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(1 - 3 of 3)
- Title
- STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING OF A STADIUM FOR EVALUATING HUMAN COMFORT AND STRUCTURAL PERFORMANCE.
- Creator
-
Sazak, Hasan, Catbas, F. Necati, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
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Light and rapid constructions as well as considerations such as improved line of sight and increased capacity for modern stadium structures make them vulnerable for vibration serviceability problems. These problems are also observed at convention centers, large shopping malls, concert halls and ballrooms. Especially when the individuals in a crowd are involved in some sort of coordinated motion, this type of loading creates the most potential for high levels of vibration. In order to...
Show moreLight and rapid constructions as well as considerations such as improved line of sight and increased capacity for modern stadium structures make them vulnerable for vibration serviceability problems. These problems are also observed at convention centers, large shopping malls, concert halls and ballrooms. Especially when the individuals in a crowd are involved in some sort of coordinated motion, this type of loading creates the most potential for high levels of vibration. In order to understand the causes of vibration, vibration levels, service and safety levels, Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) can be implemented to track and evaluate performance of a structure during events such as games at football stadia. SHM becomes a critical need especially when decisions such as repair and retrofit are to be made for the structure. The main objectives of this study are a) to determine the impact of vibration to human comfort levels; b) to identify dynamic loading for the coordinated motion; c) to determine the structural performance by means of a detailed model validated using experimental data. In order to achieve these objectives, a football stadium was monitored for three years to establish the vibration levels during different games and different events in each game such as goals, interceptions, playing a particular song. It is seen that certain events and long periods of playing particular songs induced vibration levels that are at the threshold of human comfort based on the design codes. To simulate the crowd motion due to this song, a laboratory study was designed and conducted to experimentally determine the forcing functions due to jumping with the rhythm of the song. The spectral analysis of the stadium data and the song also revealed that the first mode frequency of the stadium and the dominant frequency of the music are very close, creating resonance conditions. Further investigative studies were conducted by developing a finite element (FE) model of the stadium, which was validated using the results of the modal analysis from the ambient vibration data. Subsequently, the FE model was employed to simulate forcing functions obtained from the laboratory studies to explore the vibration levels, dynamic response as well as the response of the structure when it is retrofitted by additional elements. In addition, different aspects of model development, with respect to the physical model of the stadium were outlined in terms of design considerations, instrumentation, finite element modeling, and simulating dynamic effect of spectators. Finally, the effectiveness of the retrofit by adding elements to the steel structure of the stadium was explored by simulating the crowd motion with the FE model.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2010
- Identifier
- CFE0003387, ucf:48470
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0003387
- Title
- Load Estimation, Structural Identification and Human Comfort Assessment of Flexible Structures.
- Creator
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Celik, Ozan, Catbas, Necati, Yun, Hae-Bum, Makris, Nicos, Kauffman, Jeffrey L., University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
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Stadiums, pedestrian bridges, dance floors, and concert halls are distinct from other civil engineering structures due to several challenges in their design and dynamic behavior. These challenges originate from the flexible inherent nature of these structures coupled with human interactions in the form of loading. The investigations in past literature on this topic clearly state that the design of flexible structures can be improved with better load modeling strategies acquired with reliable...
Show moreStadiums, pedestrian bridges, dance floors, and concert halls are distinct from other civil engineering structures due to several challenges in their design and dynamic behavior. These challenges originate from the flexible inherent nature of these structures coupled with human interactions in the form of loading. The investigations in past literature on this topic clearly state that the design of flexible structures can be improved with better load modeling strategies acquired with reliable load quantification, a deeper understanding of structural response, generation of simple and efficient human-structure interaction models and new measurement and assessment criteria for acceptable vibration levels. In contribution to these possible improvements, this dissertation taps into three specific areas: the load quantification of lively individuals or crowds, the structural identification under non-stationary and narrowband disturbances and the measurement of excessive vibration levels for human comfort. For load quantification, a computer vision based approach capable of tracking both individual and crowd motion is used. For structural identification, a noise-assisted Multivariate Empirical Mode Decomposition (MEMD) algorithm is incorporated into the operational modal analysis. The measurement of excessive vibration levels and the assessment of human comfort are accomplished through computer vision based human and object tracking, which provides a more convenient means for measurement and computation. All the proposed methods are tested in the laboratory environment utilizing a grandstand simulator and in the field on a pedestrian bridge and on a football stadium. Findings and interpretations from the experimental results are presented. The dissertation is concluded by highlighting the critical findings and the possible future work that may be conducted.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2017
- Identifier
- CFE0006863, ucf:51752
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0006863
- Title
- Joining the "Big Leagues": Politics, Race, and the Pursuit of NBA Franchises in Miami and Orlando, 1982-1987.
- Creator
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Hillyer, Garrett, Crepeau, Richard, Lester, Connie, Lyons, Amelia, University of Central Florida
- Abstract / Description
-
This thesis analyzes the formation of two National Basketball Association (NBA) franchises(-)the Miami Heat and the Orlando Magic(-)and the efforts of groups representing both cities to procure those franchises between 1982 and 1987. Drawing primarily from discourse found in local newspapers, this thesis serves as a case study of the dual nature of sport to both unite and divide communities. While proponents of the NBA in Miami and Orlando preached the social, cultural, and economic benefits...
Show moreThis thesis analyzes the formation of two National Basketball Association (NBA) franchises(-)the Miami Heat and the Orlando Magic(-)and the efforts of groups representing both cities to procure those franchises between 1982 and 1987. Drawing primarily from discourse found in local newspapers, this thesis serves as a case study of the dual nature of sport to both unite and divide communities. While proponents of the NBA in Miami and Orlando preached the social, cultural, and economic benefits of sport, they ignored the ways in which the pursuit of sport divided local governments and perpetuated historic hostility toward African-American residents in each city. Debates over basketball arena funding created deep divisions within and between city, county, and state governments. Arena construction ultimately displaced hundreds of families in the historically African-American neighborhoods of Overtown (Miami) and Parramore (Orlando). Still, prospective NBA franchise owners in each city promised residents that professional sport would galvanize their community, provide national relevance, and spur economic revitalization. Although city and team officials attempted to shape the discourse surrounding their NBA pursuit as wholly unifying, underlying discourse revealed divisions within each city.Chapter one explores the history of arena and sport-related politics in Miami, relays the history of racial prejudice by Miami government toward Overtown African Americans, and analyzes how these two histories influenced the funding and location of the city's eventual NBA arena. Similarly, Chapter two explores the history of arena politics in Orlando, relays the history of racial prejudice from municipal government toward Parramore residents, and analyzes the relation of these two elements to the financing and planning of Orlando's arena. Chapter three analyzes prospective NBA ownership groups in Miami and Orlando, their structural makeup, characteristics, and their efforts to sell season-ticket deposits in hopes of luring the league to their city. Chapter four analyzes the underlying destructive discourse surrounding the arenas and prospective franchises, particularly as it relates prejudicial language toward Overtown and Parramore and vitriolic language between Miami and Orlando.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2016
- Identifier
- CFE0006324, ucf:51554
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0006324
