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Title: EFFECTS OF REAL ESTATE CYCLES ON RESIDENTIAL AMENITY VALUES FOR WATER RESOURCES.
Creator: Hillard, Amy, Milon, Walter, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: Little research has been conducted on the effects of housing price cycles on preferences for environmental landscape attributes over time (Cho, Kim, & Roberts, 2011). If the economic value of scarce resources like water resource amenities depends on consumer preferences, then it is useful to address possible effects of cyclical variation in the housing market on these values. This issue is addressed in the primary research question for this thesis: Did the 2007-2009 recession and consequent...
Show moreLittle research has been conducted on the effects of housing price cycles on preferences for environmental landscape attributes over time (Cho, Kim, & Roberts, 2011). If the economic value of scarce resources like water resource amenities depends on consumer preferences, then it is useful to address possible effects of cyclical variation in the housing market on these values. This issue is addressed in the primary research question for this thesis: Did the 2007-2009 recession and consequent real estate bust affect marginal willingness to pay for water resource amenities for properties in proximity to the lower St. Johns River (SJR) in Duval County, FL? Prior published studies on the most recent real estate cycle were used to evaluate the timing of housing market impacts during the most recent recession. Also, sales price and sales volume distributions for Duval County were evaluated to compare trends. Based on prior research and results, three separate hypotheses were generated and tested using the hedonic pricing method for residential properties in Duval County. The first hypothesis was that the recent recession impacted the implicit prices of water resource amenities for residential properties in proximity to the SJR. Two separate regression models were developed to test different recession periods (2007-2012 and 2008-2012) based on sample data. Time fixed effect binary variables were used to construct recession interaction effects with water related amenities (proximity to the SJR as well as tributary and riverfront properties). Results showed that during the recession period, sales prices for houses further away from the river experienced a greater negative impact than those closer to the river. This result is similar to research by Cohen, Coughlin, and Lopez (2012) who suggest that, higher priced or high tier residential houses (in this case, those closer to river) tend to hold their value more than low tier residential houses. Also, consistent with research by Bin, Czajkowski, Jingyuan, and Villarini (2015), sales prices for tributary and riverfront homes were not impacted by the recession. A second hypothesis was developed to test whether sales prices for houses in Duval County recovered to pre-recession levels. A regression model was constructed with a separate recession interaction effect variable for 2013-2015 and results indicated that the housing market did not make a full recovery from the recession. A final hypothesis was developed on the significance of interaction variables water quality indicator Chlorophyll-A and a recession effects binary variable. All water quality interaction variables introduced within the model were not significant at the 1% or 5% levels. Future research might include testing interactions with parcel land area and recession time effects and also examining other water quality indicators including Secchi Disk, dissolved oxygen, or turbidity. It may also be useful in the future to use an alternative method of measuring implicit prices of environmental characteristics, such as the repeat sales method.
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Date Issued: 2015
Identifier: CFH0004890, ucf:45423
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFH0004890

Title: EFFECTS OF REDUCED RAS AND VOLUME ON ANAEROBIC ZONE PERFORMANCE FOR A SEPTIC WASTEWATER BIOLOGICAL PHOSPHOROUS REMOVAL SYSTEM.
Creator: Magro, Daniel, Randall, Andrew, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: Enhanced Biological Phosphorous Removal (EBPR) performance was found to be adequate with reduced Return Activated Sludge (RAS) flows (50% of available RAS) to the anaerobic tank and smaller than typical anaerobic zone volume (1.08 hours hydraulic retention time or HRT). Three identical parallel biological nutrient removal (BNR) pilot plants were fed with strong, highly fermented (160 mg/L VFAs), domestic/industrial wastewater from a full scale wastewater treatment facility (WWTF). The pilot...
Show moreEnhanced Biological Phosphorous Removal (EBPR) performance was found to be adequate with reduced Return Activated Sludge (RAS) flows (50% of available RAS) to the anaerobic tank and smaller than typical anaerobic zone volume (1.08 hours hydraulic retention time or HRT). Three identical parallel biological nutrient removal (BNR) pilot plants were fed with strong, highly fermented (160 mg/L VFAs), domestic/industrial wastewater from a full scale wastewater treatment facility (WWTF). The pilot plants were operated at 100%, 50%, 40% and 25% RAS (percent of available RAS) flows to the anaerobic tank with the remaining RAS to the anoxic tank. In addition, varying anaerobic HRT (1.08 and 1.5 hours), and increased hydraulic loading (35% increase) was examined. The study was divided in four Phases, and the effect of these process variations on EBPR were studied by having one different variable between two identical systems. The most significant conclusions were that only bringing part of the RAS to the anaerobic zone did not decrease EBPR performance, instead changing the location of P release and uptake. Bringing less RAS to the anaerobic and more to the anoxic tank decreased anaerobic P release and increased anoxic P release (or decreased anoxic P uptake). Equally important is that with VFA rich influent wastewater, excessive anaerobic volume was shown to hurt overall P removal even when it resulted in increased anaerobic P release. Computer modeling with BioWin and UCTPHO was found to predict similar results to the pilot test results. Modeling was done with reduced RAS flows to the anaerobic zone (100%, 50%, and 25% RAS), increased anaerobic volume, and increased hydraulic loading. The most significant conclusions were that both models predicted EBPR did not deteriorate with less RAS to the anaerobic zone, in fact, improvements in EBPR were observed. Additional scenarios were also consistent with pilot test data in that increased anaerobic volume did not improve EBPR and increased hydraulic loading did not adversely affect EBPR.
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Date Issued: 2005
Identifier: CFE0000329, ucf:46285
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0000329

