Current Search: policies (x)
Pages
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Title
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The Role of Tactical Nuclear Weapons in American China Policy: 1950-1963.
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Creator
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Poppino, James, Zhang, Hong, Foster, Amy, Lyons, Amelia, University of Central Florida
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Abstract / Description
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This study demonstrates that tactical nuclear weapons occupied a central and essential role in US military policy for confronting the Peoples Republic of China between 1950 and 1963. Historians seldom look at tactical nuclear weapons as a separate and distinct component of American foreign policy and generally place these weapons as a subset of a strategic doctrine directed at the Soviet Union. When examined as a separate component of military policy, however, tactical nuclear weapons proved...
Show moreThis study demonstrates that tactical nuclear weapons occupied a central and essential role in US military policy for confronting the Peoples Republic of China between 1950 and 1963. Historians seldom look at tactical nuclear weapons as a separate and distinct component of American foreign policy and generally place these weapons as a subset of a strategic doctrine directed at the Soviet Union. When examined as a separate component of military policy, however, tactical nuclear weapons proved to be indispensable tools for the American leadership to deal with the complex relationship between the United States, the People's Republic of China and the Republic of China (Taiwan). Such weapons allowed each of the three administrations examined in this study (Harry Truman's, Dwight Eisenhower's and John Kennedy's) to commit the United States to defense obligations that would otherwise have been impossible. As these weapons developed from their infancy in the late 1940s through a number of aggressive field deployments in the 1950s, US presidents repeatedly turned to tactical nuclear weapons when considering their military options for confronting China. The role of tactical nuclear weapons strengthened with each passing presidency and with each crisis between China and the United States. From these crises, tactical nuclear weapons evolved from inefficient weapons systems of Korean War policy, to a key element of a defensive military policy to contain China, and, in their final iteration, as an instrument that not only to assured containment, but was also considered as a possible method of depriving China from obtaining its own nuclear weapons.
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Date Issued
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2016
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Identifier
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CFE0006163, ucf:51118
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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PURL
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http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0006163
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Title
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FROM LIBERAL TO RESTRICTIVE: THE 1992 ASYLUM POLICY CHANGE IN GERMANY.
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Creator
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Ramos, Natalie, Kinsey, Barbara, University of Central Florida
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Abstract / Description
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As the most popular destination country for migrants and refugees in the EU since the end of World War II (MPI, 2004), Germany has a history of refugee inflows. In this thesis I focus on the different factors that led to asylum policy change in reunified Germany, from liberal since 1945 to restrictive, after the end of the Cold War in 1992, with the 1992 amendment of Article 16 of the German Basic Law. The study of the factors that account for German asylum policy change is important to...
Show moreAs the most popular destination country for migrants and refugees in the EU since the end of World War II (MPI, 2004), Germany has a history of refugee inflows. In this thesis I focus on the different factors that led to asylum policy change in reunified Germany, from liberal since 1945 to restrictive, after the end of the Cold War in 1992, with the 1992 amendment of Article 16 of the German Basic Law. The study of the factors that account for German asylum policy change is important to understand the future of German asylum policy, and potentially provide a model of asylum policy change in other countries. In this study, I analyze German public opinion that seems to have been affected by large migrant inflows and the declining state of the economy. I argue that electoral pressures by the German public contributed to political party platform changes and asylum policy change. I use data from Eurobaromeer surveys, the World Bank, and the Migration Policy Institute to describe the refugee inflows and the state of the German economy, and how these may have contributed to public opinion, as reflected in Eurobarometer survey results. I examine German political party platforms and campaign tactics based on secondary literature, such as scholarly articles and studies, as well as political speeches and statements. I also consider Germany's membership in the EU as a factor that may have affected the change in German asylum policy. Germany's membership in the EU may have been used as a form of leverage by the Christian Democratic Party (CDU), to pressure the Social Democratic Party (SPD), to compromise on asylum policy restrictions, as Germany's constitutional right to asylum impeded the implementation of EU asylum policy provisions. The findings of my research suggest that German public sentiments may have affected Germany's political party platforms. Evidently, the SPD, aligned its political platform and policy agenda to align with the changes in the German electoral context and gain electoral support. Also, Germany's position as a founding member of the EU, may have contributed to the compromise on German asylum policy change, because the right to asylum as explained in Article 16 of the constitution, withheld Germany from utilizing the EU's asylum procedures and policies, until Article 16 was amended in 1992.
