by electroreceptors to facilitate active electroreception (object detection and communication - including species recognition). The EOD rate of 'pulse-type' species varies among individuals as a function of activity rate and during sexual or agonistic interactions. The extent to which EOD rate varies between and within species in natural conditions, and the ecological and evolutionary factors that influence such variation are poorly known. EOD rate is presumed to represent a measure of sensory sampling rate, and therefore we hypothesized that water flow velocity may correlate positively to EOD rate variation (both between and within species). To test this hypothesis, we made nocturnal EOD-rate recordings of 862 non-breeding individuals of nine common species in rainforest streams of the upper Amazon. These recordings were accompanied by measurements of additional parameters hypothesized to influence intraspecific (but not interspecific) variation in pulse rate by influencing activity rate. These parameters included conductivity and turbidity (proxies for recent rainfall), temperature and dissolved oxygen (a possible metabolic constraint on signaling), body size (representing ontogeny), and moonlight intensity (a metric of predation risk). Using multiple regression in the form of linear mixed effect models, and model selection, we determined that none of these variables explain interspecific variation in EOD rate (-) suggesting that other factors such as species recognition or non-adaptive drift represent more important ultimate drivers of interspecific variation in pulse rate. However, at the intraspecific level, we reported a substantial reduction in mean pulse rate on nights with strong moonlight in two species, Brachyhypopomus sullivani and Gymnorhamphichthys rondoni. In two other species, Brachyhypopomus beebei and Brachyhypopomus verdii, we reported elevated pulse rate during periods of increased conductivity and/or turbidity that followed rainfall and consequent flooding of ephemeral swamps adjacent to terra-firme streams.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2019
- Identifier
- CFE0007618, ucf:52525
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0007618
- Title
- Effects of an Acute High-Volume Isokinetic Intervention on Inflammatory and Strength Changes: Influence of Age.
- Creator
-
Gordon, Joseph, Hoffman, Jay, Stout, Jeffrey, Fukuda, David, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
-
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of a high volume isokinetic intervention on lower body strength and inflammation, as well as markers of muscle damage in the subsequent 48 hours between younger and middle-aged men. METHODS: 19 healthy, recreationally trained men were randomly assigned to two groups, younger adults (YA: 21.8 (&)#177; 2.0 y; 90.7 (&)#177; 11.6 kg; 21.5 (&)#177; 4.1 % body fat), or middle-aged adults (MA: 47.0 (&)#177; 4.4 y; 96.0 (&)#177; 21.5; 24.8...
Show morePURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of a high volume isokinetic intervention on lower body strength and inflammation, as well as markers of muscle damage in the subsequent 48 hours between younger and middle-aged men. METHODS: 19 healthy, recreationally trained men were randomly assigned to two groups, younger adults (YA: 21.8 (&)#177; 2.0 y; 90.7 (&)#177; 11.6 kg; 21.5 (&)#177; 4.1 % body fat), or middle-aged adults (MA: 47.0 (&)#177; 4.4 y; 96.0 (&)#177; 21.5; 24.8 (&)#177; 6.3 % body fat). Both groups reported to the human performance laboratory (HPL) on four separate occasions. On the first visit (D1), anthropometric assessment, as well as a familiarization session with the isokinetic dynamometer, was performed. A muscle damaging protocol (HVP) was performed on the second visit (D2) consisting of 8 sets of 10 repetitions at 60(&)deg;(&)#183;sec-1 on the isokinetic dynamometer. An assessment protocol (AP) was performed to assess performance decrements between the YA and MA groups. For this protocol, a maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) was performed, as well as 3 isokinetic kicks at 2 different speeds (240(&)deg;(&)#183;sec-1 and 60(&)deg;(&)#183;sec-1). For the MVIC, values for peak torque (PKT), average torque (AVGT), rate of torque development at 100 ms (RTD100), and 200 ms (RTD200) were recorded. For the isokinetic kicks at 240(&)deg;(&)#183;sec-1 (ISK240) and 60(&)deg;(&)#183;sec-1 (ISK60), values were also recorded for peak torque (PKT), average torque (AVGT), as well as peak power (PP), and average power (AVGP). The AP was performed before the HVP (BL), immediately after the HVP (IP), 120 minutes after the HVP (120P), as well as one (24H) and two (48H) days following the HVP. Blood draws were also taken at BL, IP, 24H, and 48H, as well as 30 minutes (30P), and 60 minutes (60P) following the HVP to assess circulating levels of creatine kinase (CK), myoglobin (Mb), c-reactive protein (CRP), and interleukin 6 (IL-6). Ultrasound assessment was also performed at BL and IP as well to assess