Title: EFFECTS OF RELAXED ASSUMPTIONS ON THE STATE SWITCHING TECHNIQUE.
Creator: Ilardi, Stephen, Kauffman, Jeffrey, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: This thesis explores the effects of two assumptions commonly used in mathematical models related to a piezoelectric damping method known as State Switching. The technique relies on changing the stiffness state of a piezoelectric patch through control of the electrical boundary conditions. The transition between stiffness states is assumed to occur instantaneously and in concurrence with the switch event. In actuality, the transition will occur over a finite time and will trail behind the...
Show moreThis thesis explores the effects of two assumptions commonly used in mathematical models related to a piezoelectric damping method known as State Switching. The technique relies on changing the stiffness state of a piezoelectric patch through control of the electrical boundary conditions. The transition between stiffness states is assumed to occur instantaneously and in concurrence with the switch event. In actuality, the transition will occur over a finite time and will trail behind the switch event by a finite time. For these assumptions to be valid, the effects of switch duration and delay on the performance of the State Switching method must be examined. In this thesis, the vibration reduction for various switch duration/delay values will be calculated using a numerical solver. The results of the simulations will be used to provide a range in which the two aforementioned assumptions produce negligible error, defined here as a 10% decrease in method performance.
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Date Issued: 2014
Identifier: CFH0004658, ucf:45288
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFH0004658

Title: Effects of Rest Position on Ultrasound-Derived Morphological Characteristics of the Vastus Lateralis and Lower-Body Force Production.
Creator: Varanoske, Alyssa, Wells, Adam, Fukuda, David, Stout, Jeffrey, Mangine, Gerald, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: INTRODUCTION: Ultrasound assessment of the lower body typically encompasses 10-15 minutes of supine rest prior to examination because of the potential influence of gravitational fluid shifts on tissue size and composition. However, examination of the vastus lateralis (VL) muscle requires individuals to lay in the lateral recumbent position, and this change in position may influence muscle morphological characteristics and their ability to predict muscle function.PURPOSE: The purpose of this...
Show moreINTRODUCTION: Ultrasound assessment of the lower body typically encompasses 10-15 minutes of supine rest prior to examination because of the potential influence of gravitational fluid shifts on tissue size and composition. However, examination of the vastus lateralis (VL) muscle requires individuals to lay in the lateral recumbent position, and this change in position may influence muscle morphological characteristics and their ability to predict muscle function.PURPOSE: The purpose of this investigation was to examine the effect of rest position on ultrasound-derived morphological characteristics of the VL and to determine whether or not rest position affects the relationships between muscle morphological characteristics of the VL and lower-body force and power production. METHODS: Thirty-one resistance-trained males (age: 23.0 (&)#177; 2.1 years; height: 1.79 (&)#177; 0.08 m; body mass: 87.4 (&)#177; 11.7 kg) participated in this investigation. Muscle morphological characteristics, including cross-sectional area (CSA), muscle thickness (MT), pennation angle (PA), echo intensity (UnCorEI), subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness (SFT), and EI corrected for SFT (CorEI) of the VL were assessed in the dominant limb after 15 minutes of rest in 3 recumbent positions: supine (SUP), dominant lateral recumbent (DLR), non-dominant lateral recumbent (NDLR), as well as after 15 minutes of standing (ST) and immediately after laying down (IP). Following ultrasound assessments, participants completed unilateral performance assessments, including vertical jumps (UVJ), isometric/isokinetic testing, and a 1-repetition maximum (1-RM) leg press. RESULTS: A repeated-measures analysis of variance revealed significantly different (p (<) 0.05) CSA, MT, PA, UnCorEI, and SFT in ST compared to recumbent positions after 15 minutes of rest (NDLR, DLR, and SUP). Additionally, significant differences were observed between recumbent positions for CSA, CorEI, and UnCorEI; however, no differences were observed for MT, PA, and SFT. Different magnitudes of relationships were observed between muscle morphological characteristics measured after rest in different positions and performance variables. However, muscle morphology after IP generally appears to be the best predictor of performance for most variables, although utilizing the NDLR and DLR positions may provide comparable, or potentially stronger results for variables such as IsokPF. The relationship between muscle morphology and various performance variables in ST were weaker compared to the recumbent positions examined, specifically for IsokPF, 1-RM leg press, and for all UVJ variables, except total work.CONCLUSIONS: Muscle morphology differs depending on the rest position utilized prior to ultrasound analysis. These rest positions also affect the ability for muscle morphology to predict lower-body force production. Future research should consider evaluation of muscle morphology of the VL after IP in the prediction of muscle function; however, NDLR and DLR may also be used. SUP and ST provide significantly weaker relationships for some performance variables compared to the other recumbent positions.
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Date Issued: 2019
Identifier: CFE0007550, ucf:52610
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0007550

Title: EFFECTS OF SCHOOL MEAL CONSUMPTION ON SCHOOL-RELATED FACTORS IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL-AGED CHILDREN.
Creator: Reynolds, Megan, Garcia, Jeanette, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: The purpose of this study was to examine teacher perception of student school meal preferences in an elementary school setting. This was a cross-sectional mixed-methods study that is part of a larger study to develop a nutrition education program for elementary school children. Focus groups and surveys were administered to faculty at a charter school in downtown Orlando to gain insight into the types of food offered at school and student response to these food items. All members of the...
Show moreThe purpose of this study was to examine teacher perception of student school meal preferences in an elementary school setting. This was a cross-sectional mixed-methods study that is part of a larger study to develop a nutrition education program for elementary school children. Focus groups and surveys were administered to faculty at a charter school in downtown Orlando to gain insight into the types of food offered at school and student response to these food items. All members of the faculty were invited to participate in the study, and seven teachers volunteered to take part in this study. Focus groups were recorded using tape recorders; they were then transcribed verbatim and coded independently by two research assistants. Results of this study showed that according to members of faculty, overall, the food served in school during breakfast and lunch is of poor quality. Portion sizes were acceptable according to participants, however, there is still too much food is being wasted. The students do not respond well to breakfast or lunch, which has adversely affected the academic performance of students as well as their classroom behavior due to hunger and low energy levels. It was also noted that older children expressed interest in learning about topics pertaining to nutrition. This study is the first stage of a larger initiative to develop nutrition education programs and to encourage conversation regarding school meal reform, especially as it pertains to those individuals of low socioeconomic status. The implications for this study could be beneficial for a wide-range of children who attend school on a daily basis.
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Date Issued: 2018
Identifier: CFH2000436, ucf:45716
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFH2000436