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Date Issued
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2016
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Identifier
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CFH2000113, ucf:46059
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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PURL
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http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFH2000113
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Title
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Israel and dollar diplomacy.
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Creator
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Perlo, Victor
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Date Issued
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1953
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Identifier
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359818, CFDT359818, ucf:5213
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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PURL
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http://purl.flvc.org/FCLA/DT/359818
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Title
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A CLOSER LOOK AT THE NECESSITY OF MANAGING MONETARY POLICY EXPECTATIONS.
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Creator
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Annoni-Fuertes, Vanessa, Ramanlal, Pradupkumar, University of Central Florida
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Abstract / Description
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Monetary policy changes that are unexpected by the investing public can generate great volatility and illiquidity in the equities market, and therefore may severely compromise the Federal Reserve's ability to control the economy. Given the investing public's power, their fear of uncertainty, and their impulsive nature to create and act upon uninformed expectations, it is imperative that the Federal Reserve uses any and all communication about monetary policy with the purpose of further...
Show moreMonetary policy changes that are unexpected by the investing public can generate great volatility and illiquidity in the equities market, and therefore may severely compromise the Federal Reserve's ability to control the economy. Given the investing public's power, their fear of uncertainty, and their impulsive nature to create and act upon uninformed expectations, it is imperative that the Federal Reserve uses any and all communication about monetary policy with the purpose of further advancing the their stability objectives. Initially, the Federal Reserve felt that changes in monetary policy were most effective if decided and implemented in private however over 50 years after its establishment, Ben Bernanke began to realize the power of transparency and communication. Given how recently its power was recognized and utilized, it is still a relatively new topic with various facets that have yet to be explored. This paper will carefully analyze these different facets of transparency. First it will explain why a lack of communication was originally considered to be the most effective way to implement monetary policy. Next, it will explore the relationship between the investing public's power and their need for communication. And lastly, it will attempt estimate the best way to use communication to the Federal Reserve's benefit, with special attention to the recent financial crisis of 2008 and how Ben Bernanke handled it. These results will reiterate the value of transparency between the Federal Reserve and the investing public about target federal funds rates and expected inflation, which will ultimately allow them to work together to achieve the same objectives.
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Date Issued
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2014
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Identifier
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CFH0004637, ucf:45315
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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PURL
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http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFH0004637
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Title
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Elements of Azeri's Independent Foreign Policy: Energy, Geography, and Global Powers Rivalry.
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Creator
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Vera Muniz, Omar, Sadri, Houman, Morales, Waltraud, Li, Quan, University of Central Florida
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Abstract / Description
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This work applies geopolitical concepts to elucidate how geography, energy, and rivalries among global powers affect the Azeri foreign policy. This research work uses a deductive method of qualitative research and a longitudinal analysis of qualitative variables.This study first reviews the most significant academic works in the field to delineate the framework of Azerbaijani foreign policy. Next, it discusses the geographical features of the Azeri landlocked territory and its influence over...