changes in muscle morphology as a result of the intervention. Performance, blood, and ultrasound markers were analyzed using a repeated measures ANOVA to observe between group comparisons for all of the outcome variables. RESULTS: There were no group differences observed for isometric or isokinetic peak torque or average torque, nor were there differences in isokinetic peak power or average power between the two groups as a result of the intervention. There were, however, differences in the pattern for rate of torque development at 100 ms and 200 ms between the two groups. RTD 100 was decreased at IP and 48H in YA, with MA showing decreases at IP, but also 120P and 24H unlike YA. RTD200 was decreased at all time points in YA, while MA was decreased at IP, 24H, and 48H, but not 120P. For markers of muscle damage and inflammation, there were no differences in the response of Mb, CK, CRP, or IL-6 between groups. CONCLUSIONS: Age does not appear to be a driving factor in the inflammatory or muscle damage response from a high volume isokinetic intervention. Though changes in peak torque and average torque from a high volume isokinetic intervention do not seem to differ between younger and middle-aged adults, the rate of torque production at 100ms and 200ms is different between groups. This suggests that while recovery to average or maximal strength after an exercise bout may not be affected greatly by age, the rate of neuromuscular recovery from exercise may be primarily affected by other factors such as training status.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2017
- Identifier
- CFE0006594, ucf:51259
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0006594
- Title
- The Effects of 6-weeks of Resistance Training on the Neuromuscular Fatigue Threshold in Older Adults.
- Creator
-
Emerson, Nadia, Stout, Jeffrey, Hoffman, Jay, Fragala, Maren, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
-
Age-related deficits in muscle mass, strength, and function place an increased burden of work on existing skeletal muscle and may lead to early onset of neuromuscular fatigue (NMF) during activities of daily living. Resistance exercise (RE) is the proven method for improving neuromuscular function in healthy older adults. PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of 6 weeks of RE on the NMF threshold as well as strength and functional performance in older adults. METHODS: Twenty-four older adults...
Show moreAge-related deficits in muscle mass, strength, and function place an increased burden of work on existing skeletal muscle and may lead to early onset of neuromuscular fatigue (NMF) during activities of daily living. Resistance exercise (RE) is the proven method for improving neuromuscular function in healthy older adults. PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of 6 weeks of RE on the NMF threshold as well as strength and functional performance in older adults. METHODS: Twenty-four older adults were randomly assigned to 6 weeks of RE (EXE; n = 12; age 72 (&)#177; 6.3 y; BMI 28.4 kg/m2) or control (CONT; n = 12; age 70.3 (&)#177; 5.6 y; BMI 27.6 kg/m2). Body fat percent (BF%), lean mass (LM), and fat mass (FM) were measured using DEXA and participants performed a discontinuous cycle ergometer test, physical working capacity at fatigue threshold (PWCFT), to determine the onset of NMF. Functional performance was assessed by time to complete 5 chair rises (CHAIR) and walk an 8-foot course (WALK). Lower body strength was assessed by predicted 1-RM leg extension (1RM). Two-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA; time [PRE, POST] x group [EXE and CONT]) and magnitude based inferences were used to compare dependent variables. RESULTS: RE significantly increased 1RM (35%; p = 0.001) and CHAIR (20%; p = 0.047). RE had a likely beneficial effect on WALK (15%) and a possibly beneficial effect on PWCFT (14%). There were no significant changes to LM or FM, however, women in EXE significantly decreased BF% (p = 0.020). CONCLUSION: Results suggest that RE improves measures of strength and functional performance and possibly the onset of NMF in older adults.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2013
- Identifier
- CFE0004679, ucf:49876
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0004679
- Title
- IMPROVED PHYSIOLOGY AND PSYCHOSOCIAL WELL-BEING FOR CHILDREN WITH PHYSICAL DISABILITIES THROUGH VIRTUAL REALITY IMMERSION.
- Creator
-
Fralish, Bethany D, Nickels, Megan, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
-
The purpose of this case study was to examine the physiological and psychosocial effects of an immersive virtual reality (VR) system in a female, young adult with right side paralysis following a left hemisphere brain bleed in order to determine the usefulness of immersive VR for children with physical disabilities, in particular, cerebral palsy (CP). The current study consisted of six sessions over a span of three weeks, with each session lasting approximately 45 minutes. Physiological...