Title: Effects of Signal Probability on Multitasking-Based Distraction in Driving, Cyberattack (&) Battlefield Simulation.
Creator: Sawyer, Benjamin, Karwowski, Waldemar, Hancock, Peter, Xanthopoulos, Petros, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: Multitasking-based failures of perception and action are the focus of much research in driving, where they are attributed to distraction. Similar failures occur in contexts where the construct of distraction is little used. Such narrow application was attributed to methodology which cannot precisely account for experimental variables in time and space, limiting distraction's conceptual portability to other contexts. An approach based upon vigilance methodology was forwarded as a solution, and...
Show moreMultitasking-based failures of perception and action are the focus of much research in driving, where they are attributed to distraction. Similar failures occur in contexts where the construct of distraction is little used. Such narrow application was attributed to methodology which cannot precisely account for experimental variables in time and space, limiting distraction's conceptual portability to other contexts. An approach based upon vigilance methodology was forwarded as a solution, and highlighted a fundamental human performance question: Would increasing the signal probability (SP) of a secondary task increase associated performance, as is seen in the prevalence effect associated with vigilance tasks? Would it reduce associated performance, as is seen in driving distraction tasks? A series of experiments weighed these competing assumptions. In the first, a psychophysical task, analysis of accuracy and response data revealed an interaction between the number of concurrent tasks and SP of presented targets. The question was further tested in the applied contexts of driving, cyberattack and battlefield target decision-making. In line with previous prevalence effect inquiry, presentation of stimuli at higher SP led to higher accuracy. In line with existing distraction work, performance of higher numbers of concurrent tasks tended to elicit slower response times. In all experiments raising either number of concurrent tasks or SP of targets resulted in greater subjective workload, as measured by the NASA TLX, even when accompanied by improved accuracy. It would seem that (")distraction(") in previous experiments has been an aggregate effect including both delayed response time and prevalence-based accuracy effects. These findings support the view that superior experimental control of SP reveals nomothetic patterns of performance that allow better understanding and wider application of the distraction construct both within and in diverse contexts beyond driving.
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Date Issued: 2015
Identifier: CFE0006388, ucf:51522
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0006388

Title: EFFECTS OF SIMULTANEOUS EXERCISE AND SPEECH TASKS ON THE PERCEPTION OF EFFORT AND VOCAL MEASURES IN AEROBIC INSTRUCTURS.
Creator: Koblick, Heather, Hoffman-Ruddy, Bari, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of voice production and perception of dyspnea in aerobic instructors during simultaneous tasks of exercise and speech production. The study aimed to document changes that occur during four conditions: 1) voice production without exercise and no use of amplification; 2) voice production without exercise and the use of amplification; 3) voice production during exercise without the use of amplification; 4) voice production during exercise...
Show moreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of voice production and perception of dyspnea in aerobic instructors during simultaneous tasks of exercise and speech production. The study aimed to document changes that occur during four conditions: 1) voice production without exercise and no use of amplification; 2) voice production without exercise and the use of amplification; 3) voice production during exercise without the use of amplification; 4) voice production during exercise with the use of amplification. Participants included ten aerobic instructors (two male and eight female). The dependent variables included vocal intensity, average fundamental frequency (F0), noise-to-harmonic ratio (NHR), jitter percent (jitt %), shimmer percent (shim %), and participants' self-perception of dyspnea. The results indicated that speech alone, whether it was with or without amplification, had no effect on the sensation of dyspnea. However, when combining speech with exercise, the speech task became increasingly difficult, even more so without the use of amplification. Exercise was observed to inhibit vocal loudness levels as vocal intensity measures were lowest in the conditions with exercise with the use of amplification. Increases in F0 occurred in conditions involving exercise without the use of amplification. Moreover, four participants in various conditions exhibited frequencies that diverged from their gender's normal range. Participants' NHR increased during periods of exercise, however no participants were found to have NHR measures outside the normal range. Four participants were found to have moderate laryngeal pathology that was hemorrhagic in nature. Findings suggest that traditional treatment protocols may need to be modified beyond hygienic approaches in order to address both the respiratory and laryngeal work-loads that are encountered in this population and others involving similar occupational tasks.
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Date Issued: 2004
Identifier: CFE0000274, ucf:46234
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0000274