Show moreThis work applies geopolitical concepts to elucidate how geography, energy, and rivalries among global powers affect the Azeri foreign policy. This research work uses a deductive method of qualitative research and a longitudinal analysis of qualitative variables.This study first reviews the most significant academic works in the field to delineate the framework of Azerbaijani foreign policy. Next, it discusses the geographical features of the Azeri landlocked territory and its influence over foreign policy. Then the study presents how Azerbaijan uses its energy as a leverage tool in its foreign policy. The fourth chapter analyzes the current competition between two global powers, the US and Russia, for influence over Azeri oil and gas resources, seeking to balance the power in the South Caucasus and Central Asian regions. Finally, this research work lists the findings, showing that the Azeri foreign policy is affected by geography, energy, and global power competition variables. The transit states that encircle the landlocked territory of Azerbaijan reduce the Azeri ability to export its energy resources to international markets. The economic and political involvement of foreign companies and states in the Azeri energy industry also reduces the economic and political independence of Azerbaijan. The competition between the US and Russia for influence over the Azeri territory and its energy resources also affects the foreign policy of Azerbaijan. Thus, in order to achieve economic, political, and military stability, Azerbaijan has to be constantly balancing regional and global powers.
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Date Issued
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2012
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Identifier
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CFE0004449, ucf:49358
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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PURL
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http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0004449
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Title
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Reformation and Renaissance: An Examination of America's Education Reform Movement.
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Creator
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Johnson, Craig, Murray, Barbara, Murray, Kenneth, Doherty, Walter, Holt, Larry, University of Central Florida
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Abstract / Description
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Education reform has grown into a major policy issue at the state and national level in the United States and for that matter around the world. The purpose of this study was to determine the political and social forces supporting, the rationale behind, and the growth and impact of education reform policies in the K-12 public education system of the United States from 2001-2011. Through mixed-methods data analysis a descriptive and analytical picture of education reform was able to be...
Show moreEducation reform has grown into a major policy issue at the state and national level in the United States and for that matter around the world. The purpose of this study was to determine the political and social forces supporting, the rationale behind, and the growth and impact of education reform policies in the K-12 public education system of the United States from 2001-2011. Through mixed-methods data analysis a descriptive and analytical picture of education reform was able to be concluded. The results of the analysis showed that with an increase in education reforms from 2001-2011, legislators, predominantly Republican, created state level education reforms which fell in line with both neoliberal economic (market based policies) and neoconservative political (smaller government and increased individualism) ideals. With a focus on accountability, achievement, and choice, reformers, proliferated in profiles of corporations, PACs and other organizations outside the realm of traditional public education, school systems in the United States continued on similar paths of education reform as other post-industrialized countries that have grown out of an economically globalized world.
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Date Issued
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2014
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Identifier
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CFE0005353, ucf:50484
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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PURL
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http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0005353
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Title
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The crisis in U.S. defense.
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Creator
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Knorr, Klaus Eugen
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Date Issued
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1957
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Identifier
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2683733, CFDT2683733, ucf:5121
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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PURL
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http://purl.flvc.org/FCLA/DT/2683733
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Title
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State Adolescent Reproductive Health Policies and their Impact on Teen Pregnancy Outcomes.
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Creator
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Cawley, Jenna, Fine, Terri, Jewett, Aubrey, Logan, Lisa, University of Central Florida
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Abstract / Description
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Using multiple regression analysis, this study analyzes the impact of state-level adolescent reproductive health statutes on rates of teenage pregnancy, birth and abortion rates. This study also analyzes the impact that adolescent reproductive health policy outputs have had on teenage pregnancy outcomes between 1992 and 2008, and the disparate impact of policies on minority teens.While some preventive adolescent reproductive health policies are found to impact teen pregnancy outcomes, most...
Show moreUsing multiple regression analysis, this study analyzes the impact of state-level adolescent reproductive health statutes on rates of teenage pregnancy, birth and abortion rates. This study also analyzes the impact that adolescent reproductive health policy outputs have had on teenage pregnancy outcomes between 1992 and 2008, and the disparate impact of policies on minority teens.While some preventive adolescent reproductive health policies are found to impact teen pregnancy outcomes, most research findings pertain to the impact of abortion policy. Restrictions on minors' access to confidential prenatal care are associated with reduced rates of teen abortion while restricting access to contraceptive services is associated with increases in teen abortion. Surprisingly, states with more family planning program spending are found to have been less effective in reducing rates of teen pregnancy and births between 1992 and 2008. Abortion restrictions are found to decrease rates of teen abortion and increase rates of teen birth. Mandated parental involvement in minors' abortions is found to increase rates of teen birth and contributed to a slower rate of decline in teen abortion between 1992 and 2008. This study indicates disparate impact of both preventive adolescent reproductive health policies and restrictive abortion policies. Restrictive abortion statutes were found to have an exceptionally strong positive effect on rates of Black teen birth, with a moderate impact on Hispanic teen birth and no impact on White teen birth.