Show moreThe purpose of this case study was to examine the physiological and psychosocial effects of an immersive virtual reality (VR) system in a female, young adult with right side paralysis following a left hemisphere brain bleed in order to determine the usefulness of immersive VR for children with physical disabilities, in particular, cerebral palsy (CP). The current study consisted of six sessions over a span of three weeks, with each session lasting approximately 45 minutes. Physiological factors (upper body mobility, heart rate variability) were assessed via a hand use questionnaire and a heart rate monitor, while psychosocial factors (e.g. positive mood) were assessed through post-session debriefing discussions with the participant. All measures were completed at each of the six VR sessions, with the exception of the hand use questionnaire, which was administered at baseline, and post-intervention. The VR programs selected were specifically chosen to engage upper body and arm movements. Descriptive analyses and coding of interviews were conducted to examine changes throughout the study sessions. The participant reported an increase in hand mobility and psychosocial well-being, such as improvement in mood, as a result of her participation in the VR sessions. The results of the current study suggest that the use of movement-specific VR programs may be beneficial to children with physical disabilities and CP, although due to the single-subject design of the study, further research is warranted.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2017
- Identifier
- CFH2000255, ucf:46028
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFH2000255
- Title
- MODELING AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ACUTE STRESS UNDER DYNAMIC TASK CONDITIONS.
- Creator
-
Millan, Angel, Crumpton-Young, Lesia, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
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Stress can be defined as the mental, physical, and emotional response of humans to stressors encountered in their personal or professional environment. Stressors are introduced in various activities, especially those found in dynamic task conditions when multiple task requirements must be performed. Stress and stressors have been described as activators and inhibitors of human performance. The ability to manage high levels of acute stress is an important determinant of successful performance...
Show moreStress can be defined as the mental, physical, and emotional response of humans to stressors encountered in their personal or professional environment. Stressors are introduced in various activities, especially those found in dynamic task conditions when multiple task requirements must be performed. Stress and stressors have been described as activators and inhibitors of human performance. The ability to manage high levels of acute stress is an important determinant of successful performance in any occupation. In situations where performance is critical, personnel must be prepared to operate successfully under hostile or extreme stress conditions; therefore training programs and engineered systems must be tailored to assist humans in fulfilling these demands. To effectively design appropriate training programs for these conditions, it is necessary to quantitatively describe stress. A series of theoretical stress models have been developed in previous research studies; however, these do not provide quantification of stress levels nor the impact on human performance. By modeling acute stress under dynamic task conditions, quantitative values for stress and its impact on performance can be assessed. Thus, this research was designed to develop a predictive model for acute stress as a function of human performance and task demand. Initially, a four factor two level experimental design [2 (Noise) x 2 (Temperature) x 2 (Time Awareness) x 2 (Workload)] was performed to identify reliable physiological, cognitive and behavioral responses to stress. Next, multivariate analysis of variance (n=108) tests were performed, which showed statistically significant differences for physiological, cognitive and behavioral responses. Finally, fuzzy set theory techniques were used to develop a comprehensive stress index model. Thus, the resulting stress index model was constructed using input on physiological, cognitive and behavioral responses to stressors as well as characteristics inherent to the type of task performed and personal factors that interact as mediators (competitiveness, motivation, coping technique and proneness to boredom). Through using this stress index model to quantify and characterize the affects of acute stress on human performance, these research findings can inform proper training protocols and help to redesign tasks and working conditions that are prone to create levels of acute stress that adversely affect human performance.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2011
- Identifier
- CFE0004056, ucf:49151
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0004056
- Title
- Evaluating Human-Robot Implicit Communication through Human-Human Implicit Communication.
- Creator
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Richardson, Andrew, Karwowski, Waldemar, Hancock, Peter, Shumaker, Randall, Reinerman, Lauren, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
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Human-Robot Interaction (HRI) research is examining ways to make human-robot (HR) communication more natural. Incorporating natural communication techniques is expected to make HR communication seamless and more natural for humans. Humans naturally incorporate implicit levels of communication, and including implicit communication in HR communication should provide tremendous benefit. The aim for this work was to evaluate a model for human-robot implicit communication. Specifically, the...