Title: EFFECTS OF SOURCE WATER BLENDING FOLLOWING TREATMENT WITH SODIUM SILICATE AS A CORROSION INHIBITOR ON METAL RELEASE WITHIN A WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM.
Creator: Lintereur, Phillip, Duranceau, Steven, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: A study was conducted to investigate and quantify the effects of corrosion inhibitors on metal release within a pilot distribution system while varying the source water. The pilot distribution system consisted of pre-existing facilities from Taylor et al (2005). Iron, copper, and lead release data were collected during four separate phases of operation. Each phase was characterized by the particular blend ratios used during the study. A blended source water represented a water that had been...
Show moreA study was conducted to investigate and quantify the effects of corrosion inhibitors on metal release within a pilot distribution system while varying the source water. The pilot distribution system consisted of pre-existing facilities from Taylor et al (2005). Iron, copper, and lead release data were collected during four separate phases of operation. Each phase was characterized by the particular blend ratios used during the study. A blended source water represented a water that had been derived from a consistent proportion of three different source waters. These source waters included (1) surface water treated through enhanced coagulation/sedimentation/filtration, (2) conventionally treated groundwater, and (3) finished surface water treated using reverse osmosis membranes. The corrosion inhibitors used during the study were blended orthophosphate (BOP), orthophosphate (OP), zinc orthophosphate (ZOP), and sodium silicate (Si). This document was intended to cite the findings from the study associated with corrosion treatment using various doses of sodium silicate. The doses were maintained to 3, 6, and 12 mg/L as SiO2 above the blend-dependent background silica concentration. Sources of iron release within the pilot distribution system consisted of, in the following order of entry, (1) lined cast iron, (2) un-lined cast iron, and (3) galvanized steel. Iron release data from these materials was not collected for each individual iron source. Instead, iron release data represented the measurement of iron upon exposure to the pilot distribution system in general. There was little evidence to suggest that iron release was affected by sodium silicate. Statistical modeling of iron release suggested that iron release could be described by the water quality parameters of alkalinity, chlorides, and pH. The R2 statistic implied that the model could account for only 36% of the total variation within the iron release data set (i.e. R2 = 0.36). The model implies that increases in alkalinity and pH would be expected to decrease iron release on average, while an increase in chlorides would increase iron release. The surface composition of cast iron and galvanized steel coupons were analyzed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The surface analysis located binding energies consistent with Fe2O3, Fe3O4, and FeOOH for both cast iron and galvanized steel. Elemental scans detected the presence of silicon as amorphous silica; however, there was no significant difference between scans of coupons treated with sodium silicate and coupons simply exposed to the blended source water. The predominant form of zinc found on the galvanized steel coupons was ZnO. Thermodynamic modeling of the galvanized steel system suggested that zinc release was more appropriately described by Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6. The analysis of the copper release data set suggested that treatment with sodium silicate decreased copper release during the study. On average the low, medium, and high doses decreased copper release, when compared to the original blend source water prior to sodium silicate addition, by approximately 20%, 30%, and 50%, respectively. Statistical modeling found that alkalinity, chlorides, pH, and sodium silicate dose were significant variables (R2 = 0.68). The coefficients of the model implied that increases in pH and sodium silicate dose decreased copper release, while increases in alkalinity and chlorides increased copper release. XPS for copper coupons suggested that the scale composition consisted of Cu2O, CuO, and Cu(OH)2 for both the coupons treated with sodium silicate and those exposed to the blended source water. Analysis of the silicon elemental scan detected amorphous silica on 3/5 copper coupons exposed to sodium silicate. Silicon was not detected on any of the 8 control coupons. This suggested that sodium silicate inhibitor varied the surface composition of the copper scale. The XPS results seemed to be validated by the visual differences of the copper coupons exposed to sodium silicate. Copper coupons treated with sodium silicate developed a blue-green scale, while control coupons were reddish-brown. Thermodynamic modeling was unsuccessful in identifying a controlling solid that consisted of a silicate-based cupric solid. Lead release was generally decreased when treated with sodium silicate. Many of the observations were recorded below the detection limit (1 ppb as Pb) of the instrument used to measure the lead concentration of the samples during the study. The frequency of observations below the detection limit tended to increase as the dose of sodium silicate increased. An accurate quantification of the effect of sodium silicate was complicated by the observations recorded below detection limit. If the lead concentration of a sample was below detection limit, then the observation was recorded as 1 ppb. Statistical modeling suggested that temperature, alkalinity, chlorides, pH, and sodium silicate dose were important variables associated with lead release (R2 = 0.60). The exponents of the non-linear model implied that an increase in temperature, alkalinity, and chlorides increased lead release, while an increase in pH and sodium silicate dose were associated with a decrease in lead release. XPS surface characterization of lead coupons indicated the presence of PbO, PbO2, PbCO3, and Pb3(OH)2(CO3)2. XPS also found evidence of silicate scale formation. Thermodynamic modeling did not support the possibility of a silicate-based lead controlling solid. A solubility model assuming Pb3(OH)2(CO3)2 as the controlling solid was used to evaluate lead release data from samples in which lead coupons were incubated for long stagnation times. This thermodynamic model seemed to similarly describe the lead release of samples treated with sodium silicate and samples exposed to the blended source water. The pH of each sample was similar, thus sodium silicate, rather than the corresponding increase in pH, would appear to be responsible if a difference had been observed. During the overall study, the effects of BOP, OP, ZOP, and Si corrosion inhibitors were described by empirical models. Statistically, the model represented the expected value, or mean average, function. If these models are to be used to predict a dose for copper release, then the relationship between the expected value function and the 90th percentile must be approximated. The USEPA Lead and Copper Rule (LCR) regulates total copper release at an action level of 1.3 mg/L. This action level represents a 90th percentile rather than a mean average. Evaluation of the complete copper release data set suggested that the standard deviation was proportional to the mean average of a particular treatment. This relationship was estimated using a linear model. It was found that most of the copper data sub-sets (represented by a given phase, inhibitor, and dose) could be described by a normal distribution. The information obtained from the standard deviation analysis and the normality assumption validated the use of a z-score to relate the empirical models to the estimated 90th percentile observations. Since an analysis of the normality and variance (essentially contains the same information as the standard deviation) are required to assess the assumptions associated with an ANOVA, an ANOVA was performed to directly compare the effects of the inhibitors and corresponding doses. The findings suggested that phosphate-based inhibitors were consistently more effective than sodium silicate when comparing the same treatment levels (i.e. doses). Among the phosphate-based inhibitors, the effectiveness of each respective treatment level was inconsistent (i.e. there was no clear indication that any one phosphate-based inhibitor was more effective than the other). As the doses increased for each inhibitor, the results generally suggested that there was a corresponding tendency for copper release to decrease.
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Date Issued: 2008
Identifier: CFE0002383, ucf:47737
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0002383