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Date Issued
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2015
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Identifier
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CFE0005586, ucf:50247
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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PURL
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http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0005586
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Title
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Disarm to parley: A case for unilateral disarmament.
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Creator
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Ferry, W. M.
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Date Issued
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1961
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Identifier
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361639, CFDT361639, ucf:5258
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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PURL
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http://purl.flvc.org/FCLA/DT/361639
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Title
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PERCEPTIONS OF HOMELESSNESS AND STRATEGIES FOR RECEIVING SERVICES AMONG THE FLORIDA HOMELESS.
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Creator
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Young, Rebecca, Mishtal, Joanna, University of Central Florida
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Abstract / Description
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Homelessness is a complex problem replete with profound social distress and suffering, but with few adequate solutions. The homeless are a marginalized population particularly vulnerable to structural forces and policy decisions, including lack of affordable housing, unemployment, systemic inequalities, and lack of adequate social safety net. Perspectives of homeless people are understudied in anthropological scholarship which tends to focus on service providers, with comparatively less...
Show moreHomelessness is a complex problem replete with profound social distress and suffering, but with few adequate solutions. The homeless are a marginalized population particularly vulnerable to structural forces and policy decisions, including lack of affordable housing, unemployment, systemic inequalities, and lack of adequate social safety net. Perspectives of homeless people are understudied in anthropological scholarship which tends to focus on service providers, with comparatively less attention on homeless people themselves who are commonly subjected to medicalizing and criminalizing discourses. Using ethnographic research methods, including participant-observation and interviews with homeless people who pursue food pantry services at Hope Helps Non-profit organization in Oviedo, Florida, this paper examines the experiences of homeless people in Florida, where the issue of homelessness has been acute and is often depoliticized in public discourses. Specifically , it focuses on coping strategies of homeless people in Oviedo, and ways in which they understand their life circumstances and secure necessary services. Findings demonstrate that the Florida homeless view reasons for their homelessness as primarily economic, but rarely critique policies behind low wages or unaffordable housing. The narratives also show that the homeless in this study obtain resources through networking, and despite use of assistance services, view themselves as independent, active agents. Results of this research have potential to improve the way social services for the homeless are structured, and to inform policy relevant to homeless in Florida. Furthermore, this research brings attention to a marginalized problem and population, and considers how particular discourses function to maintain a structurally inadequate system.
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Date Issued
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2014
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Identifier
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CFH0004626, ucf:45286
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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PURL
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http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFH0004626
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Title
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THE POLITICS OF MENTAL HEALTH: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF POLICY ADOPTION AND IMPLEMENTATION IN GERMANY AND JAPAN.
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Creator
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Campos, Luis Diego, Turcu, Anca, University of Central Florida
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Abstract / Description
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In the aftermath of World War II, the Liberal Democratic Party of Japan followed Germany�s blueprint in fashioning a universal health coverage system. Comparisons to Germany�s welfare state during this same time period reveal markedly different social and mental health policy practices, as Germany�s Christian Democratic Union and Social Democratic Party cooperated toward progressive policies while the Liberal Democratic Party largely neglected social welfare expansion. The effect of these...