Show moreHuman-Robot Interaction (HRI) research is examining ways to make human-robot (HR) communication more natural. Incorporating natural communication techniques is expected to make HR communication seamless and more natural for humans. Humans naturally incorporate implicit levels of communication, and including implicit communication in HR communication should provide tremendous benefit. The aim for this work was to evaluate a model for human-robot implicit communication. Specifically, the primary goal for this research was to determine whether humans can assign meanings to implicit cues received from autonomous robots as they do for identical implicit cues received from humans.An experiment was designed to allow participants to assign meanings to identical, implicit cues (pursuing, retreating, investigating, hiding, patrolling) received from humans and robots. Participants were tasked to view random video clips of both entity types, label the implicit cue, and assign a level of confidence in their chosen answer. Physiological data was tracked during the experiment using an electroencephalogram and eye-tracker. Participants answered workload and stress measure questionnaires following each scenario.Results revealed that participants were significantly more accurate with human cues (84%) than with robot cues (82%), however participants were highly accurate, above 80%, for both entity types. Despite the high accuracy for both types, participants remained significantly more confident in answers for humans (6.1) than for robots (5.9) on a confidence scale of 1 - 7.Subjective measures showed no significant differences for stress or mental workload across entities. Physiological measures were not significant for the engagement index acrossentity, but robots resulted in significantly higher levels of cognitive workload for participants via the index of cognitive activity.The results of this study revealed that participants are more confident interpreting human implicit cues than identical cues received from a robot. However, the accuracy of interpreting both entities remained high. Participants showed no significant difference in interpreting different cues across entity as well. Therefore, much of the ability of interpreting an implicit cue resides in the actual cue rather than the entity. Proper training should boost confidence as humans begin to work alongside autonomous robots as teammates, and it is possible to train humans to recognize cues based on the movement, regardless of the entity demonstrating the movement.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2012
- Identifier
- CFE0004429, ucf:49352
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0004429
- Title
- BIOSIGNAL PROCESSING CHALLENGES IN EMOTION RECOGNITIONFOR ADAPTIVE LEARNING.
- Creator
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Vartak, Aniket, Mikhael, Wasfy, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
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User-centered computer based learning is an emerging field of interdisciplinary research. Research in diverse areas such as psychology, computer science, neuroscience and signal processing is making contributions the promise to take this field to the next level. Learning systems built using contributions from these fields could be used in actual training and education instead of just laboratory proof-of-concept. One of the important advances in this research is the detection and assessment of...
Show moreUser-centered computer based learning is an emerging field of interdisciplinary research. Research in diverse areas such as psychology, computer science, neuroscience and signal processing is making contributions the promise to take this field to the next level. Learning systems built using contributions from these fields could be used in actual training and education instead of just laboratory proof-of-concept. One of the important advances in this research is the detection and assessment of the cognitive and emotional state of the learner using such systems. This capability moves development beyond the use of traditional user performance metrics to include system intelligence measures that are based on current neuroscience theories. These advances are of paramount importance in the success and wide spread use of learning systems that are automated and intelligent. Emotion is considered an important aspect of how learning occurs, and yet estimating it and making adaptive adjustments are not part of most learning systems. In this research we focus on one specific aspect of constructing an adaptive and intelligent learning system, that is, estimation of the emotion of the learner as he/she is using the automated training system. The challenge starts with the definition of the emotion and the utility of it in human life. The next challenge is to measure the co-varying factors of the emotions in a non-invasive way, and find consistent features from these measures that are valid across wide population. In this research we use four physiological sensors that are non-invasive, and establish a methodology of utilizing the data from these sensors using different signal processing tools. A validated set of visual stimuli used worldwide in the research of emotion and attention, called International Affective Picture System (IAPS), is used. A dataset is collected from the sensors in an experiment designed to elicit emotions from these validated visual stimuli. We describe a novel wavelet method to calculate hemispheric asymmetry metric using electroencephalography data. This method is tested against typically used power spectral density method. We show overall improvement in accuracy in classifying specific emotions using the novel method. We also show distinctions between different discrete emotions from the autonomic nervous system activity using electrocardiography, electrodermal activity and pupil diameter changes. Findings from different features from these sensors are used to give guidelines to use each of the individual sensors in the adaptive learning environment.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2010
- Identifier
- CFE0003301, ucf:48503
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0003301
- Title
- Dairy calcium advertising awareness, attitudes and behavior : a survey of 13-17 year-old females.
- Creator
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Cooper, Michele, Davis, Robert H., Arts and Sciences
- Abstract / Description
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University of Central Florida College of Arts and Sciences Thesis; In April 1984, at a conference convened by the National Institutes of Health, a panel of experts issued a statement listing calcium as a "mainstay in the prevention and management of osteoporosis." Osteoporosis, or "brittle bone disease," affects one out of every four American women over 5 0 and is the 12th leading cause of death in the United States. In January 1985, the National Dairy Promotion and Research Board began...