Title: Effects of Surfactant Concentrations on Perovskite Emitters Embedded in Polystyrene.
Creator: Calkins, Eric, Dong, Yajie, Tetard, Laurene, Zhai, Lei, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: With their simple fabrication, narrow light spectrum, and color tunability, a class of materials known as perovskites are emerging as promising candidates for light emission applications. These materials, when exposed to normal atmospheric conditions show significant degradation. Improved protection has been demonstrated by embedding perovskites in polymers. Furthermore, the addition of a surfactant into the precursor solution has been shown to increase stability and allow for color tuning by...
Show moreWith their simple fabrication, narrow light spectrum, and color tunability, a class of materials known as perovskites are emerging as promising candidates for light emission applications. These materials, when exposed to normal atmospheric conditions show significant degradation. Improved protection has been demonstrated by embedding perovskites in polymers. Furthermore, the addition of a surfactant into the precursor solution has been shown to increase stability and allow for color tuning by exploiting quantum confinement effects. However, the effects of surfactants typically used to stabilize perovskites in solution have not been explored in this polymer embedding strategy. Here we determine the physical and optical emission changes produced by modifying the concentration of octylamine, butylamine, and oleylamine in the perovskite precursor solution prior to embedding into a polystyrene substrate. Using optical emission spectroscopy, we measure emission spectra of perovskite nanocrystals embedded in the polymer. Changes in morphology and dispersion of the perovskite particles within the polymer are observed using UV illuminated optical microscopy. XRD data suggests increased crystallinity with the addition of short chain surfactant. Our measurements in emission show that the location of the emission peak and overall shape of the emission spectra change when longer chain surfactant is added while short chain surfactant reduces nanorod formation without a significant change in particle dispersion or emission. The work suggests that increased long chain surfactant concentration prohibits perovskite crystal growth within the polymer leading to increased optical transparency and quantum confinement effects observable through photo luminescent emission.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: CFE0007119, ucf:51940
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0007119

Title: Effects of symbol type on naming and identification of graphic symbols by typically developing three, four, five and six-year olds children.
Creator: Resnick, Pamela, Kent-Walsh, Jennifer, Schwartz, Jamie, Zraick, Richard, Bai, Haiyan, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: Speech-language pathologists and educators face unique challenges in assessing the language skills of children with complex communication needs due to the wide array of impairments with which these individuals present. For example, most receptive language assessment tools require that children either point to or label line drawings to determine whether or not they comprehend the depicted concepts; task demands such as these preclude administering such assessment tools with children who are...
Show moreSpeech-language pathologists and educators face unique challenges in assessing the language skills of children with complex communication needs due to the wide array of impairments with which these individuals present. For example, most receptive language assessment tools require that children either point to or label line drawings to determine whether or not they comprehend the depicted concepts; task demands such as these preclude administering such assessment tools with children who are unable to physically point to or verbally label presented stimuli. In light of these challenges, the use of eye tracking technologies has become particularly appealing since this alternate response mode reduces the behavioral demands associated with standardized assessment procedures. Another challenge clinicians and educators face as they strive to ensure accurate receptive language assessment results with children who have complex communication needs is the type of stimuli utilized in such assessments. When individuals with cognitive delays are presented with stimuli that may not be comprehensible to them, there is a risk of under-estimating language comprehension abilities (Emerson, 2003). Given the documented challenges that individuals with disabilities often have in identifying constructs depicted by the types of line drawings typically included in receptive language assessment tools (e.g., Mirenda (&) Locke, 1989; Mizuko, 1987), there is a critical need to include recognizable stimuli in assessment tools in order to determine this population's true receptive language capabilities. Beyond this potential to improve the validity of receptive language assessments, improvement in assessment practices such as these also have potential positive implications for effective AAC technology selection and AAC treatment planning.The current investigation examined the effect of symbol type (color photograph symbols1 vs. SymbolStix(&)copy;2 color line drawing symbols) on identification and naming of graphic symbols for nouns, verbs and adjectives in typically developing three, four, five and six-year old children. A quasi-experimental design was employed, with counterbalance for experimental stimuli (color photograph symbols1 vs. SymbolStix(&)copy;2 symbols) and task (identification task vs. naming task). Eighty-nine participants completed the identification and naming tasks with both examined symbol types (color photograph symbols1 vs. SymbolStix(&)copy;2 symbols) on two different days. Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) was used to examine the effects of symbol type on both accuracy and rate of identification, and on accuracy of naming. Bivariate correlation was completed to determine the relationship between participants' touch and eye identification rates, and to determine the relationship between identification accuracy and eye rate. Mean scores revealed that all participants achieved higher accuracy for the identification and naming tasks with color photograph symbols1, and that participants evidenced faster touch and eye identification rates for the color photograph symbol1 condition. These findings suggest that color photograph symbols1 are more transparent and thus more easily identifiable. Therefore, potential future assessment modifications include the incorporation of color photograph symbols1 as stimuli and eye gaze as a selection option within AAC assessment tools. Overall, results of this study have the potential to change the way speech-language pathologists and educators assess the receptive language skills of children with complex communication needs to yield more accurate assessment results.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: CFE0006909, ucf:51701
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0006909