Show moreIn the aftermath of World War II, the Liberal Democratic Party of Japan followed Germany�s blueprint in fashioning a universal health coverage system. Comparisons to Germany�s welfare state during this same time period reveal markedly different social and mental health policy practices, as Germany�s Christian Democratic Union and Social Democratic Party cooperated toward progressive policies while the Liberal Democratic Party largely neglected social welfare expansion. The effect of these practices is reflected in budgetary provisions, institutionalization practices, and mental health epidemiology. This research finds that a favorable economic climate allowed the Liberal Democratic Party to politically isolate the Social Democratic Party and focus on economic productivity as opposed to welfare expansion. In contrast, West Germany�s competition with East Germany forced cooperation of its two largest political parties to balance economic policy and social progress, which is today reflected in mental health outcomes and policies markedly more favorable than those of Japan.
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Date Issued
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2016
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Identifier
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CFH2000029, ucf:45588
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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PURL
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http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFH2000029
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Title
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THE INFLUENCE OF CULTURAL DIVERSITY ON INITIAL DECISIONS TO TRUST IN NEWLY FORMING TEAMS: A POLICY CAPTURING APPROACH.
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Creator
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Priest Walker, Heather, Salas, Eduardo, University of Central Florida
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Abstract / Description
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This study investigated the impact of diversity on the decision to trust at team formation when no history or prior relationship exists. The study consisted of two phases: 1) a selection phase and 2) a policy capturing phase. The first phase consisted of demographics, propensity to trust, and prejudice scales that were used to select participants for phase 2. The second phase consisted of a full factorial design, policy capturing study which consisted of 64 scenarios which varied the level (i...
Show moreThis study investigated the impact of diversity on the decision to trust at team formation when no history or prior relationship exists. The study consisted of two phases: 1) a selection phase and 2) a policy capturing phase. The first phase consisted of demographics, propensity to trust, and prejudice scales that were used to select participants for phase 2. The second phase consisted of a full factorial design, policy capturing study which consisted of 64 scenarios which varied the level (i.e., high and low) of 6 variables: cultural diversity, attribution, perceptions of risk, trustworthiness, third party information, and role clarity. The policy capturing study was used to identify the weights given to these variables when deciding whether or not to trust a new team member. Propensity to trust scores and prejudice ratings were used as moderators of the relationships between these 6 variables and the decision to trust. Findings showed that there was a strong moderating affect of the diversity of the simulated team member on the participant's decision to trust. However, there was no direct relationship between diversity and the decision to trust. The weight given to each variable, as well as the interaction of variables, was different based on the diversity of the new team member. Findings suggest that when forming teams, the diversity of new team members will impact what factors individuals consider in deciding to trust that other person. In addition to future research needs, the impact of these results is discussed in terms of both training and selection in teams.
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Date Issued
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2008
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Identifier
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CFE0002358, ucf:47800
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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PURL
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http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0002358
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Title
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ANALYZING INSTRUCTTION BASED CACHE REPLACEMENT POLICIES.
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Creator
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Xiang, Ping, Zhou, Huiyang, University of Central Florida
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Abstract / Description
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The increasing speed gap between microprocessors and off-chip DRAM makes last-level caches (LLCs) a critical component for computer performance. Multi core processors aggravate the problem since multiple processor cores compete for the LLC. As a result, LLCs typically consume a significant amount of the die area and effective utilization of LLCs is mandatory for both performance and power efficiency. We present a novel replacement policy for last-level caches (LLCs). The fundamental...
Show moreThe increasing speed gap between microprocessors and off-chip DRAM makes last-level caches (LLCs) a critical component for computer performance. Multi core processors aggravate the problem since multiple processor cores compete for the LLC. As a result, LLCs typically consume a significant amount of the die area and effective utilization of LLCs is mandatory for both performance and power efficiency. We present a novel replacement policy for last-level caches (LLCs). The fundamental observation is to view LLCs as a shared resource among multiple address streams with each stream being generated by a static memory access instruction. The management of LLCs in both single-core and multi-core processors can then be modeled as a competition among multiple instructions. In our proposed scheme, we prioritize those instructions based on the number of LLC accesses and reuses and only allow cache lines having high instruction priorities to replace those of low priorities. The hardware support for our proposed replacement policy is light-weighted. Our experimental results based on a set of SPEC 2006 benchmarks show that it achieves significant performance improvement upon the least-recently used (LRU) replacement policy for benchmarks with high numbers of LLC misses. To handle LRU-friendly workloads, the set sampling technique is adopted to retain the benefits from the LRU replacement policy.