Show moreUniversity of Central Florida College of Arts and Sciences Thesis; In April 1984, at a conference convened by the National Institutes of Health, a panel of experts issued a statement listing calcium as a "mainstay in the prevention and management of osteoporosis." Osteoporosis, or "brittle bone disease," affects one out of every four American women over 5 0 and is the 12th leading cause of death in the United States. In January 1985, the National Dairy Promotion and Research Board began emphasizing dietary calcium in the promotion of milk and dairy products. Television commercials and print advertising were developed which focused on the calcium contained in dairy products and stressed the importance of this nutrient to a woman's diet. Recent consumer research conducted by Market Facts, Inc. of Chicago indicates that this positive calcium message designed to increase dairy product intake may not be effectively reaching the 13-24 year old female. The study shows that subjects in this age group report that they are doing less about their calcium deficiencies than subjects who were studied prior to the time that the dietary calcium advertising began. In addition, the research indicates that those women who are taking steps to increase calcium intake are less likely to use dairy products. Teenage females offer the dairy industry a challenging opportunity. While average male milk consumption jumps dramatically during the ages of 13-19, average female milk consumption experiences only a slight increase. Reaching this audience at this habit-forming age end changing their attitudes and behavior could provide lifelong use of dairy products. The purpose of this study is to determine the efficacy of past dairy calcium advertising messages in affecting the health attitudes and dietary behavior of 13-17 year old women in Florida.
Show less - Date Issued
- 1987
- Identifier
- CFR0004326, ucf:52991
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFR0004326
- Title
- Understanding the Capabilities and Limitations of Advanced Interactive M(&)S: A Cricothyroidotomy Simulation Case Study.
- Creator
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Campbell-Wynn, Lillian, Proctor, Michael, Kincaid, John, Crumpton-Young, Lesia, Liu, Alan, Burgess, Deborah, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
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Simulation for surgical education and training is increasingly perceived as a valuable contribution to traditional teaching methods providing a structured learning experience. Surgical simulations allow surgeons to practice tactics, techniques and procedures numerous times without the cost, limitations and ethical problems of using cadaver-based models. The goal of this research is to advance the use of modeling and simulation in support of emergency medical training. This research explores...
Show moreSimulation for surgical education and training is increasingly perceived as a valuable contribution to traditional teaching methods providing a structured learning experience. Surgical simulations allow surgeons to practice tactics, techniques and procedures numerous times without the cost, limitations and ethical problems of using cadaver-based models. The goal of this research is to advance the use of modeling and simulation in support of emergency medical training. This research explores questions identified through a case study of two different modeling and simulation techniques (-) virtual reality and mannequins - in the support of combat emergency medical education and training. To reduce the scope to a manageable dissertation, the research focuses on CricSim as representative form of virtual reality simulation and HapMed as a form of mannequin simulation both with haptic-enabled capabilities. To further narrow the scope, the research focuses on training of a medical technique common to both simulation systems, which for this research was the cricothyroidotomy airway management technique. The U.S. Army expressed interest in training of combat medics in the cricothyroidotomy airway management technique and offered to support experimentation with both facilities and trained combat medics as the sample population. An experiment supporting this research took place at Fort Indiantown Gap, a National Guard Training Center located in Annville, Lebanon County, Pennsylvania and is the home of the Medical Battalion Training Site. An advanced airway management course is augmented with combat medics receiving training and evaluation on performing the cricothyroidotomy procedure using CricSim and HapMed with system experts provided by each respective developer. The NASA Task Load survey is used to collect participants' assessment of workload in terms of Mental Demand, Physical Demand, Temporal Demand, Level of Effort, Performance and Level of Frustration based on four primary tasks of the cricothyroidotomy. Additionally, the Technology Acceptance Model survey is used to provide insight into participant's assessment of usability. Professional trainers also provide their assessment of the virtual simulators suitability in support of the combat medics in performing their tasks based on their standards. The results of the participants' assessment of each virtual simulator take the form of a comparison study. To improve the advancement of medical simulation in the training of cricothyroidotomy procedure, a summary of findings, generalized conclusions, lessons learned and recommendations for future research are illuminated. The dissertation team is comprised of medical experts within the U.S. Air Force Education and Training Command, U.S. Army Research and Medical Command, and the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences as well as simulation subject matter experts from the University of Central Florida.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2013
- Identifier
- CFE0005142, ucf:50705
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0005142