Title: EFFECTS OF THE INFLUENZA VACCINE ON THE ORAL CAVITY.
Creator: Sawires, Laura, Webster, Danielle, Wells, Brittny, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: According to existing literature, there is a suggested correlation between certain vaccinations and oral cavity symptoms. Studies have shown that the Diphtheria, Tetanus, Acellular Pertusis, as well as Polio Vaccinations have an association with presented symptoms of bleeding gums, sores, ulcers, white spots in the mouth or on lips, and unpleasant breath odor. Although these symptoms may not occur simultaneously or directly after administration of the immunization, there has been supported...
Show moreAccording to existing literature, there is a suggested correlation between certain vaccinations and oral cavity symptoms. Studies have shown that the Diphtheria, Tetanus, Acellular Pertusis, as well as Polio Vaccinations have an association with presented symptoms of bleeding gums, sores, ulcers, white spots in the mouth or on lips, and unpleasant breath odor. Although these symptoms may not occur simultaneously or directly after administration of the immunization, there has been supported evidence of correlation. Given the relevance of an association between vaccinations and orally manifested side effects, an investigation on the presence of such association with the widely administered flu vaccine was conducted. Data for this work was collected from a population including undergraduate students studying at the University of Central Florida. A brief voluntary online survey requesting demographic information regarding administration of the vaccine as well as any experienced side effects was used. The study was cohort in nature as it tracked subjects with known exposure to the flu shot in the past six months to understand the outcome of interest. Results from the survey were used to determine that there is no correlation between orally manifested side effects and administration of the flu vaccine.
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Date Issued: 2018
Identifier: CFH2000306, ucf:45755
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFH2000306

Title: Effects of the possible use of nuclear weapons and the security and economic implications for states of the acquisition and further development of these weapons.
Creator: United Nations Secretary General
Date Issued: 1968
Identifier: 2667394, CFDT2667394, ucf:4995
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FCLA/DT/2667394

Title: EFFECTS OF THE SOIL PROPERTIES ON THE MAXIMUM DRY DENSITY OBTAINED FROM THE STANDARD PROCTOR TEST.
Creator: Arvelo, Andres, Kuo, Shiou-san, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: In the construction of highways, airports, and other structures, the compaction of soils is needed to improve its strength. In 1933 Proctor developed a laboratory compaction test to determine the maximum dry density of compacted soils, which can be used for specifications of field compaction. The Compaction of soils is influenced by many factors, the most common are the moisture content, the soil type and the applied compaction energy. The objective of this research is the analysis of the...
Show moreIn the construction of highways, airports, and other structures, the compaction of soils is needed to improve its strength. In 1933 Proctor developed a laboratory compaction test to determine the maximum dry density of compacted soils, which can be used for specifications of field compaction. The Compaction of soils is influenced by many factors, the most common are the moisture content, the soil type and the applied compaction energy. The objective of this research is the analysis of the maximum dry density values based on the soil classification and characterization. The method of choice in the determination of the maximum dry density from different soils was the Standard Proctor Test following the procedure for the standard Proctor test as is explained in ASTM Test Designation D-698. From this investigation, the maximum dry density of eight types of sands was obtained, the sands were classified by using the Unified Soil Classification System. The influence on the maximum dry density of the type of sands, type of fines, amount of fines and distribution of the grain size was determined, followed by a sensitivity analysis that measured the influence of these parameters on the obtained maximum dry density. The research revealed some correlations between the maximum dry density of soils with the type of fines, the fines content and the Uniformity Coefficient. These correlations were measured and some particular behavioral trends were encountered and analyzed. It was found that well-graded sands have higher maximum dry density than poorly graded when the soils have the same fines content, also it was encountered that plastic fines tend to increase the maximum dry density.
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Date Issued: 2004
Identifier: CFE0000261, ucf:46237
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0000261

Title: EFFECTS OF THERMO-MECHANICAL LOADING FROM IN-SITU STUDIES OF EB-PVD THERMAL BARRIER COATINGS.
Creator: Jansz, Melan, Raghavan, Seetha, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: The thermo-mechanical effects on the strain evolution within an EB-PVD thermal barrier coating (TBC) is presented in this work using in-situ characterization. Synchrotron X-ray diffraction at sector 1-ID at the Argonne National Laboratory provided both qualitative and quantitative in-situ data on the strain evolution under a thermal cycle with mechanical loading. The results show that at a critical combination of temperature and load, the stress in the thermally grown oxide (TGO) layer in the...
Show moreThe thermo-mechanical effects on the strain evolution within an EB-PVD thermal barrier coating (TBC) is presented in this work using in-situ characterization. Synchrotron X-ray diffraction at sector 1-ID at the Argonne National Laboratory provided both qualitative and quantitative in-situ data on the strain evolution under a thermal cycle with mechanical loading. The results show that at a critical combination of temperature and load, the stress in the thermally grown oxide (TGO) layer in the TBC reaches a tensile region. These significant findings enhance existing literature showing purely compressive strains within the TGO where mechanical loads have been neglected. The results have important implications on the effects on the overall life of the coating. Depth resolved quantitative strain is presented as contour plots over a thermal cycle highlighting the complementary strains in the adjacent layers including the bond coat and the TBC with time and temperature. Systematic identification of the appropriate peaks within the multi-layer TBC system provides guidelines for future strain studies using high energy X-rays. Piezospectroscopic studies with applied mechanical loading are further presented as verification of the room temperature XRD data for future development of the method as an operational technique to be used outside the laboratory environment
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Date Issued: 2011
Identifier: CFE0004004, ucf:49173
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0004004