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Date Issued
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2010
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Identifier
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CFE0003377, ucf:48481
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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PURL
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http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0003377
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Title
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Domestic Violence (&) No-Drop Policies: Doing More Harm Than Good?.
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Creator
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Vincent, Jolene, Huff-Corzine, Lin, Corzine, Harold, Reckdenwald, Amy, University of Central Florida
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Abstract / Description
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Over the past few years, much debate has been centered on domestic violence, also known as intimate partner violence (IPV), and how it should be handled in our society and criminal justice system. In previous years, domestic violence has been seen not only as a private family matter, but a situation in which no outsiders should intrude. In 2014, the Centers for Disease Control stated that intimate partner violence is a public health problem with 27% of women and nearly 12% of men who have had...
Show moreOver the past few years, much debate has been centered on domestic violence, also known as intimate partner violence (IPV), and how it should be handled in our society and criminal justice system. In previous years, domestic violence has been seen not only as a private family matter, but a situation in which no outsiders should intrude. In 2014, the Centers for Disease Control stated that intimate partner violence is a public health problem with 27% of women and nearly 12% of men who have had some sort of experience with sexual or physical violence at the hands of an intimate partner, being stalked, or had violence impacting their lives in some way. Over the past 20 years, many policies have been enacted that attempt to not only hold offenders responsible for their actions, but also to help victims obtain the resources they so desperately need. While it may seem simple to say that police should arrest more and judges should give harsher sentences in an attempt to control domestic violence, they do need effective tools to help them achieve these results. In this paper, I analyze the satisfaction victims of intimate partner violence have with no-drop policies. These policies do not allow victims to drop charges against a perpetrator. Using data from the Interuniversity Consortium for Political and Social Research (ICPSR), findings indicate that male victims are more likely to be satisfied with the no-drop policy than are female victims. Because victims did not want the criminal justice system response to their victimization to go beyond arrest, future research needs to focus on why victims do not support jailing or therapy for offenders.
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Date Issued
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2015
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Identifier
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CFE0005898, ucf:50885
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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PURL
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http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0005898
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Title
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Against revolution.
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Creator
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Seldes, Gilbert
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Date Issued
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1932
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Identifier
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368025, CFDT368025, ucf:5369
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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PURL
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http://purl.flvc.org/FCLA/DT/368025
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Title
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Industrial socialism.
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Creator
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Haywood, Big Bill, Bohn, Frank
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Date Issued
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1911
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Identifier
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334777, CFDT334777, ucf:5178
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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PURL
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http://purl.flvc.org/FCLA/DT/334777
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Title
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The growing prosperity of the Soviet Union; report.
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Creator
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Voznesenskiĭ, Arseniĭ Nikolaevich, Kommunisticheskaya partiya Sovetskogo Soiuza
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Date Issued
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1941
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Identifier
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2072178, CFDT2072178, ucf:4890
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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PURL
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http://purl.flvc.org/FCLA/DT/2072178
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Title
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Latin America and the Alliance for progress.
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Creator
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Aguilar Monteverde, Alonso, Wasserman, Ursula
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Date Issued
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1963
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Identifier
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2100241, CFDT2100241, ucf:4902
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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PURL
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http://purl.flvc.org/FCLA/DT/2100241
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Title
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A proposal for a ban on the use of nuclear weapons.
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Creator
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Halperin, Morton H.
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Date Issued
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1961
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Identifier
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2683244, CFDT2683244, ucf:5053
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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PURL
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http://purl.flvc.org/FCLA/DT/2683244
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Title
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Soviet foreign policy and the world revolution.
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Creator
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Lovestone, Jay
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Date Issued
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1935
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Identifier
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368037, CFDT368037, ucf:5381
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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PURL
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http://purl.flvc.org/FCLA/DT/368037
Pages