Title: EFFECTS OF THREE INSTRUCTIONAL SCHEDULES ON SKILL ACQUISITION AND GENERALIZATION IN THE USE OF TWO-WAY RADIOS TO REPORT TASK COMPLETION BY HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS WITH MODERATE INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES.
Creator: Perez-Turner, Geraldine, Miller, Kevin, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: Educators of students with moderate and severe intellectual disabilities face a significant challenge in preparing their students while in school to function, acquire, and maintain skills that would facilitate successful performance in the workforce while in supported and/or independent employment after graduation. The field of special education still debates about the best way to teach students with moderate intellectual disabilities, the best setting for their instruction and the best...
Show moreEducators of students with moderate and severe intellectual disabilities face a significant challenge in preparing their students while in school to function, acquire, and maintain skills that would facilitate successful performance in the workforce while in supported and/or independent employment after graduation. The field of special education still debates about the best way to teach students with moderate intellectual disabilities, the best setting for their instruction and the best instructional schedule. The current research investigated the effectiveness and efficiency of three instructional schedules in the skill acquisition and generalization of two-way radio usage to report task completion by high school students with moderate intellectual disabilities. The instructional schedules investigated were: (a) community-based instruction only (CBI), (b) community based instruction plus simulated instruction in the classroom-same day (CBISC) and (c) simulated instruction in the classroom only (SICO). A Multiple Probe Design across participants with intermittent probe trials within each instructional group, and an added generalization phase (Horner & Baer, 1978; Tawney & Gast, 1984; Alberto & Troutman, 2003) was employed in this study. Nine high school students with moderate intellectual disabilities, three in each instructional schedule, were taught to use a two-way radio to report task completion. The results of the study revealed that the CBI instructional schedule was the overall most efficient instructional schedule for skill acquisition. Two of the CBI participants required the least number of trials to learn to use a two-way radio to report task completion. The second most efficient schedule was the CBISC and the least efficient instructional schedule was the SICO. Based on Mean scores, learning efficiency appeared to be greater for the participants in the CBI and CBISC instructional schedule. These participants required the least number of intrusive prompts. Results indicated that the SICO instructional scheduled was more efficient for only one participant. This participant only required verbal prompts for acquisition of the skill. However, participant one on the SICO instructional schedule required the most intrusive prompts of all participants across groups. For generalization, the CBISC instructional schedule appeared to be the most effective. In this schedule, the two participants that concluded the study generalized the skill across three novel settings with 100% accuracy. The SICO schedule, also had two participants generalized the skill across three novel settings; however, one participant in that group failed to generalize the skill in two settings. The CBI instructional schedule appeared to be the least effective for skill generalization in this study. In this schedule, only one participant generalized the skill in all three novel settings.
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Date Issued: 2005
Identifier: CFE0000398, ucf:46322
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0000398

Title: EFFECTS OF TRANSPORT PROPERTIES AND FLAME UNSTEADINESS ON NITROGEN OXIDES EMISSIONS FROM LAMINAR HYDROGEN JET DIFFUSION FLAMES.
Creator: Park, Doyoub, Chen, Ruey-Hung, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: Experimental studies on the coupled effects of transport properties and unsteady fluid dynamics have been conducted on laminar, acoustically forced, hydrogen jet diffusion flames diluted by argon and helium. The primary purpose of this research is to determine how the fuel Lewis number and the flow unsteadiness play a combined role in maximum flame temperature and affect NOx emission from jet diffusion flame. The fuel Lewis number is varied by increasing/decreasing the mole fraction of...
Show moreExperimental studies on the coupled effects of transport properties and unsteady fluid dynamics have been conducted on laminar, acoustically forced, hydrogen jet diffusion flames diluted by argon and helium. The primary purpose of this research is to determine how the fuel Lewis number and the flow unsteadiness play a combined role in maximum flame temperature and affect NOx emission from jet diffusion flame. The fuel Lewis number is varied by increasing/decreasing the mole fraction of diluents in the fuel stream. Therefore, maximum flame temperatures and then NOx emission levels were expected to differ for Ar- and He-diluted flames. In an investigation of unsteady flames, two different frequencies (10 and 100 Hz) were applied to observe a behavior of NOx emission levels and flame lengths by changes of unsteady fluid dynamics and transport properties.
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Date Issued: 2005
Identifier: CFE0000646, ucf:46535
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0000646

Title: EFFECTS OF VOLUNTARY CONTROL ON PERFORMANCE RESPONSE UNDER STRESS.
Creator: Morris, Christina Shawn, Hancock, Peter A., University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: Recent stressful environments within military and non-military domains are producing a new challenge for the lab-based study of stress on task performance, one that requires knowledge of underlying cognitive-motivational and goal orientation factors. Results of recent stress on task performance research traditionally employ metaphorical explanations (i.e., resource theory) in order to rapidly apply stimulus-response outcomes to the real world counterparts. This dissertation provides an...
Show moreRecent stressful environments within military and non-military domains are producing a new challenge for the lab-based study of stress on task performance, one that requires knowledge of underlying cognitive-motivational and goal orientation factors. Results of recent stress on task performance research traditionally employ metaphorical explanations (i.e., resource theory) in order to rapidly apply stimulus-response outcomes to the real world counterparts. This dissertation provides an alternative perspective about these metaphorical, or black box, interpretations and reveals how they may be confounded with respect to the intended real world counterpart. To examine how voluntary human control can influence traditional stress/no-stress research findings, traditional as well as exploratory paradigms were presented. Both noise and time pressure conditions produced significant differences between experimental and control groups on visual discrimination. However, when analogous cash payment-contingency conditions were employed, the traditional stress/no-stress findings were not evident. In addition, a second experiment revealed that this trend of differences (and non-differences) held consistently over 30 minutes of interrupted task performance time. This study indicates the importance of developing more diagnostic measures that include assessments of how the differences between participants' and the generalized operators' goals and motivations may alter results in stressful task environments.
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Date Issued: 2004
Identifier: CFE0000019, ucf:46134
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0000019

Title: Effects of weaning age on body composition and growth of ex situ California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) pups.
Creator: Davis, Brandon, Worthy, Graham, Hinkle, Ross, Nolan, Elizabeth, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: Pinnipeds exhibit a wide range of lactation strategies that vary from just a few days to nearly three years in duration. Phocids have a relatively short, intense nursing period culminating with weaning after just a few days or weeks, while dependent otariids generally take several months of consuming a combined milk and solid food diet before being completely independent. The transition to nutritional independence can be particularly challenging for newly weaned pups, which must adjust to...
Show morePinnipeds exhibit a wide range of lactation strategies that vary from just a few days to nearly three years in duration. Phocids have a relatively short, intense nursing period culminating with weaning after just a few days or weeks, while dependent otariids generally take several months of consuming a combined milk and solid food diet before being completely independent. The transition to nutritional independence can be particularly challenging for newly weaned pups, which must adjust to behavioral, physiological and nutritional changes as a milk diet is replaced with solid food. An interruption in energy resources during this formative stage could result in a prioritization away from growth, maintenance, or activity resulting in suboptimal development.Three groups of ex situ California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) pups were examined during the initial period of independence after they were weaned at approximately five, seven, and nine months of age. Absolute growth rates of pups were calculated and changes in body composition were estimated using blubber depth measurements and deuterium oxide dilution to determine if weaning age had an effect on subsequent pup development and growth. Blood urea nitrogen and blood glucose levels were observed for their response to changes in body condition, while thyroid hormone levels in the blood were examined as a possible nutritional stress indicator during the pup's transition to solid food.When compared to in situ pups, the 5 month old pups in the present study had significantly greater body mass (39.6 (&)#177; 1.6 kg, p(<) 0.01), axillary girth (85.3 (&)#177; 2.9 cm, p(<) 0.01), and axillary blubber depth (2.3 (&)#177; 0.1 cm, p(<) 0.01) compared to 5 month old in situ pups (26.6 (&)#177; 5.2 kg / 70.6 (&)#177; 5.34 cm / 1.5 (&)#177; 0.2 cm). Nine month old ex situ pups had significantly greater axillary blubber depth (3.7 (&)#177; 0.9 cm, p(<) 0.01) and total body lipid percentage (24.9 (&)#177; 4.7%, p= 0.01) than in situ pups (1.5 (&)#177; 0.2 cm / 17.1 (&)#177; 4.9%). Although all pups in the present study survived the transition to solid food, there were apparent differences in how the different age groups responded physiologically. The five month old pups began the switch to solid food with the lowest overall blubber depth (2.6 (&)#177; 0.9 cm) and experienced the greatest change in body mass (-8.5 (&)#177; 1.6 kg) and composition while taking the longest to begin physiological recovery (31.7 (&)#177; 1.2 d). In contrast, the 9 month old pups entered the transition with more energy reserves (24.9 (&)#177; 4.7% TBL), began consuming solid food sooner (16.3 (&)#177; 0.6 d), and were able to utilize reserves more efficiently to minimize loss and promote faster growth.
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Date Issued: 2014
Identifier: CFE0005598, ucf:50259
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0005598

Title: EFFECTS ON STUDENT PERFORMANCE OF USING HANDS-ON ACTIVITIES TO TEACH SEVENTH GRADE STUDENTS MEASUREMENT CONCEPTS.
Creator: Hoke, Darlene, Dixon, Juli, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: Student performance on measurement concepts in mathematics was the basis for this action research study. This study summarizes research conducted in a seventh grade classroom at an urban middle school during fall of 2005. The study investigated the practice of using hands-on activities in addition to the standard mathematics curriculum to improve student performance in measurement tasks. Students were asked to respond to questions posed by both teacher and other students in the classroom....
Show moreStudent performance on measurement concepts in mathematics was the basis for this action research study. This study summarizes research conducted in a seventh grade classroom at an urban middle school during fall of 2005. The study investigated the practice of using hands-on activities in addition to the standard mathematics curriculum to improve student performance in measurement tasks. Students were asked to respond to questions posed by both teacher and other students in the classroom. Data were collected using measurement survey, focus group discussions, math journals, and teacher observations. Results of this study showed that student performance on measurement tasks increased throughout the course of the study. Student gains were recorded and analyzed throughout the eight-week study period. Twenty-one out of 26 students that participated in the study showed performance growth in measurement concepts.
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Date Issued: 2008
Identifier: CFE0002228, ucf:47890
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0002228

Title: EFFECTS ON TEACHERS' MATHEMATICS CONTENT KNOWLEDGE OF A PROFESSIONAL LEARNING COMMUNITY.
Creator: Price, Beverley, Kaplan, Jeffrey, University of Central Florida
Abstract / Description: The purpose of this research was to study the implementation of a professional learning community comprised of one group of third-grade teachers in a Florida elementary school where the emphasis was on research-based practices in the teaching of mathematics. Investigated were the growth of teachers' content knowledge in mathematics, specifically in the areas of multiplication and division, and the effects of their professional learning within their classrooms. Specifically this study looked...
Show moreThe purpose of this research was to study the implementation of a professional learning community comprised of one group of third-grade teachers in a Florida elementary school where the emphasis was on research-based practices in the teaching of mathematics. Investigated were the growth of teachers' content knowledge in mathematics, specifically in the areas of multiplication and division, and the effects of their professional learning within their classrooms. Specifically this study looked at whether or not the participation of a group of third grade teachers in a professional learning community PLC improved the mathematical content knowledge of the participants of the study. This research design called for the research to be conducted in three phases. In Phase I, the researcher interviewed all participants using a researcher-designed interview guide. A researcher-adapted survey, based upon previously released items Ball (2008) was administered as a pre-test of mathematical content knowledge,. In Phase II of the study, the researcher documented the activities that occurred within a 10-week long professional learning community (PLC) of third-grade teachers. In Phase III of the research, a post-study interview was conducted with each of the participants by an independent observer to elicit participants' perceptions and observations based on their participation in the PLC. A post-test of content knowledge was also administered to the participants. Several themes were identified in the research study. These themes led to recommendations for practice and future research. Themes were related to the lack of mathematical understanding experienced by some teachers and the lack of professional development specifically related to mathematics, the value of the professional learning community, and the benefits of sharing current research and best practices. During this study, the participants were able to read and share examples of research-based best practices in mathematics, and participants then used this new information and additional mathematics content knowledge in their classrooms in teaching their students.
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Date Issued: 2011
Identifier: CFE0003619, ucf:48856
Format: Document (PDF)
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/ucf/fd/CFE0003619

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